Vision and Challenges for Realising the Internet of Things

Air interfaces still do have different performance, however, a very important thing for the
industry is to avoid parallel work in future.
For some areas conformance and performance standards are still missing and cause interoperability
problems or customer dissatisfaction. This gap has to be filled soon to ensure
successful and wide deployment of the technology.
Besides the ongoing development of the EPCglobal ONS system, there is still significant
scope for resolving other types of URN over the Internet. It is essential that various applications
that will require or benefit from participating in the Internet of Things have an early
understanding of the issues.
Although the capability of mobile phones being used for data capture purposes has little
direct impact on RFID for supply chains, it could be a significant long term driver for the
take-up of the technology and acceptance by ordinary citizens.
Sensor technology will soon be part of RFID.
4 GRIFS standard database
A major output of the GRFIS project was the standard data base available under http://grifsproject.eu/db/,
whereas the excerpts in this document present the status as of 15 December
2009.
The database covers multiple application areas and contains standards from a significant
amount of publishers as described in 4.1 and 4.2 respectively.
4.1 Areas of applications
4.1.1 Mobile RFID
The potential to read RFID tags with mobile devices has always been possible in the industrial
and commercial sector. In contrast, the use of RFID tags and mobile phones presents a possible
exponential growth in the number of RFID data capture devices that will be available.
4.1.2 Real time location standards
A Real Time Location System (as defined in ISO/IEC 19762-5) is of a combination of wireless
hardware and real time software that is used to continuously determine and provide the real
time position of assets and resources equipped with services designed to operate with the system.
4.1.3 Security standards for data and networks
There are four zones in an RFID system where security features can be considered and applied.
4.1.4 Data exchange standards and protocols
Our definition of data exchange systems is intended to cover indirect communications between
partners, usually through some hub mechanism. We exclude any direct peer-to-peer
communication and any data exchange that can be implemented with in-house systems.
4.1.5 Environmental regulations (e.g. WEEE, packaging waste)
The Directives that are discussed in this section have some small direct impact on RFID, as
will be discussed below. Their greater impact is on potential applications using RFID to implement
the Directive or to assist in the management of systems associated with the Directive.
4.1.6 Application standards
The application standards of any data carrier technology are independent of the technology
standards, but should use them as normative references. They are usually developed by a user
body with expert knowledge of the sector being addressed by the application standard.
4.1.7 Data standards
The data standards address the way data is held in business applications. As such, they are
associated with the data dictionaries developed by user organisations for encoding in various
AIDC data carriers. In some cases, the legacy requirements of encoding in bar code need to be
taken into account with encoding in RFID; in other cases, slightly new approaches can be
adopted.
CERP-IoT – Cluster of European Research Projects on the Internet of Things
132