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Literature cited MARION-POLL, A. (1997). ABA and seed development. TRENDS in Plant Science 2: 447-448. MARSCHNER, H. (1995). Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Second ed. Academic Press Ltd., London. MAYER, A. M. (1977). Metabolic control of germination In: The physiology and biochemistry of seed dormancy and germination. Eds: Khan, A.A. North-Holland, New York, pp. 357-384. MCALISTER, B. G., JÄGER, A. K., and VAN STADEN, J. (1998). Micropropagation of Babiana spp. South African Journal of Botany 64: 88-90. MEEKLAH, F. A. (1958). Chemical aids to pasture renovation. Proceedings of 20th Conference of the New Zealand Grassland Association, pp. 116–119. MEYER, H. J., and VAN STADEN, J. (1988). In vitro multiplication of Ixia flexuosa. Horticultural Science 23: 1070-1071. MILLER, H. P., and PERRY, R. A. (1968). Preliminary studies on the establishment of Townsville Lucerne (Stylosanthes humilis) in uncleared native pasture at Katherine N.T. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 8: 26–32. MINEO, L. (1990). Plant tissue culture techniques In: Tested studies for laboratory teaching. Eds: Goldman, C.A.11 ABLE, Pennsylvania, pp. 151-174. MINORSKY, P. V. (2002). The Hot and the Classic. Plant Physiology 128: 1167–1168. MURASHIGE, T., and SKOOG, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 472-497. NIEDERWIESER, J. G., KLEYNHANS, R., and HANCKE, F. L. (2002). Development of a new flower bulb crop in South Africa. Acta Horticulturae 570: 67-71. NOWAK, J., and PRUSKI, K. (2002). Priming tissue cultured propagules. Proceedings of a Technical Meeting organized by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna.69-82. PAGE, Y. M., and VAN STADEN, J. (1985). In vitro propagation of Dierama latifolium. Horticultural Science 20: 1049-1050. PENG, J., and HARBERD, N. P. (2002). The role of GA-mediated signalling in the control of seed germination. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 5: 376–381. PHILLIPS, G. C., HUSTENBERGER, J. F., and HANSEN, E. E. (1995). Plant regeneration by organogenesis from callus and cell suspension cultures In: Plant cell, tissue and organ culture: Fundamental methods. Eds: Gamborg, O.L. and Phillips, G.C. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 35-42. 163
Literature cited PIERIK, R. L. M. (1997). In Vitro Culture of Higher Plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. PLESSNER, O., ZIV, M., and NEGBI, M. (1990). In vitro corm production in the saffron crocus (Crocus sativus L.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 20: 89-94. PONTING, M. (2006). Wild flowers of the Cape and Namaqualand. Tour Report. Naturetrek, England. RAGHAVAN (1976). Experimental embryogenesis in vascular plants. Experimental Botany (Sutcliffe, J.F.).(eds), 10. 10 vols. Academic Press, London. RAIMONDO, D., VON STADEN, L., FODEN, W., VICTOR, J. E., HELME, N. A., TURNER, R. C., KAMUNDI, D. A., and MANYAMA, P. A. (2009). Red List of South African Plants 2009. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. REED, S. M. (2005). Embryo rescue In: Plant development and biotechnology. Eds: Trigiano, R.N. and Gray, D.J. CRC Press, New York, pp. 235-239. REEVES, G., CHASE, M. W., GOLDBLATT, P., RUDALL, P., FAY, M. F., COX, A. V., LEJEUNE, B., and SOUZA-CHIES, T. (2001). Molecular systematics of Iridaceae: Evidence from four plastid DNA Regions. American Journal of Botany 11: 2074–2087. REINTEN, E., and COETZEE, J. H. (2002). Commercialization of South African indigenous crops: Aspects of research and cultivation of products In: Trends in New Crops and New Uses. Eds: Janick, J. and Whipkey, A. ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA, pp. 76-80. REMOTTI, P. C., and LÖFFLER, H. J. M. (1995). Callus induction and plant regeneration from gladiolus. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 42: 171-178. ROBERTS, A. V., SMITH, E. F., and MOTTLEY, J. (1990). The preparation of micropropagated plantlets for transfer to soil without acclimatization In: Plant cell and tissue culture. Eds: Pollard, J.W.VI VI vols Humana Press, Clifton, pp. 227- 236. SARAH, P. (2004). Soil sodium and potassium adsorption ratio along a Mediterranean– arid transect. Journal of Arid Environments 59: 731–741. SARASAN, V., CRIPPS, R., RAMSAY, M. M., ATHERTON, C., MCMICHEN, M., PRENDERGAST, G., and ROWNTREE, J. K. (2006). Conservation in vitro of threatened plants: Progress in the past decade In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology 42: 206-214. SCHWARTZ, O. J., SHARMA, R. A., and BEATY, R. M. (2004). Propagation from nonmeristematic tissues: Organogenesis In: Plant development and 164
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Propagation of Romulea species Pier
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Contents 2.7 GERMINATION PHYSIOLOGY
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Contents 5.3.1 Explants from seedli
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Abstract The suitability of various
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Declarations I Pierre André Swart,
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Declarations DETAILS OF CONTRIBUTIO
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Publications from this thesis ASCOU
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List of Figures Figure 2.13: Suther
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was significantly different from th
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List of Tables Table 2.1: Names of
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List of Abbreviations 2,4-D 2,4-Dic
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Die vlakhaas spits sy oor hy het di
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As die mens dan ook so sy dankbaarh
