A Review of Highway Agencies in the South Asia Region

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A Review of Highway Agencies in the South Asia Region Table A3: Computation of SPI Step 1: The analysis should include all such projects which were in progress at the beginning of the previous FY and were completed at the end of the previous FY but exclude such projects whose original contract cost was less than `500 million. Step 2: All such projects (from Step 1) should be divided into two categories: (a) Projects whose original contract cost is more than `500 million and less than `1,000 million b) Project whose original contract cost is more than `1,000 million Step 3: These two categories would be further divided into three: (a) Projects which were completed with a time overrun of 30 percent or less (b) Project which were completed with a time overrun of more than 30 percent but less than 50 percent (c) Projects which were completed with a time overrun of more than 50 percent An illustrated example is presented in Table A3 to calculate the SPI. Category of Projects Projects Weighted Projects Weighted Score (>`500 m`1000 m) (%) (%) Projects completed with x 1 1.0 y 1 1.0 time overrun of 30% or less Projects completed with x 2 0.6 y 2 0.5 time overrun of more than 30% but less than 50% Projects with cost x 3 0.1 y 3 0.1 overrun more than 50% Total (100%) (100%) ( x x 1.0 + y x 1.0) + ( x x 0.6 + y x 0.5) + ( x x 0.1 + y x 0.1) 1 1 2 2 3 3 SPI = 2 The SPI value ranges from a maximum of 100 to a minimum of 10. Indicator 20: Network Congestion Indices The highway agency is expected to carry out regular traffic volume counts on the CRN twice a year and seven days at a time. Besides such counts, the agency may also establish a few permanent traffic count stations for round-the-clock automatic traffic counts. The Network Congestion Index indicator is intended to capture the level of congestion in terms of volume divided by capacity (v/c) ratio. The level of service (LOS) concept from the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) of the USA is adopted/adapted in several countries including South Asia. LOS reflects operating conditions in terms of traffic performance relating to speed, travel time, freedom to manoeuver, traffic interruptions, comfort and convenience. Six levels of service are usually followed. Traffic performance for each LOS is: LOS A = Free Flow LOS B = Reasonably Free Flow 82
A Review of Highway Agencies in the South Asia Region LOS C = Stable Flow LOS D = Approaching Unstable Flow LOS E = Unstable Flow (Maximum Capacity) LOS F = Forced or Breakdown Flow In India, for example, a similar concept is followed and LOS ‘B’ is prescribed for design capacity of major arterial routes and LOS ‘C’ for other roads. China follows a system of levels 1 to 4. For Class I highways, level 2 is adopted and this corresponds closely to LOS ‘C’ of USA’s HCM. Of late, PPP projects for four-laning in India follow a design based on LOS ‘B’; however, a holding service volume corresponding to LOS ‘C’ is permissible for further augmentation to six lanes. At service level ‘B’, the volume of traffic is nearly 0.5 times the maximum capacity, and at ‘C’ nearly 0.7 times the maximum capacity. The HCM does not indicate much difference between the average speeds of LOS ‘B’ and LOS ‘C’ but there is an approximate 40 percent increase in the volume of traffic handled at LOS ‘C’ and the traffic remains in stable flow condition. The benchmarks proposed for computing Network Congestion Indices are indicated in Table A4: Table A4: Benchmarks for computing Network Congestion Indices Traffic Performance Volume/Capacity Ratio Congestion free Up to 0.70 Congested Between 0.70 and 1.00 Over-congested Above 1.00 The following steps can be adopted to compute the congestion indices of the CRN: Step 1: Based on analysis of traffic volume and capacity of the road (this will depend upon the number of traffic lanes and presence of paved shoulders), the volume/capacity ratios will be established at the beginning of each year for the entire CRN. This information would be available for different categories of roads, that is, NHs, SHs, MDRs and Other Roads comprising the CRN and also for various carriageway configurations, for example, less than two lane, two lane and four lane or more. Step 2: Tabulate the results and compute the congestion indices considering the extent of volume/capacity ratios on the length of the CRN as indicated in Table A5. Table A5: Computation of congestion indices Volume/capacity Ratio Percent Length of CRN Level of Congestion Up to 0.70 x 1 Congestion free Between 0.70 and 1.00 x 2 Congested Above 1.00 x 3 Over congested The higher the percentage of congestion free network, that is, the value of x 1 , the better the performance of the road sector and the agency. The percentage of over-congested network, that is, the value of x 3 would serve as an indicator to the highway agency to plan capacity augmentation investments to meet the traffic demand on such road networks. Indicator 21: Network Quality Index (NQI) This indicator is intended to capture the quality of the network. To start with, the NQI may be determined based on the parameter of riding quality in terms of roughness expressed 83
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Transport Division Transport, Water
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A Review of Highway Agencies in the South Asia Region

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