Illicit Drug use in the Asia Pacific Region - Burnet Institute

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Situational analysis of illicit drug issues and responses in the Asia–Pacific region 30 2 .5 .6 Country responses Policy and legislation Agreements and treaties 1961, 1971, 1988 UN Drug Conventions . Signatory to the ASEAN declaration for a drug-free ASEAN by 2015 National drug control policy Main drug control legislation Drug control policy lead agency Controlling drug abuse and illicit drug trafficking includes: prevention (communication, information and education); community participation; law enforcement; treatment and rehabilitation; regional and international cooperation; control and supervision of legal drug market and precursors; and Enhance Human Resource Development Narcotics Law (No . 22 of 1997) and Psychotropics Law (No . 5 of 1997) National Narcotics Board Law enforcement bodies Indonesian National Police Drug use addressed in last National HIV/AIDS Plan Yes Possession of N&S unlawful Officially, injecting equipment related to illicit drug use is confiscated . Needles and syringes are to be provided or distributed only with a government permit . Harm reduction Has been gathering momentum in recent years but only 5–10% of all drug users in the country have access to any form of harm reduction . Needle and syringe programs (NSPs) Despite a small number of NSPs, effort for adequately scaled distribution of clean needles to IDUs is not yet sanctioned by national authorities . Peer-based approaches Yes (limited) Supply reduction The primary aim of the National Narcotics Board is to prevent and control drug use, particularly among Indonesian youth, and to protect the general public from the harmful consequences of drug use and illicit drug trafficking . Crop eradication Crop eradication (cannabis) has been undertaken periodically in Aceh; however, this has been postponed since the mid- 1990s due to various security constraints in this region . Demand reduction School-based drug prevention education programs and government-sponsored programs to mobilise communities for drug prevention . Treatment and rehabilitation for drug users remain a focus for the government and NGO sector, but demand for assistance is vast: there is only one government hospital in the country that specialises in treatment for those with substance-related disorders . Treatment Various drug treatment approaches have been implemented including medical detoxification, therapeutic communities, substitution programs, residential chemical dependency programs, and recently the introduction of drug treatment into correctional and detention centres . All government mental hospitals, teaching and general hospitals need to provide 10% of their bed capacity for drug users . There has been a surge in the number of privately owned treatment centres . Voluntary or self-referral Yes Compulsory No Methadone for No detoxification Substitution therapy Yes (limited) Most common type Medical detoxification and therapeutic communities of treatment provided Primary prevention Yes School-based education Yes Community education Yes 31 Country summaries: Indonesia
Situational analysis of illicit drug issues and responses in the Asia–Pacific region 32 2 .5 .7 Australia’s involvement Project title Donor Implementing agency Duration Project focus Start/end year Budget $US Geographical areas Five liaison officers AFP Bali (1), Jakarta (4) MOU with Indonesian National Police Transnational Crime Coordination Centre Indonesia Australia Specialised Training Project, Phase 2 Indonesia HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Project, Phase 2 HIV Prevention among Vulnerable Groups 2 .5 .8 International involvement AFP June 2002 AFP Intelligence sharing and investigation capacity AusAID Training — to strengthen good governance Oct 1999 – Dec 2004 (completed) $1,313,000 AusAID CHR HIV/AIDS 2002–2007 $34,000,000 AusAID HIV July 2004 – June 2005 Project title Donor Implementing agency Duration Project focus Start/end year Budget $US Geographical areas Harm Reduction Advocacy in Indonesia USAID — Family Health International Centre for Harm Reduction/AHRN Indonesia 3 years Advocacy and technical assistance $46,000 33 Country summaries: Indonesia
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Illicit Drug use in the Asia Pacific Region - Burnet Institute

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