Growth model of the reared sea urchin Paracentrotus ... - SciViews

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Table 7. Statistical analysis of the size frequency distribution of single cohorts of P. lividus at different ages. Age (months) 1 6 12 18 24 30 Fertilization Fa Fb Fb Fb Fb Fb treatment Killed 7d. after metamorphosis Same cohort of reared echinoids followed in controlled conditions General descriptive statistics on size frequencies (individual horizontal test diameter in mm) Number of individuals 296 536 361 296 285 280 Median 0.501 4 15 23 31 36 Mean 0.497 4.81 17.1 24.6 32.3 36.9 Standard deviation 0.056 2.28 5.51 6.98 6.12 5.56 Skewness -0.275 0.748 0.851 0.599 0.136 0.042 Kurtosis 0.226 -0.044 0.373 0.094 -0.024 0.139 Intrinsic goodness of fit test to a normal curve (Kolmogorov-Smirnov / Lilliefors) Maximum difference 0.046 0.172 0.125 0.097 0.077 0.064 Probability 0.127 ** 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.011 * Intrinsic goodness of fit to a log-normal curve (Kolmogorov-Smirnov / Lilliefors) Maximum difference 0.068 0.130 0.075 0.064 0.059 0.095 Probability 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.018 * 0.000 Components analysis by the graphical Bhattacharya's method Number of modes 1 2 3 or 4 2 3 or 4 1 or 2 Groups clearly separated - - 2 2 2 - Characterization of the groups (maximum-likelihood estimator method, NORMSEP) (minimal number of groups giving a χ 2 probability > 0.05) Number of groups - 2 3 2 3 1 χ 2 value - 8.41 14.50 21.44 24.48 26.71 Probability - 0.077 ** 0.488 ** 0.554 ** Part III: Experimental studies of the intraspecific competition 0.140 ** 0.181 ** Mean of group 1 3.43 13.3 23.1 18.4 36.9 SD group 1 1.15 2.49 5.39 1.82 5.56 Percentage in 1 58.2 53.2 91.3 2.3 100 No. of ind. in 1 312 192 269 7 280 Mean of group 2 6.73 20.2 39.6 27.7 SD group 2 2.07 3.61 1.97 2.54 Percentage in 2 41.8 41.7 8.7 34.4 No. of ind. in 2 224 151 26 98 Mean of group 3 31.2 35.3 SD group 3 1.34 5.00 Percentage in 3 5.1 63.3 No. of ind. in 3 18 179 * Fitting is significant (p > 0.01); ** Fitting is very significant (p > 0.05). After 24 months, the individuals forming the head seem to be caught up by the mean sized ones. However, some individuals do not follow this general movement, and a tail remains amounting to 2.7% of the total population. The shape of the distribution is completely changed: skewness decreases (0.136) and the whole distribution matches possibly a lognormal one (Kolmogorov-Smirnov / Lilliefors, p > 0.01). 119
Nber of ind. 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Test diameter (mm) 6 months old Part III: Experimental studies of the intraspecific competition 18 months old 12 months old 30 months old 24 months old Figure 22. Evolution of a single cohort of P. lividus (Fb) reared in stable environmental conditions according to time. After 30 months, the latecomers forming the tail catch up the mean sized ones, and the distribution loses its significant multimodal shape. The shape becomes symmetrical: low skewness of 0.042 and approach a normal curve (0.01 the ratio 10% larger / 10% smaller drops to 1.8 in size and to 5.3 in wet weight. Effect of size sorting on juveniles’ growth Figure 23 and Table 8 show the initial and final size distributions of the four Fc size-sorted batches. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov / Lilliefors test applied on each distribution showed that 2 cases out of the 4 did not match a Gaussian curve (p < 0.01). Since extremes were eliminated before the experiment began (only mean-sized individuals were used), non normality in the distribution of the whole cohort is not due to the spreading of these extremes, producing "head" and "tail" classes, but could be the 120
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U L B bio mar UNIVERSITE LIBRE DE B
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Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS W
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Abstract ABSTRACT A rearing protoco
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Résumé RESUME Un protocole d'éle
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Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
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ANNEXES............................
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List of figures LIST OF FIGURES Fig
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List of figures Figure 28. A. Histo
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List of tables LIST OF TABLES Table
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List of equations LIST OF EQUATIONS
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List of equations Equation 33. Para
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List of symbols LIST OF SYMBOLS Var
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List of symbols IW Immersed weight:
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Introduction 27
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Foreword 30
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General introduction this study. Se
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General introduction intense fishin
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General introduction habitats: inte
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General introduction substrate to s
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General introduction mm (Spirlet et
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Growth models General introduction
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. The logistic function for asympto
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d. The von Bertalanffy curves Gener
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Y Y 1 Y• 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 General
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Y 1 Y• 0.8 0.6 Y•êH1+bL 0.4 0.
