CLIOwin 7 PCI User's Manual - Audiomatica

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life harder even if more interesting. Deriving the principals T&S Parameters from the five curves yields to Table 13.1 Fs Qms Qes Qts +10dBu 69.244 3.105 0.609 0.5094 +5dBu 71.63 3.6461 0.6643 0.5619 0dBu 72.9912 3.986 0.695 0.5920 -5dBu 73.5429 4.1663 0.7147 .61 -10dBu 73.82 4.227 0.7218 0.6166 Table 13.1 Values from 0dBu to -10dBu are in optimum agreement and this sets the maximum level to be used to 0dBu. Interestingly enough, Internal Mode is less sensitive to output level. We will go further into this topic relying on CLIO being a complete and powerful audio measuring system. Without changing connections we will use CLIO’s FFT and Signal Generator to evaluate the distortion current at resonance at 10dBu. Fig.13.5 shows the spectrum in this condition. The second harmonic is 56dB lower than the fundamental, which is 0.158% distortion. Even at 10dBu we are easily in the linear region of the loudspeaker motor. However what we have seen above, clearly states 10dBu is quite a high level for this device. -10.0 CLIO dBV -30.0 -50.0 -70.0 -90.0 -110.0 0.00 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Hz 900 999 Figure 13.8 The reader could be tempted to determine the absolute quality of the device by means of this procedure. While he or she may be right, a lot of experience is needed. One important parameter, for reliable comparison among devices, is the value, in VRMS, at the speaker terminals at resonance. It is shown from FFT as -10dBV that is 0.316VRMS. 13.3.3 DEALING WITH ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE The next problem in measuring loudspeaker impedance is noise. Transducers do their job in both directions and noise will appear as voltage exactly where CLIO’s input is connected. To evaluate the problem we deliberately produced a disturbance by generating a 110Hz single tone causing 58 dBSPL at the speaker cone. We took two impedance curves in this condition one with MLS the second with Sinusoidal. Both were 160 Chapter 13 - Measuring impedance and T&S parameters
taken at-10dBu, a value that gained our favor before. Results are in Fig.13.6 for MLS and Fig .13.7 for Sinusoidal. 25.0 CLIO 180.0 25.0 CLIO 180.0 Ohm Deg Ohm Deg 20.0 108.0 20.0 108.0 15.0 36.0 15.0 36.0 10.0 -36.0 10.0 -36.0 5.0 -108.0 5.0 -108.0 0.0 -180.0 20 Hz 100 1k 10k 20k 0.0 -180.0 10 Hz 100 1k 10k 20k Figures 13.6 and 13.7 This is one reason why we prefer sinusoidal analysis to measure impedance. 13.3.4 DEALING WITH VIBRATIONS The last enemy we must consider is external vibrations. 25.0 CLIO 180.0 Ohm Deg 20.0 108.0 15.0 36.0 10.0 -36.0 5.0 -108.0 0.0 -180.0 10 Hz 100 1k 10k 20k Figure 13.8 Fig.13.8 is an impedance curve taken with the loudspeaker positioned on a computer table, on one of those appendages that may be set up or down upon needs. This support clearly resonates, exited by the loudspeaker, at around 200Hz. No matter how good the loudspeaker is fixed to a structure if the structure itself moves then potential problems may become apparent. Usually there is no need to fix anything as long as you are using a stable, non-resonating structure. Up to now we have dealt with Internal Mode. We will briefly go through the others modes; problems found up to here will remain the same or worsen from here on! Chapter 13 - Measuring impedance and T&S parameters 161
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ELECTRICAL & ACOUSTICAL TESTS User'
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CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ...........
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7.10 SIGNAL FILES .................
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14.1 INTRODUCTION .................
