Nurse's Pocket Guide

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DISCHARGE PLANNING • Identified long-term needs, noting who is responsible for each action. • Specific bowel program at time of discharge. SAMPLE NURSING OUTCOMES & INTERVENTIONS CLASSIFICATIONS (NOC/NIC) NOC—Bowel Continence NIC—Bowel Incontinence Care effective Breastfeeding [Learning Need]* Taxonomy II: Role Relationships—Class 3 Role Performance (00106) [Diagnostic Division: Food/Fluid] Submitted 1990 Definition: Mother-infant dyad/family exhibits adequate proficiency and satisfaction with breastfeeding process Related Factors Basic breastfeeding knowledge Normal breast structure Normal infant oral structure Infant gestational age greater than 34 weeks Support sources [available] Maternal confidence Defining Characteristics SUBJECTIVE Maternal verbalization of satisfaction with the breastfeeding process *This ND is diffficult to address, as the Related Factors and Defining Characteristics are in fact the outcome/evaluation criteria that would be desired. We believe that normal breastfeeding behaviors need to be learned and supported, with interventions directed at learning activities for enhancement. Information in brackets added by the authors to clarify and enhance the use of nursing diagnoses. Diagnostic Studies Pediatric/Geriatric/Lifespan Medications 127 effective BREASTFEEDING
effective BREASTFEEDING OBJECTIVE Mother able to position infant at breast to promote a successful latch-on response Infant content after feedings Regular and sustained suckling/swallowing at the breast [e.g., 8 to 10 times/24 hr] Appropriate infant weight patterns for age Effective mother/infant communication patterns [infant cues, maternal interpretation and response] Signs/symptoms of oxytocin release (let-down or milk ejection reflex) Adequate infant elimination patterns for age [stools soft; more than 6 wet diapers/day of unconcentrated urine] Eagerness of infant to nurse Desired Outcomes/Evaluation Criteria—Client Will: • Verbalize understanding of breastfeeding techniques. • Demonstrate effective techniques for breastfeeding. • Demonstrate family involvement and support. • Attend classes/read appropriate materials/access resources as necessary. Actions/Interventions NURSING PRIORITY NO.1.To assess individual learning needs: • Assess mother’s knowledge and previous experience with breastfeeding. • Identify cultural beliefs/practices regarding lactation, letdown techniques, maternal food preferences. • Note incorrect myths/misunderstandings especially in teenage mothers who are more likely to have limited knowledge and concerns about body image issues. • Monitor effectiveness of current breastfeeding efforts. • Determine support systems available to mother/family. Infant’s father and maternal grandmother, in addition to caring healthcare providers, are important factors in whether breastfeeding is successful. NURSING PRIORITY NO. 2.To promote effective breastfeeding behaviors: • Initiate breastfeeding within first hour after birth. • Demonstrate how to support and position infant. • Observe mother’s return demonstration. Information in brackets added by the authors to clarify and enhance the use of nursing diagnoses. 128 Cultural Collaborative Community/Home Care
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ACTIVITY/REST—Ability to engage i
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GORDON’S FUNCTIONAL HEALTH PATTER
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Nurse’s Pocket Guide Diagnoses, P
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F. A. Davis Company 1915 Arch Stree
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CONTRIBUTOR Sheila Marquez Executiv
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Health Conditions and Client Concer
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How to Use the Nurse’s Pocket Gui
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Medicine. Today, researchers from a
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CHAPTER 1 The Nursing Process Nursi
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her own care and the achievement of
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and psychology. A sense of caring,
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CHAPTER 2 Application of the Nursin
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Table 2-1. (Continued) Death Syndro
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Table 2-1. (Continued) Rape-Trauma
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could be used by nurses throughout
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from the diagnostic statement and a
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CHAPTER 3 Putting Theory into Pract
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documentation of the planning proce
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ADULT MEDICAL/SURGICAL ASSESSMENT T
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Heart sounds (auscultation): Rate:
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Last meal consumed/content: _______
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Cooperative: _____ Agitated/Restles
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Uses seat belt regularly: _______ B
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Social Interactions SUBJECTIVE (REP
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Areas that may require alteration/a
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Consistency of behavior: Verbal ___
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EXCERPT FROM PRENATAL ASSESSMENT TO
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EXCERPT FROM INTRAPARTAL ASSESSMENT
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SECTION 2 DIAGNOSTIC DIVISIONS: NUR
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Spiritual Distress, risk for Spirit
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Death Syndrome, risk for sudden inf
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SECTION 3 CLIENT SITUATION AND PROT
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Nailbeds: pink Conjunctiva and scle
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Eyes: Vision loss, farsighted, “S
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Extended family: 1 daughter lives i
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PLAN OF CARE FOR CLIENT WITH DIABET
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ACTIONS/INTERVENTIONS RATIONALE deh
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ACTIONS/INTERVENTIONS RATIONALE vas
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ACTIONS/INTERVENTIONS RATIONALE and
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ANOTHER APPROACH TO PLANNING CLIENT
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SECTION 4 DOCUMENTATION TECHNIQUES:
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Example 1. SAMPLE SOAP/IER CHARTING
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Example 2. SAMPLE OF FOCUS CHARTING
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Functional Level Classification (Go
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• Plan for maximal activity withi
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• Identify conditions/symptoms th
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Page 108 and 109: • Obtain lists of latex-free prod
