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Declarations We declare that we have acted as supervisors for this Pierre André Swart, student number 207519473 during this PhD study entitled Propagation of Romulea species. Regular consultation took place between the student and ourselves throughout the investigation. We advised to the best of our ability and approved the final document for submission to the Faculty of Science and Agriculture Higher Degrees Office for examination by the University appointed Examiners. Professor J. van Staden Supervisor Doctor M.G. Kulkarni Co-supervisor Doctor M.W. Bairu Co-supervisor Professor J.F. Finnie Co-supervisor ix
Declarations DETAILS OF CONTRIBUTION TO PUBLICATIONS that form part and/or include research presented in this thesis: PUBLICATION 1: ASCOUGH, G. D., SWART, P. A., FINNIE, J. F., and VAN STADEN, J. (2011). Micropropagation of Romulea minutiflora, Sisyrinchium laxum and Tritonia gladiolaris — Iridaceae with ornamental potential. South African Journal of Botany 77: 216-221. I supplied the data on micropropagation of Romulea minutiflora and some editorial help. Dr. Ascough supplied all other data and did all other editing, as he is the first author. Prof. Finnie and Prof. van Staden were our co-supervisor and supervisor respectively at the time of this project. PUBLICATION 2: SWART, P. A., KULKARNI, M.G., BAIRU, M.W., FINNIE, J. F., and VAN STADEN, J. (2012). Micropropagation of Romulea sabulosa. Scientia Horticulturae 135: 151-156. All the data and text of this paper I generated myself, Dr. Kulkarni, Dr. Bairu and Prof. Finnie were my co-supervisors and Prof. van Staden was my supervisor and they therefore supplied some editorial help. PUBLICATION 3: SWART, P. A., KULKARNI, M.G., FINNIE, J. F., and VAN STADEN, J. (2011). Germination physiology of four African Romulea species. Seed Science and Technology 39: 354-363. All the data and text of this paper I generated myself, Dr. Kulkarni and Prof. Finnie were my co-supervisors and Prof. van Staden was my supervisor and they therefore supplied some editorial help. Pierre André Swart x
Page 1 and 2: Propagation of Romulea species Pier
Page 3 and 4: Contents 2.7 GERMINATION PHYSIOLOGY
Page 5 and 6: Contents 5.3.1 Explants from seedli
Page 7 and 8: Abstract The suitability of various
Page 9: Declarations I Pierre André Swart,
Page 13 and 14: Publications from this thesis ASCOU
Page 15 and 16: List of Figures Figure 2.13: Suther
Page 17 and 18: was significantly different from th
Page 19 and 20: List of Tables Table 2.1: Names of
Page 21 and 22: List of Abbreviations 2,4-D 2,4-Dic
Page 23 and 24: Die vlakhaas spits sy oor hy het di
Page 25 and 26: As die mens dan ook so sy dankbaarh
Page 27 and 28: Introduction where a great number o
Page 29 and 30: Introduction The subgenera Romulea
Page 31 and 32: 2 Literature review Leef van daad e
Page 33 and 34: Literature review Figure 2.2: Life
Page 35 and 36: Literature review Figure 2.4: Life
Page 37 and 38: Literature review The plants are sh
Page 39 and 40: Literature review flowers (DE VOS,
Page 41 and 42: Literature review often found on cl
Page 43 and 44: Literature review flowers of R. lei
Page 45 and 46: Literature review flattened upper s
Page 47 and 48: 2.2.16 Romulea tabularis Literature
Page 49 and 50: Literature review extinct, R. papyr
Page 51 and 52: Literature review R. leipoldtii occ
Page 53 and 54: Literature review Figure 2.8: Calvi
Page 55 and 56: Literature review Figure 2.14: Fras
Page 57 and 58: Figure 2.20: Nieuwoudtville weather
Page 59 and 60: Literature review Figure 2.26: Grah
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Literature review Figure 2.29: Diag
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Literature review Figure 2.30: A te
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Literature review Macronutrients ca
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Literature review The soils of the
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Literature review The embryo is the
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Literature review Phase 2 is seen a
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Literature review endogenous gibber
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Literature review tolerable level (
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Literature review these channels pe
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Literature review 2.8.7 Seed dorman
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Literature review the embryo (COPEL
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Literature review germinated under
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Literature review (COPELAND, 1976).
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2.9 BRIEF REVIEW OF IN VITRO CULTUR
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Literature review (DEBERGH, 1994).
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Literature review PIERIK (1997) sta
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Literature review The distinguishin
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Literature review The essential fun
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2.9.3.4 Abscisic acid Literature re
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Table 2.6: Example of a matrix to e
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Literature review Young embryos req
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Literature review and the addition
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Literature review organ is then pro
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Literature review environmental str
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2.11 IN VITRO FLOWERING Literature
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Literature review higher regenerati
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Subfamily Ixioideae (continued) Tri
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Literature review Table 2.8: Corm i
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3 Investigation into the habitat of
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Soil sampling and analysis The firs
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Soil sampling and analysis Table 3.
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4 Germination physiology 4.1 INTROD
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4.2.2 Water content and imbibition
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Germination physiology (-N), phosph
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Germination physiology rosea seeds
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Germination physiology Figure 4.4:
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Germination (%) 50 40 30 20 10 0 77
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Germination (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 c
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Germination physiology The relative
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Germination physiology seeds of R.
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5.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro
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In vitro culture initiation and mul
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5.2.3 Explant comparison In vitro c
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5.4 DISCUSSION In vitro culture ini
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6 In vitro corm formation and flowe
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In vitro corm formation and floweri
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6.3 RESULTS 6.3.1 Corm formation In
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Commercialization potential of Romu
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Commercialization potential of Romu
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BASKIN, C. C., and BASKIN, J. M. (1
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Literature cited DOWLING, P. M., CL
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Literature cited HILTON-TAYLOR, C.
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Literature cited KUMAR, A., SOOD, A
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Literature cited PIERIK, R. L. M. (
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Literature cited STEINITZ, B., COHE
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