A Review of Highway Agencies in the South Asia Region

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A Review of Highway Agencies in the South Asia Region REFORM Dedicated Highway Police closely linked to highway agency Pakistan The Ministry of Communications is responsible for all land transport in Pakistan. The minister chairs the National Highway Council, which oversees and guides the National Highways Authority (NHA) (Table 2.7). Other representatives include ministries at the federal level and two external experts: one financial and one road construction. The National Highways Authority Act (2001) lays down the responsibilities of the NHA, whose scope includes national and strategic roads. The NHA is charged with the management and extension of this road network. While the extent of the network is defined by law, additional roads can be taken up by the NHA if it so desires. Figure 2.9 provides details on the institutional set up for the highway sector in Pakistan. Table 2.7: Description of the National Highways Authority in Pakistan National Highways Authority Funding by Government of Pakistan International donors, such as JICA, the World Bank and ADB Level of autonomy NHA is closely linked to the Government of Pakistan; federal politicians and senior government officials participate in the National Highway Council, which bears the ultimate responsibility. As such, the level of autonomy is classified as low Level of responsibility NHA is responsible for the implementation of projects and programs sanctioned by the Council, which it only partly designates itself. Therefore, the level of responsibility is low Level of accountability Accountability is low; information is limited. Objectives have rarely been quantified and performance is therefore difficult to assess Responsible Ministry Ministry of Communications Legal status Corporatized, as per National Highways Authority Act 2001 Phase of highway agency reform Separation of client and producer organizations Road ownership National highways are owned by NHA REFORM Relatively independent authority Sri Lanka Road transport is a shared responsibility between the national and provincial governments. ‘National transport’ falls within the scope of the national government. While provinces have their own organizations for the road sector, the Road Development Authority (RDA) (Table 2.8) is responsible for national road transport infrastructure and operates under the Ministry of Highways. The ministry is responsible for drafting policies and strategy for the sector, which are then implemented by the Authority (Figure 2.10). 2.4 Functions and Structure of Highway Agencies South Asia in General Highway agencies’ core competencies lie in areas such as technical (engineering), project development, maintenance and some aspects of project management (Figure 2.11). Even though many highway agencies retain the required skills for engineering design, detailed (design) work is frequently outsourced to consultants to achieve better quality and expediency. In emerging areas including financial engineering, structuring and management of public-private concessions, impact assessment and road safety management, lack of competency is increasingly becoming evident. 34
A Review of Highway Agencies in the South Asia Region Figure 2.9: Institutional set up of the highway sector in Pakistan at the national level Table 2.8: Description of the Road Development Authority in Sri Lanka Funding by Government Road Development Authority ADB (Road Sector Development Project) and the World Bank Level of autonomy All members as well as the Chairman of RDA are appointed by the Minister, which restricts the authority’s level of autonomy, classified as low Level of responsibility RDA is only responsible for national roads (class A and class B) that make up 11,700 km out of a total road network of 108,000 km. The Council proposes which projects are to be undertaken by RDA; therefore classified as low Level of accountability As a separate Authority, the level of accountability should be medium, as a clear responsibility and targets could be assigned Responsible Ministry RDA falls under the responsibility of the Ministry of Highways and Roads Development Legal status Corporatized Phase of highway agency reform Separation of client and producer functions with the introduction of a Road Board Road ownership Class A and Class B roads are owned by the national government Class C, Class D and Class E roads are owned by the provincial governments 35
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7k Expenditure on R&D, technology a
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land management f) Environment impa
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Transport Division Transport, Water
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