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39 Abubakar and Basri Table 5. Paddy productivity on damaged land in western coast of NAD No. District Sub District Class damage Productivity (ton/ha) 2006 2007 1 Aceh Besar Peukan Bada Light 3.0 – 4.0 3.5 – 4.5 Medium 2.5 – 3.0 3.0 – 4.0 Lhoknga Light 3.0 – 3.7 4.0 – 4.5 Medium nd 3.5 – 4.0 Lhoong Light 3.0 – 3.5 3.5 – 4.2 Medium nd 3.2 – 4.0 Baitussalam Light 3.0 – 3.5 4.0 – 4.5 Medium nd 3.0 – 4.0 2 Aceh Jaya Jaya Light 2.0 – 3.5 3.5 – 3.7 Medium nd 2.0 – 3.5 Sampoinit Light 2.0 – 3.5 3.5 – 4.0 Medium nd 2.0 – 3.5 Teunom Light 3.6 – 4.0 4.0 – 4.3 Medium nd 3.0 – 3.4 Panga Light 3.5 – 4.0 3.7 – 4.2 Medium nd 3.1 – 3.3 Krueng Sabe Light 3.5 – 4.0 4.0 – 4.5 Medium 2.0 – 3.0 3.0 – 3.5 3 Aceh Barat Meurebo Light 2.0 – 2.5 3.5 – 4.5 Medium nd 2.0 – 2.5 Sama Tiga Light 2.0 – 2.5 2.5 – 3.0 Medium nd 2.0 – 2.5 Arongan Lambalek Light 2.0 – 2.5 2.5 – 3.0 Medium nd nd Sources: Agriculture extension agency reports and estimation nd = no data CONSTRAINTS AND CHALLANGES Field observations in June 2008 showed that besides lightly damaged land, some of the medium damaged agricultural land in Aceh Besar has been recovered as potential rice field, such as in Lhoong Sub District, Aceh Besar (Figure 3). Damaged rice fields in Lhoong (mostly inceptisols - mineral soils), have been cultivated at least three times since 2006. Only some of medium damaged rice field in Aceh Barat and Nagan Raya has been rehabilitated and cultivated. Several constarints faced in rehabilitation of heavily damaged land in the western coastal areas are: (1) most rice field are on peat soil, (2) irrigation channels are still blocked, (3) weed regrowth (bak raboo) was very fast on peat soil, so that farmers needed extra efforts to clear the fields, and (4) in some areas irrigation channels are not available, so that the rice crop is completely dependant on rainfall. International Workshop on Post Tsunami Soil Management, 1-2 July 2008 in Bogor, Indonesia
40 Abubakar and Basri Figure 3. Land returned to rice cropping in Lampisang, Lhoknga, Aceh Besar 2007 From a soil chemistry point of view, rice fields categorised as light damage do not have salinity problems anymore. Leaching either conducted by purpose with irrigation or from rainfall has resulted in significant decrease in soil salinity and soil pH has recovered to about normal (6-7). The next step, suggested, to be taken is the rehabilitation of the remaining medium and heavy damage land in the west coast. The rehabilitation should be focused on reparation of drainage canals and removal of sediment, because these two important activities have not progressed satisfactory. Field observations showed that in peat soil and rain fed paddy field, rehabilitation of the drainage canals is crucial to agricultural recovery. Furthermore, the tsunami sediment also needs to be removed from the top soil surface, especially the sand, so that farmer can use and cultivate their paddy fields again. Several stakeholders, such as UNDP and other NGOs have started the removal of sediment from paddy fields on the west coast. We believe that these activities will be successful. Combating the regrowth of weeds on peat soil is a key obstacle to recommencing cultivation, this extra task has discouraged farmers and they have become hesitate to cultivate their land. International Workshop on Post Tsunami Soil Management, 1-2 July 2008 in Bogor, Indonesia
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Page 4 and 5: iii FOREWORD The active subduction
Page 6 and 7: Ladies and Gentlemen, v We are situ
Page 8 and 9: Ladies and Gentlemen, vii The time
Page 10 and 11: ix sediment, soil and water salinit
Page 12 and 13: xi TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .....
