Vision and Challenges for Realising the Internet of Things

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floor, and other things happening in the physical world. The objective of this book on the Internet of Things is to present the activities of the projects financed by the European Commission in order to develop the enabling technologies for IoT, while fostering the discussion in academia, research and industry on the development of a future Internet of Things. The projects that are addressing the underling technologies for the development of IoT have a common platform offered by the activities of the Cluster of European Projects on the Internet of Things The European Research Cluster on the Internet of Things is part of Europe’s ambition to shape a future Internet of Things (IoT) for its businesses and citizens. The research cluster (CERP-IoT) goal is to bring European research projects together to define and promote a common vision of the Internet of Things with the main objectives to: Facilitate networking of different IoT projects in Europe Coordinate research activities in IoT Leverage expertise, talents, and resources and maximise impact Establish synergies between projects and ensure international collaboration During the last years 32 EU-funded projects and initiatives were actively involved in the Cluster activates. A table with a short description of each project is presented in annex of this section. The projects address different technologies and a short overview of the topics covered is given below: STOP: anti counterfeiting and how to deal with it in an IoT CuteLoop: Challenges for usage of Intelligent Networked devices STOLPAN: NFC technology and its application scenarios in a future IoT SMART, TRASER: Usage of RFID in tracking and tracing - lessons learnt and outlook towards IoT CASAGRAS, GRIFS: Standardisation issues challenges on RFID and a future IoT BRIDGE: Specific solutions for RFID and outlook towards a future IoT ASPIRE, HYDRA: Open source Middleware and for embedded systems for SMEs with respect to RFID and outlook to a future IoT INDISPUTABLE KEY: Usage of RFID in the wood environment and contribution to environment protection European RACE networkRFID: Stimulating the takeup of RFID in Europe ETP EPoSS: Outlook on future IoT applications A brief description of the results from a selected number of the projects participating in the Cluster is presented below. CuteLoop project has identified innovative features based on the requirements analysis in food chain and craftsmen business environments. Those features were seen as enablers to decentralise the intelligence from central entities in the overall ambience to networked devices, representing decentralised things in the integrated enterprise. Therefore, was envisaged a contribution to an evolution from classical client-server architectures towards the Internet of Things. A framework was developed, combining a multi-agent system for usage on networked devices and using both a service oriented and an event driven architecture for dynamic interaction of distributed actors. Furthermore, decentralised mechanisms for ensuring security and trust were addressed as well as an infrastructure for supporting basic interaction models of the integrated enterprise. AMI-4-SME project has elaborated three Building Blocks for realising innovative AmI as well as human centred solutions: RFID based sensor system, mobile readers & middleware, highly compatible for integration with SME infrastructures. Speech recognition system, for implementing configurable natural human interaction on mobile devices; easy to generate & maintain; using standard interfaces. AmI system adaptor for mobile device, service & system integration. Enabling a flexible, secure & efficient configuration, mapping & interfacing of legacy systems, AmI services as well as mobile devices. Moreover, the AMI-4-SME Software Platform was realised to easily set-up the required runtime environment as well as software infrastructure to provide a cost and time efficient realisation of a human centric turn-key solution. ASPIRE project elaborated three parts for realising innovative SME oriented solution: ASPIRE Middleware Architecture and solution introduces a new approach to RFID middleware through a two-tier filtering: Conventional filtering (e.g., EPC-ALE paradigm): Open Source Tools CERP-IoT – Cluster of European Research Projects on the Internet of Things 32
(Stored/Save, Edit, Delete Filters) compliant to ALE specifications Filtering of business events (i.e. based on the paradigm of BEG module): Combination of filtered data with business metadata according to declared/ configured processes Specifications for mapping sensor reading events into business events Filtering of many types of sensors other than RFID, like ZigBee (IEEE 802.15) and HF sensors. ASPIRE Low-cost hardware and Tools ASPIRE Trails: The trails are being performed in the areas of Logistics, Textiles- Apparel, Cold Chain Management, Process Management and Retail to lower SME entry cost barrier and Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for RFID technology solutions Provide efficient inventory and smart services. Moreover, the ASPIRE Middleware Platform will be user-friendly especially focusing on SME demands The BRIDGE project delivered innovative hardware and software products. It also issued several important contributions to standard bodies in the areas of sensors, security and Discovery services. The lessons learned from the multiple pilot implementations will be inspiring for many companies in various sectors. Finally, a considerable set of education material has been made publicly available. The BRIDGE project has contributed to the development of new solutions for all businesses, from small to large. Improving skills and expertise on RFID technology and network information sharing is leading to enhanced competitiveness of European companies and to benefits to customers and citizens. CASCADAS goal was to provide an automatic component-based framework that can support the deployment of a novel set of services, via distributed applications, which can cope with dynamic and uncertain environments, i.e. having Self-Configuration, Self- Healing; Self-Optimization; Self-Protection (self-CHOP) capabilities. CASCADAS toolkit has been successfully used to build a prototype system to suit a potentially industrial future scenario, called Behavioural Pervasive Advertisement, which takes a crowded venue, with many public screens. The advertising screens display information independent of the context. Smart services could then gather publicly information on Users and advertise their particular interests. CoBIs project main results can be summarized as follows: A middleware based on a service-oriented architecture (SOA). The middleware allows the deployment of business logic in the form of services to the edge of the network. CoBIs provided the basic SOA framework as well as the tools to monitor and manage the network. A new service description language called CoBIL (CoBIs Language) to describe services for wireless sensor networks, their interface, their composition and dependencies as well as technical constraints regarding their deployment. A set of reusable collaborative services that were applied in a set of demonstrators and application trials. Hardware adaptation and integration of three different sensor network platforms, namely Particles, Nodes and Sindrion, through a common abstraction layer. Application trials were conducted to show how the technology developed can be applied to a real-world setting. Euridice is an integrated project where the basic concept is to build an information services platform centred on the individual cargo item and on its interaction with the surrounding environment and the user. The Euridice Platform will allow addressing simultaneously the logistics, business and public policy aspects of freight transportation, by dynamically combining services at different levels of cargo interaction: Immediate proximity services, for direct interaction with cargo items on the field, like individual shipments or packages: RFID-based identification services, mobile user services, vehicle services, site services supporting freight interaction with fixed structures such as terminals, warehouses and intermodal facilities; Supply chain services for interaction with the actors responsible of shipping, carrying and handling the goods, as well as producers and consignees of the goods themselves; Freight corridor services managed by authorities and operators in charge of infrastructures efficient operation, security and safety control, such as land and port terminals, railways and motorways for resources allocation and traffic control, customs agencies and other entities in charge of safety and security checks on the goods. PEARS Feasibility project study the feasibility for an improved RFID system based on Silent Tags; providing increased privacy, security, affordability, reliability and performance. On the side of technical feasibility, sev- CERP-IoT – Cluster of European Research Projects on the Internet of Things 33
Page 1 and 2: Vision and Challenges for Realising
Page 3 and 4: Foreword Vision and Challenges for
Page 5 and 6: Table of contents Foreword Vision a
Page 7 and 8: 1 Organization ....................
