Juvenile Justice System and Risk Factor Data - Illinois Criminal ...

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Gathering local data Before calculating the RI, raw data must be gathered on youth at the justice stage of interest (Table 2) as well as the youth population (Table 3). Table 2 and Table 3 illustrate numbers used to determine the arrest RI in three hypothetical Illinois counties. Table 2 Raw youth arrest data County Number of black youth Number of white youth Total number of youth arrests (ages 10-16) arrests (ages 10-16) arrests (ages 10-16)* County A 21 67 90 County B 142 46 192 County C 16 246 267 * Total includes youth of all races. Table 3 shows raw population data in three hypothetical Illinois counties. Table 3 Raw population data Black youth White youth Total youth County population in county population in county population in county (ages 10-16) (ages 10-16) (ages 10-16)* County A 352 6,096 6,491 County B 2,469 8,009 10,614 County C 98 3,352 3,478 * Total includes youth of all races. Calculating the RI requires first determining the percentages of a minority group at the specific stage of the justice process, as well as the percentage of the minority group in the general population. To calculate a percentage, divide the number of youth arrests in the minority group by the total number of youth arrests for the jurisdiction then multiply the total by 100 to get the percentage (Table 4). Table 4 Percent calculations for black youth arrests and black youth population % of arrests that are % black youth in pop County black youth County A (21÷ 90)×100 = 23% (352 ÷ 6,491)×100 = 5% County B (142 ÷ 192)×100 = 74% (2,469 ÷ 10,614)×100 = 23% County C (16 ÷ 267)×100 = 6% (98 ÷ 3,478)×100 = 3% 62
Calculate the jurisdictional RI using the following formula: Representation index = Percent of a minority group at a stage of t he justice process in jurisdiction of interest Percent of the same minority group in jurisdiction of interest More explicitly, to calculate the RI for a county’s arrests, use the following formula: County arrest RI = Percent of black youth arrests for county Percent of black youth in county population This calculation results in a number representing a ratio (see Table 5). If the ratio is greater than one, over-representation exists. Ratios less than one indicate under-representation. An overrepresentation of black youth at the arrest stage is seen in County A, County B, and County C. Table 5 County arrest RI calculations County RI for black youth County A (23 ÷ 5) = 4.6 County B (74 ÷ 23) = 3.0 County C (6 ÷ 3) = 2.0 The ratio of youth at a particular stage of the juvenile justice system is dependent on the percentage of minority youth in the population. Therefore, RIs do not necessarily indicate the extent of the disparity. Data summary The lack of data on the number of youth in each race and ethnic group involved with the system across all stages of the process prevents calculation of measures of racial and ethnic disparity for the entire juvenile justice system. In most cases, these data are collected informally and maintained at the local level. Data are available that allows us to calculate DMC numbers for arrests, detention admissions, and commitments to IDJJ in all Illinois counties. Tables that report the county-level DMC numbers are located in the data tables section of Appendix H. DMC numbers are not calculated when the county’s minority group population is less than one percent. When working with very small numbers and percentages, the formulas used to assess minority representation can result in extremely large indices that are difficult to interpret. In addition, Hispanic representation among arrested youth cannot be assessed as reporting requirements do not include ethnicity. 63
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State of Illinois Pat Quinn, Govern
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Acknowledgments We wish to acknowle
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State initiatives .................