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Page 122 and 123: • Provide information about the e
Page 124 and 125: • Ascertain availability/use of r
Page 126 and 127: Autonomic Dysreflexia Taxonomy II:
Page 128 and 129: urine flow if blocked; remove bowel
Page 130 and 131: MUSCULOSKELETAL—INTEGUMENTARY STI
Page 132 and 133: goosebumps; bradycardia; cardiac ir
Page 134 and 135: • Explore the expressions of emot
Page 136 and 137: IMPLEMENTATION/EVALUATION • Clien
Page 138 and 139: • Acknowledge self as an individu
Page 140 and 141: • Assume all individuals are sens
Page 142 and 143: Risk Factors Extremes of age/weight
Page 144 and 145: medication regimen with physician t
Page 146 and 147: impacted stool; severe diarrhea; de
Page 150 and 151: • Encourage skin-to-skin contact.
Page 152 and 153: Related Factors Prematurity; infant
Page 154 and 155: for more than 15 minutes on each si
Page 156 and 157: • Provide practice times at breas
Page 158 and 159: Maternal desire to maintain breastf
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Page 162 and 163: Related Factors Neuromuscular dysfu
Page 164 and 165: • Deal with fear/anxiety that may
Page 166 and 167: decreased Cardiac Output Taxonomy I
Page 168 and 169: of extremities, and progressive sho
Page 170 and 171: • Refer to NDs ineffective Tissue
Page 172 and 173: DISCHARGE PLANNING • Discharge co
Page 174 and 175: Defining Characteristics SUBJECTIVE
Page 176 and 177: • Identify relationship of caregi
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Page 180 and 181: Desired Outcomes/Evaluation Criteri
Page 182 and 183: Documentation Focus ASSESSMENT/REAS
Page 184 and 185: • Determine influence of cultural
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Page 188 and 189: Anatomical deficit (e.g., cleft pal
Page 190 and 191: NURSING PRIORITY NO. 2.To assist cl
Page 192 and 193: Documentation Focus ASSESSMENT/REAS
Page 194 and 195: professional interpreter who transl
Page 196 and 197: • Associate words with objects—
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OBJECTIVE Vacillation between alter
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• Promote opportunities for using
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• Demonstrate appropriate behavio
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DISCHARGE PLANNING • Long-term ne
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• Evaluate for exacerbation of ps
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Documentation Focus ASSESSMENT/REAS
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client. If the history reveals an i
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PLANNING • Plan of care and who i
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NURSING PRIORITY NO 2. To reduce/co
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Insufficient physical activity; abd
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• Determine laxative/enema use. N
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PLANNING • Plan of care/intervent
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IMPLEMENTATION/EVALUATION • Clien
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• Discuss usual elimination patte
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Related Factors EXTERNAL Chemical c
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Actions/Interventions In reviewing
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• Obtain/assist with diagnostic s
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• Recommend periodic inspection o
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Lack of breakdown of contaminants o
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• Recommend periodic inspection o
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• Specific actions and changes th
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• Assess information available to
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Rationalizes failures [Refuses or r
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• Promote involvement in activiti
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Actions/Interventions NURSING PRIOR
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DISCHARGE PLANNING • Ongoing need
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• Assess current functional capac
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• Discuss/review anticipated proc
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Defining Characteristics SUBJECTIVE
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involvement with caring for others/
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Adaptive tasks effectively addresse
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• Attainment/progress toward desi
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fewer infants die of SIDS when they
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SAMPLE NURSING OUTCOMES & INTERVENT
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• Refer to other resources, as ne
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• Note client’s comments about
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• Recommend that client (of any a
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CAREGIVER Mental retardation; sever
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children’s services, medical equi
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laxatives]; and enteral tube feedin
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• Discuss possible change in infa
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especially during times of stress,
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Related Factors Conflict among deci
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• Provide time for nonjudgmental
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• Be free of signs/symptoms of in
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VASCULAR (TISSUE PERFUSION) • Mon
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• Provide/review information abou
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• Assess/review client’s physic
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• Identify areas of imbalance or
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impaired Environmental Interpretati
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• Use touch judiciously. Tell cli
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IMPLEMENTATION/EVALUATION • Respo
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• Determine client’s medical, c
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• Observe individual’s general
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counseling, home care, sources for
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OBJECTIVE Feelings Repressed emotio
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• Provide information regarding e
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assigned tasks; stress-reduction be
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• Provide educational materials a
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today, such as biological, nuclear,
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• Refer to classes/support groups
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• Encourage use of assistive devi
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Related Factors Innate origin (e.g.
