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Growth model of the reared sea urchin Paracentrotus ... - SciViews

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f. Conclusions<br />

The new growth <strong>model</strong> with intraspecific competition is a very flexible<br />

one. It can accommodate different situations and has meaningful<br />

parameters that allow exploring and quantifying various aspects <strong>of</strong> growth.<br />

Using a quantile regression method, modified for envelope <strong>model</strong>ling, and<br />

constraining parameters ensures <strong>the</strong> meaning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> latter is saved into <strong>the</strong><br />

fitted <strong>model</strong>. It takes also individual variability into account. This is<br />

particularly useful to <strong>model</strong> growth <strong>of</strong> P. lividus and probably <strong>of</strong> many<br />

o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>sea</strong> <strong>urchin</strong>s species and o<strong>the</strong>r animals or plants. It is original in many<br />

aspects, including <strong>the</strong> way it was designed, by defuzzifying a fuzzy <strong>model</strong><br />

where most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r growth <strong>model</strong>s were built from <strong>the</strong>ir differential<br />

equations. It is a general 'transitional' growth <strong>model</strong>. By distinguishing<br />

'dimensional' and 'transitional' growth <strong>model</strong>s, a duality in sigmoidal<br />

growth curves comes to light. A preferred dimension for <strong>model</strong>ling growth<br />

seems to exist. It is linear in <strong>the</strong> case <strong>of</strong> P. lividus but it should be most<br />

interesting to check it for o<strong>the</strong>r species.<br />

A generalized von Bertalanffy growth <strong>model</strong>, which is both<br />

'dimensional' and 'transitional' and includes varying environmental effects<br />

on growth, thanks to <strong>the</strong> use <strong>of</strong> metabolic time, was proposed (eq. 42). It<br />

is, however, <strong>the</strong> visible tip <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> iceberg. Fuzzy sets and transitions<br />

(membership functions) can be combined in countless ways to create many<br />

o<strong>the</strong>r similar <strong>model</strong>s. In <strong>the</strong> present work, we studied <strong>model</strong>s deriving<br />

from von Bertalanffy 1 curve, because <strong>the</strong> latter seemed to be a good basis<br />

for describing growth <strong>of</strong> P. lividus. O<strong>the</strong>r <strong>model</strong>s incorporating an<br />

inhibition component or any o<strong>the</strong>r 'transitional' feature can be derived from<br />

o<strong>the</strong>r growth <strong>model</strong>s, including non-asymptotic ones, and would perhaps<br />

be more adapted for o<strong>the</strong>r species. We propose to call this family <strong>of</strong><br />

functions 'fuzzy-remanent' <strong>model</strong>s. From <strong>the</strong>ir fuzzy origin, <strong>the</strong>y keep<br />

nothing in appearance, but <strong>the</strong> biological meaning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir parameters is<br />

still <strong>the</strong>re. Recalling <strong>the</strong> fuzzy <strong>model</strong> <strong>the</strong>y come from, one has a much<br />

clearer idea <strong>of</strong> how various components –sets and membership functions–<br />

interact to produce <strong>the</strong> final result. Fuzzy logic is closer to <strong>the</strong> way human<br />

Part IV: A growth <strong>model</strong> with intraspecific competition<br />

177

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