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" TJSE BRITISH SMUT FUNGI 77<br />
Ustilago hydropiperis (Schum.) Schroeter, 1877.<br />
Sphacelotheca hydropiperis (Schum.) de Bary, Vergl. Morph. Biol. Pilze, p. 187,<br />
1884.<br />
Sori in the flowers, replacing the ovaries and projecting from the perianths,<br />
each covered by a greyish false memljrane of globose to ^~.<br />
polygonal, hyaline or slightly tinted cells, mostly 8-14 but /^ SiU)<br />
up to 24 ju, diam., which disintegrates from the apex to<br />
expose the spores. Spore mass powdery, purplish black,<br />
surrounding an unbranched central columella which re- pjQ. 7. Sphacelotheca<br />
mains after the spores have been dispersed. Spores globose, hydropiperis. Spores.<br />
purplish, apparently smooth but when examined under an<br />
oil immersion objective seen to be abundantly verrucose, 10-14 fi diam. (Fig. 7).<br />
On Polygonum hydropiper.<br />
Sept.-Oct. Widespread. Common.<br />
Exsiccati: Cooke, Fungi Brit, exsicc., i, 58 (as U. utriculosa), 59; ii, 72; Vize,<br />
Micro. Fungi, 134.<br />
Spore germination. Schroeter (1887) described, but did not figure, germination.<br />
The promycelium became four-celled and formed eUiptical sporidia, which fused<br />
in pairs at the base. Brefeld (1895) figured germination of the same type but<br />
without the fusion of sporidia (Fig. 5 6). Boss (1927) also failed to find fusions.<br />
Infection of the host. Liro (1924) sowed, in the autumn, seeds of several species of<br />
Polygonum together with spores of this species. They were left covered with a<br />
thin layer of soil in the open until the following year. P. hydropiperis gave the<br />
highest infection in all experiments but P. persicaria and several other species<br />
were readily infected. Some species of Polygonum were immune. (See Liro,<br />
1924, p. 141.)<br />
Sphacelotheca inflorescentiae (Trel.) Jaap<br />
Uredo bistortarum y ustilaginea de Candolle, 1816 fide Liro, 1921.<br />
Ustilago bistortarum (DC.) Korn. var. inflorescentiae Trelease in Harriman<br />
Alaska Exped., Crypt. Bot., v, p. 35, 1904.<br />
Ustilago inflorescentiae (Trel.) Maire, July-Aug., 1907.<br />
Sphacelotheca polygoni-vivipari Schellenberg, Oct., 1907 [nom. nov. for U.<br />
bistortarum var. inflorescentiae]. •<br />
Sphacelotheca inflorescentiae (Trel.) Jaap, Ann. mycol., Berl., v, p. 194, 1908.<br />
Ustilago ustilaginea (DC.) Liro, 1921.<br />
Sphacelotheca ustilaginea (DC.) Ciferri, 1938.<br />
Sori in the bulbils of the inflorescence. Spore mass granular, purpUsh black,<br />
surrounding a short columefla of host tissue. Spores globose to ellipsoidal, violet<br />
to brownish violet, distinctly but minutely and densely verrucose, 11-16 /x diam.<br />
On Polygonum viviparum.<br />
Scotland: Ben Lui (June, 1914) and Ben Ledi (June, 1921), Perthshire (Malcolm<br />
Wilson, Trans. Brit, mycol., Soc, ix, p. 143, 1924).<br />
Spore germination,. Schellenberg (1907) has described and figured the germination.<br />
The promycelium has three to five cross-walls, seldom more, on which