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• Modify procedures, if possible
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Related Factors To be developed Def
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(such as prevention of hyperglycemi
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Desired Outcomes/Evaluation Criteri
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NURSING PRIORITY NO. 5. To promote
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• Verbalize understanding of caus
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• Note amount/rate of fluid intak
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Offer fluids between meals and regu
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moist mucous membranes; individual
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• Results of laboratory test/diag
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NURSING PRIORITY NO.2.To evaluate d
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• Identify specific supplier for
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• Assess family/SO(s) support of
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NURSING PRIORITY NO.2.To determine
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• Support community efforts to st
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elated to socially sensitive issue
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choice to have another child or to
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• Assess status of relationships/
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Congenital/genetic disorders [e.g.,
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• Determine if child’s growth i
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delayed Growth and Development Taxo
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• Note chronological age, familia
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• Determine reasonable expectatio
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Inability to make appropriate judgm
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• Encourage socialization and per
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Expressed concern about current env
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• Pertinent cultural/religious be
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• Assess client/SO’s level of c
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• Identify cultural/spiritual val
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• Refer to other resources for as
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abdominal temperature monitoring ma
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onmental heat (e.g., proper clothin
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• Identify underlying cause/contr
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• Keep client quiet; handle gentl
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Immunization status Identification
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still exist and can be passed on to
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Defining Characteristics OBJECTIVE
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• Avoid aversive oral stimulation
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VESTIBULAR • Move and handle the
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Defining Characteristics OBJECTIVE
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• Demonstrate appropriate weight
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• Caregiver’s involvement in in
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• Provide for isolation, as indic
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measures to prevent pneumonia, woun
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• Demonstrate behaviors, lifestyl
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using smokeless tobacco, occurrence
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Risk Factors Disorientation; sensor
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• Assist with therapies/nursing a
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disorders, dementia, obesity, pregn
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• Encourage routine use of contin
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decreased Intracranial Adaptive Cap
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carina. Administer lidocaine intrat
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[Illnesses/trauma affecting body im
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• Assist client and SO(s) to ackn
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• Be alert to signs of avoidance.
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complex. Can arouse interest/limit
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• Determine motivation/expectatio
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Related Factors Lack of interest/mo
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improve balance and coordination ca
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NURSING PRIORITY NO. 3. To promote
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Parent/Caregiver Will: • Provide
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State Examination [MMSE]), to compl
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Related Factors Neuromuscular/muscu
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• Involve client/SO(s) in determi
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maintaining appliances/equipment. P
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vision deficits) are treated/being
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BIOPHYSICAL Biochemical disorders (
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• Encourage client to begin with
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• Assess ability to distinguish b
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maximize independence, allow client
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• Establish graduated goals or mo
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[Abnormal laboratory studies (e.g.,
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Appetite stimulants (e.g., wine), i
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• Caloric intake. • Individual
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• Discuss client’s view of self
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• Encourage buying personal items
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• Discuss use of non-food rewards
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Assist with/provide denture care wh
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Related Factors Injuring agents (bi
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• Note cultural and developmental
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• Evaluate emotional/physical com
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for all persons, encouraging client
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KNOWLEDGE Deficient knowledge about
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Parents with significant impairment
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voice, are indicative of attachment
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DISCHARGE PLANNING • Long-range n
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• Participate in activities, clas
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• Assess capillary return, skin c
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• Review results of laboratory te
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• Demonstrate ability to deal wit
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• Help child to express feelings
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ack to get her”; “Don’t call
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• Assist client to set realistic
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Moderate Dependence on others that
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• Develop contract with client sp
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Inadequate coping patterns Absence
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• Cultural values/religious belie
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DRUG THERAPIES, TREATMENTS, AND DIS
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[C] SILENT REACTION—(00141) Defin
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• Provide environment in which cl
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Difficulty adhering to prescribed r
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and practices, these influences wil
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NOTE: A risk diagnosis is not evide
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• Modifications to plan of care.