Page 9: Chapter 1 The Internet of Things
Page 12 and 13: 1 Origin of the concept of "Interne
Page 14 and 15: 2.1 Research perspective Today the
Page 16 and 17: (RFID), Near Field Communication (N
Page 18 and 19: According to SRI Consulting Busines
Page 20 and 21: Security and software Human interfa
Page 22 and 23: According to ISTAG, technical resea
Page 24 and 25: ties can be grouped around two axes
Page 26 and 27: emerging uses and services, and lau
Page 29: Chapter 2 The CERP-IoT Cluster
Page 34 and 35: eral solutions have emerged, either
Page 36 and 37: Acronym Project Title Coordinator H
Page 39: Chapter 3 Strategic Research Agenda
Page 42 and 43: Safety, Security and Privacy, Envi
Page 44 and 45: dynamically extended and improved b
Page 46 and 47: Domain 1 Fundamental characteristic
Page 49 and 50: T he concept of Internet of Things
Page 51 and 52: The vehicle itself is also consider
Page 53 and 54: technology should foster a communit
Page 55 and 56: Every day millions of people move u
Page 57 and 58: 3.3 Technologies supporting the Int
Page 59 and 60: The traffic in the Internet of Thin
Page 61 and 62: Coverage - sparse, dense or redunda
Page 63 and 64: IoT will create new services and ne
Page 65 and 66: including the virtual counterparts
Page 67: Issues to be addressed: Event-driv
Page 70 and 71: competitive marketplace that benefi
Page 72 and 73: equired for IoT applications. Such
Page 74 and 75: ility of things in their acting wil
Page 76 and 77: Before 2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 Bey
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Acknowledgements Many colleagues ha
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T eams from research projects and i
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should help brand owners to find th
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3.1 Authentication Features For eac
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4 Business Process Integration Seam
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4.2 Challenges for Usage of Network
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esent one step in the supply chain,
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A reaction of things could be trigg
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Table 4.2-1: Application Case Featu
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NDEI- Service InformationBrokerage
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7 References [Barry02] Barry, Dougl
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data to a central server. When used
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The smart retail concept holds simi
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6 Acknowledgment The authors would
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Nevertheless, the majority of exist
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To implement this service, case and
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moving it from the reader’s anten
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The servers can process requests in
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web client. The solution largely re
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ently, establishing transparency ac
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Kourouthanassis, P., & Roussos, G.
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The importance of identity manageme
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Middleware and other software devel
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1.2 Objectives The objective of the
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Air interfaces still do have differ
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4.2.3 ITU-T ITU is the United Natio
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The report's conclusion highlights
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made significant progress on the de
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Finally, a more theoretical researc
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monitoring that manufactured goods
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worked RFID technology for various
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tually sold, at which moment in tim
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Business case analysis: Two busines
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of far field and near field UHF tag
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The manufacturing pilot provided sy
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also coming from distributed electr
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The ASPIRE architecture identifies
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ASPIRE Innovative filtering solutio
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3.2 Semantic Device Discovery and O
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Concretely, Hydra uses web services
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4.9 Usage of RFID in the Forest & W
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sufficiently long and consistent re
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The purpose of Traceability Service
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An overview of the LCA procedure, c
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The environmental KPIs harmonize wi
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5. Involving a large number of Memb
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Maintain a roadmap of the relevant
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4 Members The RACE networkRFID comm
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EPoSS has close links with other ET
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Social context Surrounding people
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2.5 Interoperability It is common k
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fraction of the time. RFID technolo
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The middleware solutions for these
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T he AmI-4-SME project is addressin
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BRIDGE (Building Radio frequency ID
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T oday’s Internet is rapidly evol
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T he CoBIs project developed a radi
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C uteLoop has the strategic objecti
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T he DiY Smart Experiences project
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T he project objectives of DYNA- MI
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epresentatives of the Member States
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Approach The EURIDICE platform will
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T he first objective of the Hydra p
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This will produce new inputs to set
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IMS2020 strives for strengthening i
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L eapfrog is a joint research and i
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F easibility study for an improved
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R FID will form the basis of better
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T he SMART project employees RFID t
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T he StoLPaN project aims to define
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T he recently completed three-year
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Expected Impact WALTER is aimed at
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