14th ICID - Poster Abstracts - International Society for Infectious ...

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When citing these abstracts please use the following reference: Author(s) of abstract. Title of abstract [abstract]. Int J Infect Dis 2010;14S1: Abstract number. Please note that the official publication of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010, Volume 14, Supplement 1 is available electronically on http://www.sciencedirect.com Final Abstract Number: 29.007 Session: Malaria & Blood-borne Parasites Date: Wednesday, March 10, 2010 Time: 12:30-13:30 Room: Poster & Exhibition Area/Ground Level Type: Poster Presentation Malaria parasitemia in surgical patients in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria N. Usoro, E. E. Anwan, I. O. Uchejuru, O. J. Bam University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria Background: Malaria is endemic in Nigeria. Surgical patients in our environment are predisposed to perioperative anemia and postoperative pyrexia due to malaria. We carried out a prospective study of malaria parasitemia in surgical patients to evaluate the need for routine malaria parasite (MP) test for surgical patients in an endemic area. Methods: Fifty adult elective surgical patients were tested preoperatively for MP by Giemsa staining of thick blood smear. Pre-operative hematocrit was also recorded and patients were followed up for postoperative pyrexia. Results: Forty-four patients (88%) were positive for MP. Twenty-one of these (47.7%) were anemic with mean hematocrit of 33.3%. None of the 6 patients who were MP negative was anemic (mean hematocrit 42%). Thirty-six patients had surgery and 20 of these had postoperative pyrexia for which 15 required antimalarial medication for resolution. All 15 had tested positive for MP. Conclusion: There is significant malaria parasitemia among surgical patients in our environment. This contributes to the perioperative anemia and postoperative pyrexia and therefore the morbidity of our surgical patients. Routine preoperative MP test would facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment of malaria, anemia, and postoperative pyrexia in this group of patients, thus reducing morbidity.
When citing these abstracts please use the following reference: Author(s) of abstract. Title of abstract [abstract]. Int J Infect Dis 2010;14S1: Abstract number. Please note that the official publication of the International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010, Volume 14, Supplement 1 is available electronically on http://www.sciencedirect.com Final Abstract Number: 29.008 Session: Malaria & Blood-borne Parasites Date: Wednesday, March 10, 2010 Time: 12:30-13:30 Room: Poster & Exhibition Area/Ground Level Type: Poster Presentation Improving estimates of malaria intervention coverage from household surveys using GPS data C. Burgert 1 , S. E. Bradley 2 , F. Arnold 2 , E. Eckert 2 1 Blue Raster, LLC, Arlington, VA, USA, 2 ICF Macro, Calverton, MD, USA Background: Standard indicators of malaria prevention interventions, such as ownership and use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs), are restricted to the population at risk of getting malaria. Household survey measurements of those indicators, however, are typically reported at the national level, including areas with little or no malaria transmission. Moreover, many surveys are not conducted during the high malaria transmission season. For these reasons, estimates of coverage by malaria interventions are often biased downward. This paper quantifies the effect of these biases by examining two coverage measures for universal coverage: 1) household possession of at least one ITN (HP1+) and 2) at least one ITN for every two usual residents (HP1/2), by A) Using GPS data to correlate these measures with levels of malaria endemicity and seasonality, and B) Recalculating coverage estimates based on the population at risk, taking into account the timing of the survey and endemicity in the area. Methods: Data come from 15 recent sub-Saharan Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) or Malaria Indicator Surveys (MIS). GPS location of household cluster is linked with Malaria Atlas Project maps to evaluate the malaria transmission zone and season. Results: The percentage of HP1+ households varies from 3.4% in Ethiopia to 53.3% in Zambia, and the percentage of HP1/2 households varies from 0.4% in Ethiopia to 18% in Zambia. If the estimates are restricted to households located in endemic areas, coverage is considerably higher. For example, HP1/2 universal coverage is 6% nationwide in Namibia, but ranges from 2% in areas with no malaria to 11% in highly endemic areas (with parasitemia >40%). Rates of ITN use also differ substantially: in Uganda, 11% of the population in highly endemic areas interviewed during the malaria season slept under ITNs, compared to only 3% in areas with no malaria. Conclusion: Estimates of ITN ownership and use based on household surveys are strongly affected by the location of survey clusters and the month of the interview. Taking these factors into account is recommended to improve the monitoring of progress toward achieving national goals and to inform in-country programmatic decision-making.
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