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Introduction where a great number o
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Introduction The subgenera Romulea
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2 Literature review Leef van daad e
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Literature review Figure 2.2: Life
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Literature review Figure 2.4: Life
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Literature review The plants are sh
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Literature review flowers (DE VOS,
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Literature review often found on cl
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Literature review flowers of R. lei
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Literature review flattened upper s
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2.2.16 Romulea tabularis Literature
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Literature review extinct, R. papyr
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Literature review R. leipoldtii occ
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Literature review Figure 2.8: Calvi
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Literature review Figure 2.14: Fras
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Figure 2.20: Nieuwoudtville weather
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Literature review Figure 2.26: Grah
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Literature review Figure 2.29: Diag
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Literature review Figure 2.30: A te
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Literature review Macronutrients ca
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Literature review The soils of the
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Literature review The embryo is the
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Literature review Phase 2 is seen a
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Literature review endogenous gibber
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Literature review tolerable level (
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Literature review these channels pe
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Literature review 2.8.7 Seed dorman
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Literature review the embryo (COPEL
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Literature review germinated under
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Literature review (COPELAND, 1976).
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2.9 BRIEF REVIEW OF IN VITRO CULTUR
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Literature review (DEBERGH, 1994).
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Literature review PIERIK (1997) sta
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Literature review The distinguishin
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Literature review The essential fun
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2.9.3.4 Abscisic acid Literature re
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Table 2.6: Example of a matrix to e
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Literature review Young embryos req
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Literature review and the addition
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Literature review organ is then pro
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Literature review environmental str
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2.11 IN VITRO FLOWERING Literature
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Literature review higher regenerati
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Subfamily Ixioideae (continued) Tri
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Literature review Table 2.8: Corm i
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3 Investigation into the habitat of
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Soil sampling and analysis The firs
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Soil sampling and analysis Table 3.
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4 Germination physiology 4.1 INTROD
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4.2.2 Water content and imbibition
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Germination physiology (-N), phosph
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Germination physiology rosea seeds
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Germination physiology Figure 4.4:
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Germination (%) 50 40 30 20 10 0 77
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Germination (%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 c
Page 137 and 138: Germination physiology The relative
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Page 141 and 142: 5.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro
Page 143 and 144: In vitro culture initiation and mul
Page 145 and 146: 5.2.3 Explant comparison In vitro c
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Page 163 and 164: 6 In vitro corm formation and flowe
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Page 167 and 168: 6.3 RESULTS 6.3.1 Corm formation In
Page 177 and 178: Commercialization potential of Romu
Page 179 and 180: Commercialization potential of Romu
Page 181 and 182: BASKIN, C. C., and BASKIN, J. M. (1
Page 183 and 184: Literature cited DOWLING, P. M., CL
Page 185 and 186: Literature cited HILTON-TAYLOR, C.
Page 187: Literature cited KUMAR, A., SOOD, A
Page 191 and 192: Literature cited STEINITZ, B., COHE
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