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(e.g., stomach aches, headaches, ba
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• Support self-responsibility and
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• Determine client role in family
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Self-Care Deficit: bathing/hygiene,
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• Note concomitant medical proble
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• Support client in making health
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nonverbal expressions is culturally
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• Develop therapeutic relationshi
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• Note nonverbal body language. I
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isk for situational low Self-Esteem
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often is an attempt to establish in
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allow feelings to be expressed, ind
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• Ambulate with assistance/device
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Related Factors Ineffectual/absent
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cause such as diabetes, vascular pr
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• Determine client’s interpreta
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impaired Skin Integrity Taxonomy II
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• Palpate skin lesions for size,
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daily maintenance. Enhances commitm
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• Advise regular use of sunscreen
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NURSING PRIORITY NO.2.To assist cli
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Sustained inadequate sleep hygiene;
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• Encourage client to develop pla
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impaired Social Interaction Taxonom
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• Evaluate possibility of client
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• Cultural/religious beliefs and
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• Identify blocks to social conta
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• Acknowledge reality of feelings
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• Encourage client/family to ask
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• Physical/emotional responses to
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• Ascertain substance use/abuse.
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eadiness for enhanced Spiritual Wel
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• Clarify reality/appropriateness
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• Allow client to react in own wa
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Risk Factors INTERNAL Reduced olfac
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• Develop plan with client/caregi
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Guilt Gay or lesbian youth DEMOGRAP
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it will help individual to resolve
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Related Factors Extensive/prolonged
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• Collaborate in treatment of com
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• Identify individually appropria
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• Instruct to chew food on unaffe
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[Added demands made on individual o
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• Use client’s locus of control
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OBJECTIVE Deficits in advocates for
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ineffective family Therapeutic Regi
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• Incorporate client’s cultural
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Distractibility; [altered attention
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NURSING PRIORITY NO. 4.To create th
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impaired Tissue Integrity Taxonomy
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Record size (depth, width), color,
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Mobility; disturbed visual Sensory
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Gastrointestinal Hypoactive/absent
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• Evaluate vital signs, noting ch
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• Administer medications (e.g., a
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• Provide preoperative teaching a
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Risk Factors INTERNAL Weakness; bal
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• Ascertain knowledge of safety n
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elieved by voiding and often recurs
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chronic urinary urge incontinence,
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Related Factors To be developed Def
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• Review with client/SO(s) the si
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• Determine if client is voluntar
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Related Factors Bladder outlet obst
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• Instruct client/SO(s) in clean
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• Measure amount of each voiding
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Risk Factors Effects of medications
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Practice timed voidings (e.g., ever
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Use condom catheter or other extern
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Recommend consciously delaying void
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• Assess for effects of psychotro
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• Promote maximal ventilation of
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• Discuss impact of specific acti
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Defining Characteristics MILD Subje
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determine if client can assume the
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Risk Factors/[Indicators]* HISTORY
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• Identify precipitating factors.