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Table 18: Number and percentage of
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Figure 16: Rate of youth adjudicate
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Foreword The Illinois Criminal Just
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Poverty In calendar year 2007, 524,
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Illinois juvenile justice system da
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Special issues Disproportionate min
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Youth courts Youth courts, also cal
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Introduction Since 2003, the Illino
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The Juvenile Justice System and Ris
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Figure 1 Flowchart of the Illinois
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Table 1 Legislative changes from th
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• Competency development. Restora
Page 33 and 34: Community risk factors Community ri
Page 35 and 36: Education In 2000, the most recent
Page 37 and 38: Social context The data elements ex
Page 39 and 40: neglect. That year, 28,516 cases of
Page 41 and 42: Correctional inmates with children
Page 43 and 44: Chronic truants are students who ha
Page 45 and 46: Expulsions During AY07, 3,451 stude
Page 47 and 48: important protective factors agains
Page 49 and 50: An alternate source for youth arres
Page 51 and 52: Arrest data by offense category is
Page 53 and 54: Court data After being arrested a y
Page 55 and 56: Map 2 P ercent change in rate of ne
Page 57 and 58: Map 3 Percent change in rate of you
Page 59 and 60: Detention data information Data col
Page 61 and 62: The Central region of Illinois expe
Page 63 and 64: Transfers to criminal court Youth 1
Page 65 and 66: Map 5 Number of detained youth tran
Page 67 and 68: The rate of formal probation cases
Page 69 and 70: Informal probation caseloads The nu
Page 71 and 72: Delinquency petitions continued und
Page 75 and 76: adult would. Mandatory supervised r
Page 79 and 80: Of court commitments in FY07, 28 pe
Page 81 and 82: 2004, increasing 28 percent from 1,
Page 83: Special issues Disproportionate min
Page 87 and 88: under-represented at 52 percent les
Page 89 and 90: Table 10 RRI calculations for black
Page 91 and 92: Detention In 2007, the rates of adm
Page 93 and 94: Map 12 Hispanic youth detention rel
Page 95 and 96: Map 13 Black youth IDJJ relative ra
Page 97 and 98: Table 14 provides a statewide overv
Page 99 and 100: From 1997 to 2007, there was a 65 p
Page 101 and 102: Table 17 shows the number of youth
Page 103 and 104: Females in secure detention Females
Page 105 and 106: screening after referral from a juv
Page 107 and 108: Specialized courts Juvenile drug co
Page 109 and 110: Youth courts Youth courts, also cal
Page 111 and 112: Record expungement In Illinois, aft
Page 113 and 114: The Second Judicial Circuit Redeplo
Page 115 and 116: Models for Change Models for Change
Page 117 and 118: Map 16 Juvenile justice system init
Page 119 and 120: is not known how accurate the data
Page 121 and 122: Further recommendations The recomme
Page 123 and 124: Automatic transfer (Excluded Jurisd
Page 125 and 126: Detoxification Discretionary transf
Page 127 and 128: Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA)
Page 129 and 130: Property crime index A subcategory
Page 131 and 132: Appendix B: Map of judicial circuit
Page 133 and 134: Appendix D: Map of Illinois youth c
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12 - Homicide, Aggravated Kidnappin
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Offense Offense Offense Offense Cat
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Illinois Department of Corrections
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Prevention First 2800 Montvale Driv
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Table 8: Number of reported cases o
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Table 1: Number of services to yout
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Table 2: Number of services to yout
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Table 3: Number of unemployed, FY02
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Table 4: Estimated median household
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Table 5: Estimated number of youth
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Table 6: Monthly average number of
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Table 7: Number of reported domesti
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Table 8: Number of reported cases o
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Table 9: Number of indicated cases
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Table 10: Number of reported cases
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Table 11: Number of indicated cases
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Table 12: Number of reported crimes
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Table 13: Number of inmates admitte
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Table 14: Number of students report
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Table 15: Number and sex of truant,
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Table 16: Number of students suspen
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Table 17: Number of students expell
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Table 18: Number of high school dro
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Table 19: Youth population age 10-1
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Table 20: Youth population by race
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Table 21: Number of youth arrests b
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Table 25: Number and type of court
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Table 26: Number and type of youth
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Table 27: Number of delinquency pet
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Table 28: Number of youth (ages 10
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Table 29: Number of youth admission
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Table 33: Average daily population
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Table 34: Number of youth transfers
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Table 35: Number of active youth fo
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Table 36: Number of active informal
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Table 37: Number of youth delinquen
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Table 38: Number of youth probation
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Table 39: Number and type of court
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Table 43: Number of youth (age 13 t
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Table 46: Number of youth released
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Table 47: Representation index (RI)
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Notes 1 Griffin, Patrick, Linda Szy
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41 Shelden, Randall G., Detention D
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