Illicit Drug use in the Asia Pacific Region - Burnet Institute

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Situational analysis of illicit drug issues and responses in the Asia–Pacific region 146 and operated by the Department of Health . Maintenance entails a dose each day, with the price remaining stable for many years at HK$1 (US$0 .13) . The operating times of the service are extensive: six operate as full day clinics from 7am to 10pm, while the rest operate in the evening from 6pm to 10pm . They operate seven days a week, all year round and, during typhoons, a system is in place to service clients in predetermined central locations . There are generally no nurses employed at these clinics, with the dispensing of methadone left to trained Auxiliary Medical Services, mainly volunteers who work in these sites for a modest hourly payment . No take-home medication is permitted and there is no ‘waiting list’ for methadone since the program was implemented . The methadone program has a high coverage and services 7000–9000 drug users on a daily basis with up to 98 per cent on maintenance . In 2003, the average daily attendance was 7056, while in 2000 it was 6501 (Ch’ien, Lee & Stadlin, 2002; Lee, 2004a; Narcotics Division, 2001, 2004c; Newman, 2004) . In 2004, universal voluntary HIV screening using urine specimen commenced with an aim to cover at least 75 per cent of all registered drug users (Lee, 2004b) . As of 2005 it has been reported by the Hong Kong Government that there will be a HK$7 .67 million allocation from the Beat Drugs Fund for 20 anti-drug projects in the 2005–06 funding exercise, bringing the total number of projects sponsored to 289 and the funds dis- bursed to HK$133 .76 million since the fund’s establishment in 1996 . Of the 20 projects approved, 12 are related to preventive education and publicity (HK$476 .7 million), three to treatment and rehabilitation (HK$678,380), one to research (HK$120,000), and four to mixed-type projects (HK$2,103,364) . The mixed-type projects, preventive education and publicity-related projects cover activities targeting high-risk youths, parents, teachers and youth workers as well as families with children with disabilities, single parents, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups (Hong Kong Government, 2005) . Other responses School-based education The Narcotics Division works with ACAN, NGOs and government bodies to reach young people with anti-drug messages . In the 2002–2003 school year anti-drug talks were delivered to over 100,000 students . Drug education programs are provided to primary and secondary school students, as well as students at the English School Foundation, international schools and the Hong Kong Institute for Vocational Education . The focus of the program covers common drugs of use, harmful effects, reasons for drug use and refusal skills . In 2004, there were 13 programs for over 4000 parents and 73 programs for youth and people at the workplace (Narcotics Division, 2004e; United States Department of State, Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, 2004a) . Community development In 2003, community organisations conducted 20 anti-drug projects funded by government . A 24-hour, anti-drug abuse hotline provides information on how to manage abuse by young people in association with drug use, as well as information about preventive education, treatment and rehabilitation services provided by government and voluntary agencies . The Hong Kong Jockey Club ‘Drug InfoCentre’, open since 2004, is a permanent education centre dedicated to drug prevention . The objective of the Centre is to educate the public about drugs, the harms caused and methods of prevention . Numerous anti-drug publicity campaigns are held throughout the year using the medium of television, radio and advertisements . Each year on 26 June Hong Kong holds the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking (Cheong, 2004; Narcotics Division, 2004c, 2004e) . 147 Country profiles: Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region, China)
Situational analysis of illicit drug issues and responses in the Asia–Pacific region 148 A4 .7 References Aceijas, C ., Stimson, G ., Hickman, M . and Rhodes, T . (2004) . Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users . AIDS 18: 2295–2303 . Ahmad, Khabir (2002) . Increased use of amphetamine type stimulants threatens east Asia countries . The Lancet 359 (1 June): 9321 . Benitez, M . (2002) . Hong Kong experts help to tackle mainland China’s growing HIV/AIDS problem . The Lancet 360 (14 December): 1950 . Chan, M . and Lee, S . (2004) . Can low HIV prevalence in Hong Kong be maintained? AIDS Education and Prevention 16 (Supplement A (June)): 18–26 . Cheong, A . (2004) . Drug Education Programs for Schools of Non-Chinese Speaking Children for the 2004–2005 School Year . Hong Kong: Hong Kong Government Information Centre . Cheung, Y . and Ch’ien, J . (1996) . Drug use and drug policy in Hong Kong: changing patterns and new challenges . 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Illicit Drug use in the Asia Pacific Region - Burnet Institute

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