Journal of European Integration History - Centre d'études et de ...

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Europa zum Nachschlagen Europa von A bis Z Taschenbuch der europäischen Integration Herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Werner Weidenfeld und Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Wessels 11. Auflage 2009, 499 S., brosch., 19,90 €, ISBN 978-3-8329-4478-0 Bitte bestellen Sie im Buchhandel oder versandkostenfrei unter www.nomos-shop.de Mit der Ratifizierung des Lissabonner Vertrages steht die Europäische Union vor ihrer bislang größten Veränderung. Europa von A bis Z, das bewährte Taschenbuch der europäischen Integration, hilft, den Überblick zu behalten und erläutert den neuen Vertrag ausführlich. »Inhaltsreiches, nach wie vor vorrangig empfohlenes Kompendium zur Europapolitik.« ekz-Informationsdienst 31/09 »Unentbehrliches Lehr- und Nachschlagewerk für alle Europa-Interessierten.« Background Europe 03.07.2007, zur 10. Auflage »Eine nach wie vor empfehlenswerte Anschaffung sowohl für öffentliche als auch für wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken.« Jürgen Plieninger, IFB Informationsmittel 2007, zur 10. Auflage »Wer in der immer diffiziler werdenden Debatte über die Zukunft der EU mitmischen will, der braucht zuerst einmal den Durchblick in der Faktenlage und eine breite Wissensbasis. Und da lohnt sich der Blick in dieses Handbuch.« Karl-Otto Sattler, Arbeitnehmer 8/06, zur 9. Auflage
The Apostles to the Slavs versus the Velvet Revolution. The Use of History in the Struggle for Democracy in Slovakia during the 1990s Simon GRUBER 149 Slovakia’s entry into the EU and NATO in 2004, its joining the Schengenland at the end of 2007 and the introduction of the Euro on 1 st of January, 2009 make it easy to forget that even as recently as the second half of the 1990s it was considered the black sheep among countries undergoing transformation, as a problem child whose efforts at integration were in acute danger. 1 The reason lay in the authoritarian tendency of the governing coalition from 1994 to 1998 under Prime minister Vladimír Mečiar and his “Movement for a Democratic Slovakia” (HZDS). 2 In its position paper on Slovakia’s entry application the European Commission came to the conclusion in mid-1997 that “the present government does not fully respect the role and responsibilities of the other institutions and frequently adopts an attitude which goes beyond the confrontations traditionally accepted in a democracy”. 3 For example a Parliamentarian who no longer wanted to vote with the coalition was excluded from Parliament; the president, who denounced the practices of the government was systematically humiliated; the intelligence service was involved in the kidnapping of his son; decisions of the Constitutional Court , which the governing coalition did not like were ignored; the Hungarian minority (10 % of the population) were presented in the state media as a fifth column; proposed laws restricted the rights of minorities. 4 In other words: within a basically established and functioning institutional system a form of politics started being practiced which considered the rule 1. This paper presents findings of an on-going dissertation project on Slovakia as a candidate for EU membership in the 1990s, which is being mentored by Prof. Michael Gehler (Hildesheim) and Prof. Gustavo Corni (Trento) and supported within the scope of the International Graduate Seminar 1067, organised by the Universities of Bologna, Frankfurt/M., Innsbruck, Pavia und Trento. 2. K. HENDERSON, Slovakia. The Escape from Invisibility, Routledge, London/New York, 2002; R. KIPKE, K. VODIČKA, Slowakische Republik. Studien zur politischen Entwicklung, Lit, Münster, 2000; D. MALOVÁ, M. RYBÁŘ, The European Union’s policies towards Slovakia. Carrots and sticks of political conditionality, in: J. RUPNIK, J. ZIELONKA (eds.), The Road to the European Union. Volume 1. The Czech and Slovak Republics, Manchester University Press, Manchester/New York, 2003, pp.98-112. 3. European Commission, Agenda 2000 – Commission Opinion on Slovakia’s Application for Membership of the European Union, Brussels, 15 th July 1997. 4. M. BÚTORA, P. HUNČÍK (eds.), Global Report on Slovakia. Comprehensive Analyses from 1995 and Trends from 1996, IVO, Bratislava, 1997; M. BÚTORA, T.W. SKLADONY (eds.) , Slovakia 1996-1997. A Global Report on the State of Society, IVO, Bratislava, 1998; M. KOLLÁR, G. MESEŽNIKOV, T. NICHOLSON (eds.), Slovakia 1998-1999. A Global Report on the State of Society, IVO, Bratislava, 1999.
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