Page 14 and 15: 1 Harjadi PJP INDONESIA TSUNAMI EAR
Page 16 and 17: 3 Harjadi PJP Figure 3. Site distri
Page 18 and 19: 5 Harjadi PJP The Operational compo
Page 20 and 21: 7 Harjadi PJP National Coordinating
Page 22 and 23: 9 Harjadi PJP • UNESCO, IOC, ITIC
Page 24 and 25: 2.5. Buoys (BPPT) 11 Harjadi PJP Be
Page 26 and 27: 4. Situation Center 13 Harjadi PJP
Page 28 and 29: Figure 18. The decision support sys
Page 30 and 31: Figure 20. Observation perspective
Page 32 and 33: Figure 23. Five in one information
Page 34 and 35: 21 Niino Y AGRICULTURAL IMPACTS IN
Page 36 and 37: 23 Niino Y rehabilitation of salt-a
Page 38 and 39: 25 Niino Y who lost their crops, li
Page 40 and 41: 27 Niino Y damage afflicting agricu
Page 42 and 43: 29 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS N
Page 44 and 45: 31 Niino Y − Income generation th
Page 46 and 47: 33 Abubakar and Basri REHABILITATIO
Page 48 and 49: 35 Abubakar and Basri Table 1. Ligh
Page 50 and 51: 37 Abubakar and Basri Table 3. Thic
Page 54 and 55: CONCLUSIONS 41 Abubakar and Basri R
Page 56 and 57: 43 MANAGING TSUNAMI-AFFECTED SOILS
Page 58 and 59: 45 Slavich et al. Figure 3. Tsunami
Page 60 and 61: 47 Slavich et al. they were not aff
Page 62 and 63: 49 Slavich et al. factors observed
Page 64 and 65: 51 DYNAMICS OF TSUNAMI-AFFECTED SOI
Page 66 and 67: 53 Rachman et al. measured using th
Page 68 and 69: 55 Rachman et al. Table 2. Characte
Page 70 and 71: 57 Rachman et al. Figure 2. Distrib
Page 72 and 73: 59 Rachman et al. complex are domin
Page 74 and 75: Soil depth (cm) B Soil depth (cm) C
Page 76 and 77: 63 Rachman et al. empty pods. The f
Page 78 and 79: 65 ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS OF FARMING O
Page 80 and 81: 67 Agus F of North America, Europe
Page 82 and 83: International Workshop on Post Tsun
Page 84 and 85: IMPLICATIONS 71 Agus F Land suitabi
Page 86 and 87: 73 Agus F Proceedings of the 12th I
Page 88 and 89: 75 POST-TSUNAMI AGRICULTURE LIVELIH
Page 90 and 91: Nagapattinam Background Geographica
Page 92 and 93: 79 Mohan GMC extensively in compari
Page 94 and 95: 81 Mohan GMC NGOs wherever there wa
Page 96 and 97: 83 Mohan GMC Between February’05
Page 98 and 99: 1.7. Constraints: 85 Mohan GMC •
Page 100 and 101: 87 Mohan GMC The successful first y
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89 Joshi L ACCELERATING LIVELIHOOD
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POVERTY AND TREE CROPS 91 Joshi L P
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93 Joshi L The survey conducted in
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CONCLUSIONS 95 Joshi L Aceh and Nia
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97 Sembiring et al. IMPLICATIONS OF
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99 Sembiring et al. level of tolera
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101 Sembiring et al. Leaching, soil
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103 Sembiring et al. Aceh Barat. Th
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105 Sembiring et al. lowland rice t
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107 Sembiring et al. and developmen
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109 Iskandar and Chairunas PALAWIJA
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111 Iskandar and Chairunas Tunong V
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113 Iskandar and Chairunas DPTPH Pr
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115 INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR P
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117 Shea et al. Material support wa
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TRANSPORTATION 119 Shea et al. Duri
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121 Shea et al. As highlighted duri
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123 Shea et al. Connection Centers:
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125 Shea et al. Photographs: Left -
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127 Shea et al. Photographs: Left -
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MEDIA FOR WOMEN FARMERS 129 Shea et
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131 McLeod et al. SOIL SALINITY ASS
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133 Figure 1. Locations of assessme
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135 McLeod et al. fields after the
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137 Wahyunto et al. ASSESSMENT OF A
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139 Wahyunto et al. 2004 (before th
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141 Wahyunto et al. Since the major
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143 Wahyunto et al. Table 1. Existi
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145 Wahyunto et al. low fertility),
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147 Wahyunto et al. Table 2. Method
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CONCLUSIONS 149 Wahyunto et al. Lan
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151 Wahyunto et al. FAO. 1976. Fram
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153 Sammut et al. TECHNICAL CAPACIT
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155 Sammut et al. associated manage
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157 Sammut et al. Tarunamulia, 2006
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159 Sammut et al. Unfortunately, a
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161 Sammut et al. Gosavi K, Sammut
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163 Chairunas DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY
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165 Chairunas Table 1. The average
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REFERENCES 167 Chairunas BPS. 2007.
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169 List of Participants Internatio
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171 Didi Ardi S., Dr. Indonesian So
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173 Irawan, Dr. Indonesian Soil Res
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175 Mulyadi, Mr Indonesian Institut
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177 Subhan, Mr Institute for Vegeta
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179 Astu Unadi, Dr. Kepala Balitkli
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