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NURSING PRIORITY NO.3.To assist cli
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that help client to engage in posit
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• Provide a structured daily rout
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CHAPTER 5 Health Conditions and Cli
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isk for ineffective Sexuality Patte
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disturbed Body Image may be related
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of others, destructive behaviors, i
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focus, alteration in muscle tone, p
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isk for Injury/Trauma: risk factors
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Anaphylaxis CH (Also refer to Shock
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isk for sedentary Lifestyle: risk f
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impaired Social Interaction/Social
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y limited range of motion, impaired
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Autistic disorder PED/PSY impaired
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are refuted or wishes denied, manic
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isk for deficient Fluid Volume: ris
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evidenced by expressions of boredom
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deficient Fluid Volume [isotonic] m
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impaired verbal [and/or written] Co
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(wasting), aversion to eating, repo
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fluid intake, possibly evidenced by
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aggressive feelings, lacking a sens
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feeling of abdominal/rectal fullnes
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abnormal breath sounds, ineffective
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taste sensation, lack of interest i
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personal resources, decreased energ
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y verbal expression of distress/unr
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Anxiety [specify level] may be rela
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and ineffective sucking/swallowing
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impaired Gas Exchange may be relate
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situational low Self-Esteem may be
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impaired physical Mobility may be r
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moving in direction of health-promo
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Guillain-Barré syndrome (acute pol
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Hemorrhoidectomy MS/CH acute Pain m
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ehaviors, narrowed focus, and auton
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Hyperactivity disorder PED/PSY defe
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isk for unstable blood Glucose: ris
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secondary defenses (e.g., decreased
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isk for Poisoning: risk factors may
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equired voice rest, possibly eviden
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alance, presence of multiple diseas
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Mastitis OB/GYN acute Pain may be r
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imbalanced Nutrition: risk for more
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Powerlessness/Hopelessness may be r
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acute Pain may be related to ischem
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isk for disorganized Infant Behavio
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Hyperthermia may be related to incr
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disturbed kinesthetic/tactile Senso
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negative self-appraisal in response
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ehaviors, self-focus, and autonomic
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evidenced by frequency, dysuria, ur
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ineffective Breathing Pattern may b
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decreased Cardiac Output may be rel
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changes (atelectasis, airway/alveol
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coping methods, multiple stressors
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increased metabolic rate, restlessn
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isk for deficient Fluid Volume: ris
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minimizes health status change, fai
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eadings, jugular vein distention, c
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Sprain of ankle or foot CH acute Pa
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distraction behaviors, self-focus,
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isk for Injury [tetany]: risk facto
Page 922 and 923:
impaired Skin/Tissue Integrity may
Page 924 and 925:
possibly evidenced by reports of he
Page 926 and 927:
Anxiety [specify level] may be rela
Page 928:
isk for Infection: risk factors may
Page 931 and 932:
Domain 4 Activity/Rest: The product
Page 933 and 934:
Domain 13 Growth/Development: Age-a
Page 935 and 936:
Enhanced: Improved in quality, valu
Page 937 and 938:
916 Books Bibliography Aacovou, I:
Page 939 and 940:
Lampe, S: Focus Charting, 7th ed. C
Page 941 and 942:
AORN latex guideline: 2004 standard
Page 943 and 944:
Carroll, P: Preventing nosocomial p
Page 945 and 946:
Frost, KL, and Topp, R: A physical
Page 947 and 948:
Jirovec, MM, Wyman, JF, and Wells,
Page 949 and 950:
McClave, SA, Lukan, JK, Lowen, JA,
Page 951 and 952:
Perry, A: Quality of life. Rehab Ma
Page 953 and 954:
Sommer, KD, and Sommer, NW: When yo
Page 955 and 956:
Adams, L: Working together: Paying
Page 957 and 958:
Cheshire, Jr., WP: Grey matters whe
Page 959 and 960:
Gardner, BM. (2002). Current approa
Page 961 and 962:
Keim, SM, and Kent, M: Nausea and v
Page 963 and 964:
National Coalition for Cancer Survi
Page 965 and 966:
Planned Parenthood: Sexual health-s
Page 967 and 968:
Von Wager, K: Identity crisis—The
Page 969 and 970:
ADD. See Attention deficit disorder
Page 971 and 972:
Breast (Continued) mastitis, 134 so
Page 973 and 974:
Compromised family (Continued) inef
Page 975 and 976:
E Eating disorders, 832 Eclampsia,
Page 977 and 978:
Hemothorax, 843 Hepatitis, acute vi
Page 979 and 980:
Infectious mononucleosis, 862 Infla
Page 981 and 982:
Myasthenia gravis, 864 Myeloma, mul
Page 983 and 984:
Postpartal cesarean birth, 811-812
Page 985 and 986:
Risk for delayed development, 256-2
Page 987 and 988:
Social isolation, 639-643 Social Po
Page 989:
Urolithiasis, 904 Uterine bleeding,
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