Vision and Challenges for Realising the Internet of Things

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Safety, Security and Privacy, Environment Monitoring, People and Goods Transportation, Food traceability, Agriculture and Breeding, Media, entertainment and Ticketing, Insurance, Recycling. The main IoT technologies presented allow identifying the research and development challenges and outlining a roadmap for future research activities to provide practical and reliable solutions. This roadmap forms the basis for the research priorities presented and these IoT enabling technologies are: Identification Technology, Internet of Things Architecture Technology, Communication Technology, Network Technology, Network Discovery, Software and algorithms, Hardware, Data and Signal Processing Technology, Discovery and Search Engine Technologies, Relationship Network Management Technologies, Power and Energy Storage Technologies, Security and Privacy Technologies, Standardisation. SRA Coordinators: Patrick Guillemin, CERP-IoT Coordinator, ETSI Peter Friess, CERP-IoT EC Coordinator, European Commission SRA Core Authors and Editor Team: Ovidiu Vermesan, NO, SINTEF, EPoSS Mark Harrison, UK, University of Cambridge, Auto-ID Lab, BRIDGE, EPCglobal Data Discovery JRG Harald Vogt, DE, SAP, SToP Kostas Kalaboukas, GR, SingularLogic, EURIDICE Maurizio Tomasella, UK, University of Cambridge, Auto-ID Lab, SMART, BRIDGE Karel Wouters, BE, K.U.Leuven, PrimeLife Sergio Gusmeroli, IT, TXT e-Solutions SpA, iSURF, COIN Stephan Haller, CH, SAP, CoBIS The authors would appreciate any sharing of thoughts from the interested reader and constructive feedback on the CERP-IoT Strategic Research Agenda. Contact: Patrick.guillemin@etsi.org Peter.FRIESS@ec.europa.eu CERP-IoT – Cluster of European Research Projects on the Internet of Things 42
3.1.1 Internet of Things Common Definition The meaning of “things” Defining things and recognizing what a particular thing is and represents in the context of Future Internet requires a careful analysis of what philosophers like Aristotle and Philoponus had to say and how their philosophical thoughts can transcend into the future. Aristotle, in his work “The Categories” gives a strikingly general and exhaustive account of the things that are (ta onta) - beings. According to this opinion, beings can be divided into ten distinct categories. They include substance, quality, quantity, and relation, among others. Of these categories of beings, it is the first, substance (ousia), to which Aristotle gives a privileged position. Aristotle is distinguishing things that are by nature from those that are from other causes. Philoponus, commenting on this distinction, first divides things that are by nature into those that have soul and those that do not. The proper nature of “besouled” things (i.e., plants and animals) is their form, which, Philoponus says is properly identified with soul, their intrinsic mover. From the “philosophical definition” of ”things” one can conclude that the word is not restricted to material things but can apply to virtual things and the events that are connected to “things”. In the context of “Internet of Things” a “thing” could be defined as a real/physical or digital/virtual entity that exists and move in space and time and is capable of being identified. Things are commonly identified either by assigned identification numbers, names and/or location addresses. Internet of Things Internet of Things (IoT) is an integrated part of Future Internet and could be defined as a dynamic global network infrastructure with self configuring capabilities based on standard and interoperable communication pro- 3.1 Internet of Things Vision tocols where physical and virtual “things” have identities, physical attributes, and virtual personalities and use intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated into the information network. In the IoT, “things” are expected to become active participants in business, information and social processes where they are enabled to interact and communicate among themselves and with the environment by exchanging data and information “sensed” about the environment, while reacting autonomously to the “real/physical world” events and influencing it by running processes that trigger actions and create services with or without direct human intervention. Interfaces in the form of services facilitate interactions with these “smart things” over the Internet, query and change their state and any information associated with them, taking into account security and privacy issues. 3.1.2 Internet of Things Vision The vision of Future Internet based on standard communication protocols considers the merging of computer networks, Internet of Media (IoM), Internet of Services (IoS), and Internet of Things (IoT) into a common global IT platform of seamless networks and networked “things”. IoS is denoting a software based component that will be delivered via different networks and Internet. Research on SOA, Web/Enterprise 3.0/X.0, Enterprise Interoperability, Service Web, Grid Services and Semantic Web will address important bits of the IoS puzzle, while improving cooperation between service providers and consumers. IoM will address the challenges in scalable video coding and 3D video processing, dynamically adapted to the network conditions that will give rise to innovative applications such as massive multiplayer mobile games, digital cinema and in virtual worlds placing new types of traffic demands on mobile network architectures. This future network of networks will be laid out as public/private infrastructures and 43
Page 1 and 2: Vision and Challenges for Realising
Page 3 and 4: Foreword Vision and Challenges for
Page 5 and 6: Table of contents Foreword Vision a
Page 7 and 8: 1 Organization ....................