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YY 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 General introd
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Table 1. Models used to fit sea urc
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General introduction model 1 for Ec
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General introduction method used. I
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General introduction Experiments in
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Aim of the thesis 62
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PART I: SET UP OF AN EXPERIMENTAL R
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Land-based closed-cycle echinicultu
Page 70 and 71: Aquaculture of echinoderms, includi
Page 72 and 73: 6b. exploitation KCl water renewal
Page 74 and 75: earing cycle into seven stages is e
Page 76 and 77: (Grosjean et al, 1996, see Part III
Page 78 and 79: output. The quality of gametes is o
Page 80 and 81: average value of 19.5 days, a minim
Page 82 and 83: individuals were still alive 3 mont
Page 84 and 85: e. Discussion show similar GI and M
Page 86 and 87: The success of the present method l
Page 88 and 89: Fenaux (1990) for the same species
Page 90 and 91: encountered with food is its stabil
Page 92 and 93: to Christine Spirlet (ref. ERB 4001
Page 94: PART II Measurement for size in the
Page 97 and 98: Part II: Measurement for size in th
Page 99 and 100: Few studies have compared and discu
Page 101 and 102: d. Results and discussion The ambit
Page 103 and 104: Reproducibility of measurements The
Page 105 and 106: e. Conclusions fresh weight! Cautio
Page 107 and 108: principal axis 3 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2
Page 109 and 110: a relative homogeneous growth of al
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Page 113 and 114: Part III: Experimental studies of t
Page 115 and 116: assumption of normality can be test
Page 117 and 118: occurred. From this moment on, and
Page 119: d. Results Size distribution among
Page 123 and 124: Table 9. Statistics on the six batc
Page 125 and 126: Table 10. Size distribution of Fe e
Page 127 and 128: purpuratus; Dafni & Tobol, 1987: Tr
Page 129 and 130: Nbr. of ind. Nbr. of ind. A. Size d
Page 131 and 132: Nbr. of ind. Nbr. of ind. Nbr. d'in
Page 133 and 134: Part III: Experimental studies of t
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Page 137 and 138: Part IV: A growth model with intras
Page 139 and 140: . Introduction fuzzy-remanent funct
Page 141 and 142: considered factor on the curve's sh
Page 143 and 144: Diameter D 20 in mm Diameter D in m
Page 145 and 146: d. Results Theoretical consideratio
Page 147 and 148: some two-dimensional processes like
Page 149 and 150: implements this method ('nlrq' pack
Page 151 and 152: value just after metamorphosis (D0,
Page 153 and 154: quantifies maximum speed growth, k2
Page 155 and 156: Table 12. Results of quantile regre
Page 157 and 158: This way, one obtains a 4-parameter
Page 159 and 160: individuals related to the presence
Page 161 and 162: Finally, ∆D∞ should follow a no
Page 163 and 164: 60 Diameter increase D' in mm 40 20
Page 165 and 166: e. Discussion Fig. 34B shows three
Page 167 and 168: Constraining parameters as we did i
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this species. For other species, wh
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ecapture, McDonald & Pitcher, 1979;
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∆D∞ D0 +∆D∞ − D0 +∆D∞
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evaluated on basis of biological kn
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ain conceptualizes complex objects.
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180
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General conclusions individuals, wh
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Root models: y’ = ay m -by n (exp
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General conclusions - The diauxic g
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General conclusions model not on a
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References Baker, T.T., R. Lafferty
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References Dafni, J. & R. Tobol, 19
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References Ebert, T.A., 1999. Plant
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References intermedius on a rocky s
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References Guillou, M. & Ch. Michel
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References Kobayashi, S. & J. Taki,
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References McDonald, P.D. & T.J. Pi
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References Pouvreau, S., C. Bacher
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References Sellem, F., H. Langar &
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References Stumm, W. & J.J. Morgan,
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References Webster, S.K. & A.C. Gie
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212
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Annexes 214
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# If no graphic device currently op
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lines(edatq[, 1], predict(edat.025,
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SimRes
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Annexes Code of functions required
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plot(cumsum(dat[,columns[1]])/sum(d
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for the CI!!! Annexes SEMean
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} Annexes # - y, a vector of classe
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plot(x, y, type="l", col=col, lty=l
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} Annexes } results[i, 1:5]
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} .value Annexes dimnames(.grad)
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#{ # # This is adapted from SSasymp
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Exp.ival
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SSallo
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.expr4
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.expr9
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. The 'nlrq' package for nonlinear
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nlrq.control package:nlrq R Documen
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gradSetArgs[[2]]), call("[", gradSe
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model.step
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Annexes 254
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Annexes 256
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Annexes metamorphosis. Acquisition
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Annexes ABSTRACT: The general allom
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Annexes libitum for 8, 16, 24, 32,
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Annexes EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The aim
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Annexes KEYWORDS: Somatic growth, d
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Annexes amount of waste produced at
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Annexes ABSTRACT: Multimodal distri
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Growth model of the reared sea urchin Paracentrotus ... - SciViews

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