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COPRINUS<br />
to ochraceous buff, hygrophanous, glabrous, or with silky white fibrils espe-<br />
cially at the margin, margin somewhat striate when moist, flesh thin, fragile,<br />
brownish, odor and taste mild, lamellae adnate-seceding, crowded, narrow,<br />
at first grayish brown, then purpHsh brown to dark brown, stipe 1-2^2 in. long,<br />
in. thick, equal, white, glabrous or somewhat fibrillose, somewhat<br />
Vs-Va<br />
pruinose at the apex, hollow, spHtting easily, spores purple-brown, ellipsoid,<br />
smooth, 4-6 X 2.5-3.5 )u.<br />
Cespitose to densely gregarious on very rotten wood. July-Sept.<br />
This is a fairly common species and usually occurs in large clusters on<br />
rotten wood. It is typical of a number of small, fragile, reddish brown species<br />
placed in this genus. They are difficult to identify accurately and must be<br />
studied microscopically. Kauffman hsted this species as suspected and, with the<br />
exception of P. candolleana above, this whole group is best avoided as food.<br />
PSATHYRELLA VELUTINA (Fr.) Sing. Edible<br />
Figure 389, page 285<br />
piLEUS 1 1/4-3 in. broad, convex to convex-campanulate, then plane and<br />
obtusely umbonate, tawny brown or yellowish brown, darker in center, hygro-<br />
phanous, fading to buff-brown, appressed-fibrillose, becoming fibrillose-scaly,<br />
margin not striate but often fringed or appendiculate from the veil, and spHt-<br />
ting. FLESH watery brownish, thick, odor and taste earthy, lamellae adnate,<br />
close to crowded, broad, at first yellowish, then dark purple-brown, the edges<br />
white-flocculose and beaded with drops of moisture in wet weather, stipe 1-3<br />
in. long, y%-Y^ in. thick, equal, fibrillose or somewhat floccose-scaly up to the<br />
annulus, whitish above, brownish below, hollow, annulus evanescent, fibril-<br />
lose, whitish at first, becoming blackish from the spores, spores dark purple-<br />
brown, ovoid-eUipsoid, rough, 9-12 X 7-8 ju-<br />
In clusters, scattered, or solitary, along roadsides or in the woods. July-<br />
Sept.<br />
The tendency for the lamellae to become beaded with drops of moisture is<br />
one of the noteworthy characters of this species which has also been known as<br />
Hypholoma lachrymabundum (Fr.) Quel. The rough spores are also a distin-<br />
guishing character.<br />
COPRINUS<br />
Species of the genus Coprinus are commonly known as 'inky caps' because<br />
the lamellae and often the flesh of the pileus dissolve into an inky fluid at<br />
maturity. This characteristic and the black color of the spore deposit are<br />
the principal distinguishing features of the genus.<br />
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