Page 9: Chapter 1 The Internet of Things
Page 12 and 13: 1 Origin of the concept of "Interne
Page 14 and 15: 2.1 Research perspective Today the
Page 16 and 17: (RFID), Near Field Communication (N
Page 18 and 19: According to SRI Consulting Busines
Page 20 and 21: Security and software Human interfa
Page 22 and 23: According to ISTAG, technical resea
Page 24 and 25: ties can be grouped around two axes
Page 26 and 27: emerging uses and services, and lau
Page 29: Chapter 2 The CERP-IoT Cluster
Page 32 and 33: floor, and other things happening i
Page 34 and 35: eral solutions have emerged, either
Page 36 and 37: Acronym Project Title Coordinator H
Page 39: Chapter 3 Strategic Research Agenda
Page 44 and 45: dynamically extended and improved b
Page 46 and 47: Domain 1 Fundamental characteristic
Page 49 and 50: T he concept of Internet of Things
Page 51 and 52: The vehicle itself is also consider
Page 53 and 54: technology should foster a communit
Page 55 and 56: Every day millions of people move u
Page 57 and 58: 3.3 Technologies supporting the Int
Page 59 and 60: The traffic in the Internet of Thin
Page 61 and 62: Coverage - sparse, dense or redunda
Page 63 and 64: IoT will create new services and ne
Page 65 and 66: including the virtual counterparts
Page 67: Issues to be addressed: Event-driv
Page 70 and 71: competitive marketplace that benefi
Page 72 and 73: equired for IoT applications. Such
Page 74 and 75: ility of things in their acting wil
Page 76 and 77: Before 2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 Bey
Page 82 and 83: Acknowledgements Many colleagues ha
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Page 86 and 87: should help brand owners to find th
Page 88 and 89: 3.1 Authentication Features For eac
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4.2 Challenges for Usage of Network
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esent one step in the supply chain,
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A reaction of things could be trigg
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Table 4.2-1: Application Case Featu
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NDEI- Service InformationBrokerage
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7 References [Barry02] Barry, Dougl
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data to a central server. When used
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The smart retail concept holds simi
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6 Acknowledgment The authors would
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Nevertheless, the majority of exist
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To implement this service, case and
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moving it from the reader’s anten
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The servers can process requests in
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web client. The solution largely re
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ently, establishing transparency ac
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Kourouthanassis, P., & Roussos, G.
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The importance of identity manageme
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Middleware and other software devel
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1.2 Objectives The objective of the
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Air interfaces still do have differ
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4.2.3 ITU-T ITU is the United Natio
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The report's conclusion highlights
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made significant progress on the de
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Finally, a more theoretical researc
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monitoring that manufactured goods
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worked RFID technology for various
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tually sold, at which moment in tim
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Business case analysis: Two busines
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of far field and near field UHF tag
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The manufacturing pilot provided sy
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also coming from distributed electr
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The ASPIRE architecture identifies
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ASPIRE Innovative filtering solutio
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3.2 Semantic Device Discovery and O
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Concretely, Hydra uses web services
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4.9 Usage of RFID in the Forest & W
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sufficiently long and consistent re
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The purpose of Traceability Service
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An overview of the LCA procedure, c
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The environmental KPIs harmonize wi
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5. Involving a large number of Memb
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Maintain a roadmap of the relevant
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4 Members The RACE networkRFID comm
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EPoSS has close links with other ET
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Social context Surrounding people
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2.5 Interoperability It is common k
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fraction of the time. RFID technolo
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The middleware solutions for these
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T he AmI-4-SME project is addressin
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BRIDGE (Building Radio frequency ID
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T oday’s Internet is rapidly evol
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T he CoBIs project developed a radi
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C uteLoop has the strategic objecti
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T he DiY Smart Experiences project
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T he project objectives of DYNA- MI
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epresentatives of the Member States
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Approach The EURIDICE platform will
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T he first objective of the Hydra p
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This will produce new inputs to set
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IMS2020 strives for strengthening i
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L eapfrog is a joint research and i
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F easibility study for an improved
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R FID will form the basis of better
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T he SMART project employees RFID t
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T he StoLPaN project aims to define
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T he recently completed three-year
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Expected Impact WALTER is aimed at
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