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andor csizmadia, the social-politician concept on the social politics of the socialist state and a more and more differenciated outline of the concept, the task and organization of social provision. According to Csizmadia the social politics of the socialist state is nothing else than „complexity of principles of the organized state provision for the citizens”. 13 This notion which was derived from the constitution as equality of the citizens, was further structured when he defined the social politics in the socialist state in a wider and narrower sense. In a wider sense the social politics means elaborating the principles by which the workers can get maximum provision for their growing material and cultural needs. for instance wages, fringe benefits, other indirect social provisions, housing, community services, etc.). Social politics in a narrower sense means „principles elaborated and carried out by the state in order to provide living for the families and individuals in case they get endangered by their age, health condition, or unexpected events as well as natural disasters”. 14 The social security, as its services (for instance sickness benefit, old age- and disability pensions, widow- and orphan allowances) are tightly related with the wages, belongs to social politics in a wider sense, regarding its service aims and the beneficiaries it belongs to the social politics in a narrower sense, according to Csizmadia. He stated that differently from the social politics of the burgeois era, provision in the socialist state is not „charity”, it is legal part of socalist division of the national income but the guidelines are special: not the work but the needs. 15 Csizmadia Andor already used the term of social provision in his earlier studies, but in this material dealing with the mentioned theoretical questions- as well as in his latter publications- he separated it from the generally used but not yet defined term of care and clinged consequently to it, defined its content and separated from other terminologies. He considers social provision as an activity materially carrying out the principles and tasks (for instance providing sickness allowance, financial aid, operating homes) which the state can carry out through its special organizations in tight cooperation with the civil organizations. 16 The two distinct forms of the social provision are the social management and the social care, with the basic difference between them that the management is an official activity, while social care is a helping activity, but despite their obvious differences in practice they tightly belong together. 17 In case of social provision, Csizmadia also differenciates its concept in narrower and wider sense. According to his point of view the services of the social security also belong to the wider sense of social provision, while mother and infant protection, child 13 Csizmadia 1964. 116. 14 As early as in this article, Csizmadia Andor regards social work as an activity based on social politics in a narrower sense. Csizmadia 1964. 117. 15 PTE Levéltár Dr. Csizmadia Andor irathagyatéka (1960-1980) 16 Csizmadia also gives an approach to the term „Social Law”, when he describes the complete regulations regarding the social provision in the socialist state. Csizmadia 1964. 118. 17 PTE Levéltár Dr. Csizmadia Andor irathagyatéka (1960-1980). 382. 11, 23-24. In his article published in the journal State and Administration, the parts regarding this issue were left out, and the original last paragraph was replaced with the coordination of governmental and social activities, and the development of the nationalization in the field of social work. 233
Janka Teodóra Nagy and youth protection, provision for pensioners (old aged), the war invalid and those victims of natural disasters and finding solution for special social tasks belong to the narrower concept. 18 In the ministry discussion essay Csizmadia even more firmly represents the concept that in case of social provision administrating and official activity is essential. The social administration cannot be restricted to some special administration activity of the state but after urgent clarifying of the theoretical questions and defining the direction of development the harmful disintegration must be eliminated. 19 In the essay he does not talk detailedly about this question, and in his study published in the journal State and Administration he rather examines the opportunities of nationalization. 20 The VII Congress of MSZMP in 1959 makes a decision about improving the living standard, and providing for the old aged, disabled workers and children. On arising questions while carrying out the decision, more and more people visit Csizmadia Andor with professional tasks, and by the middle of 1960-es even in the highest party-, stateand government circles he is regarded as a recognized expert on social political issues. Although there are some who argue the definition of the social provision, 21 he is a regular participant in the consultations organized in the Health Ministry; his article, which was published in the journal Public Health in 1960, is a compulsory reading in the trainings organized by the ministry (so in the physician actualizing trainings), and his opinion is required during social political plannings and alterations. 22 His suggestion, regarding the VIII Congress of MSZMP in 1962, on how to perform the decision defining the social political aims of the socialist state in February 1963, re-assesses the theoretical questions according to the international and constitutional law environment. 23 3. Social political-historical synthesis We have already talked about the duality which characterizes Csizmadia Andor’s career: the joint presence of practice and research. About how an individual subject encouraged a historical research, or how a historical question gave answer to the contemporary problems. One of Csizmadia Andor’s appraisals says while his scientific career is characterized with the series of changes on the other side almost all of his topics follow his career: he is able to economically use his material collected earlier. 24 This statement has a special validity in case of the summarizing study „Changes 18 Csizmadia 1964. 121. 19 PTE Levéltár Dr. Csizmadia Andor irathagyatéka (1960-1980). 382. 20 Csizmadia 1964. 127-128. 21 PTE Levéltár Dr. Csizmadia Andor irathagyatéka (1960-1980). 353. 22 Csizmadia 1960a. 181-187, Csizmadia 1960. PTE Levéltár Dr. Csizmadia Andor irathagyatéka (1960- 1980). 353. 23 Csizmadia 1960a. 181-187, Csizmadia 1960. PTE Levéltár Dr. Csizmadia Andor irathagyatéka (1960- 1980). 353. 24 Kajtár 2001. 179-180. 234
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