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AUDIOMATICA’S WARRANTY Audiomatic
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12 Chapter 1 - Introduction
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2.1 THE PB-4281 PC BOARD AND SC-01
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2.2.3 THE MIC-01 (OR MIC-02) FREQUE
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2.4 THE QCBOX MODEL 4 AMPLIFIER & S
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2) 2 x Stereo mini jack to two RCA
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3.3 HARDWARE REGISTRATION WITH WIND
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3.3.2 HARDWARE REGISTRATION UNDER W
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3.3.3 HARDWARE REGISTRATION UNDER W
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Figure 3.21 Let's now verify that t
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3.4 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION This para
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3.6 RUNNING CLIOWIN FOR THE FIRST T
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3.7.1 CALIBRATION VALIDATION Figure
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3.9 TROUBLESHOOTING CLIO INSTALLATI
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4.3 CLIOWIN DESKTOP The CLIOwin des
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4.5 HARDWARE CONTROLS TOOLBAR 4.5.1
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4.5.4 MICROPHONE CONTROL Switches C
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4.6.2 CONTROLLING A TURNTABLE Fig.4
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4.7.2 ANALYSIS MENU The Analysis me
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Fig. 4.16 Sinusoidal Submenu Fig. 4
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4.7.3 CONTROLS MENU The Controls Me
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4.8 BASIC CONNECTIONS In order to c
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4.8.3 CONNECTING THE CLIOQC AMPLIFI
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T&S parameters data files. Wow&Flut
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Invokes the Autosave Settings dialo
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5.3.4 PRINTING Enters the Notes dia
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customize up to 6 different color s
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5.7.1 SAVING MEASUREMENT SETTINGS M
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6.3 BUTTONS AND CHECKBOXES Moves (s
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6.6 THE MLS TIME DOMAIN DISPLAY Whe
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The following figure shows a 1031.2
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7.4 MULTITONES It is possible to ge
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7.6 MLS It is possible to generate
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7.8 The following figure shows a 20
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The following figure shows the same
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For comparison with Pink noises the
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The following figure shows a msampl
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84 Chapter 7 - Signal Generator
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8.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS Starts the me
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This is substantially the measureme
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With the Multi-meter running, fit t
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8.6 INTERACTION BETWEEN THE MULTI-M
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9.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS, DROP DOWN LI
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9.4 FFT SETTINGS DIALOG Fig. 9.2 Th
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A better approach is to center the
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it is necessary to remove the fligh
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80.0 CLIO dBSPL 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0
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9.10 “LIVE” TRANSFER FUNCTION A
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Another factor of maximum importanc
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The last obstacle you may find whil
Page 110 and 111: 10.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS Starts an ML
Page 112 and 113: Amplifier & SwitchBox Model 2,3 and
Page 114 and 115: 10.4 MEASURING FREQUENCY RESPONSE I
Page 116 and 117: 150.0 CLIO 180.0 150.0 CLIO 180.0 O
Page 118 and 119: speaker we are testing is a gloriou
Page 120 and 121: 10.4.4 PHASE & GROUP DELAY We used
Page 122 and 123: etween true phase, as in Fig.10.22,
Page 124 and 125: 10.5 OTHER TIME DOMAIN INFORMATION
Page 126 and 127: utton. Any process you execute can
Page 128 and 129: 10.7 MLS Vs. LOG CHIRP As anticipat
Page 130 and 131: 10.8 RELATED MENUS The dual domain
Page 132 and 133: Display fifth harmonic distortion,
Page 134 and 135: Gating (Acquisition) Settings Gated
Page 136 and 137: 11.3 A BRIEF DESCRIPTION ON SETTING
Page 138 and 139: 11.3.3 GATING Enabling Gating allow
Page 140 and 141: 11.4 DISTORTION AND SETTINGS Sinuso
Page 142 and 143: Finally Fig.11.12 shows the distort
Page 144 and 145: 12.2 WATERFALL AND DIRECTIVITY CONT
Page 146 and 147: 12.3.2 WATERFALL OPERATION As alrea
Page 148 and 149: Figure 12.5 One powerful way to ins
Page 150 and 151: 12.5 DIRECTIVITY SPECIFIC CONTROLS
Page 152 and 153: 12.6 MEASURING AND REPRESENTING LOU
Page 154 and 155: 12.6.4 REPRESENTING POLAR DATA To r
Page 156 and 157: 156 Chapter 12 - Waterfall and Dire
Page 158 and 159: If you are a novice in using CLIO,
Page 162 and 163: 13.4 I SENSE This requires Audiomat
Page 164 and 165: 0.0 CLIO 180.0 dBV Deg -10.0 108.0
Page 166 and 167: CLIO INPUT A INPUT B OUTPUT A OUTPU
Page 168 and 169: 13.7 THIELE & SMALL PARAMETERS 13.7
Page 170 and 171: L 1kHz L 10kHz Inductance at 1kHz I
Page 172 and 173: We can now save our complete result
Page 174 and 175: The graphs refers to a linearity me
Page 176 and 177: DIN measures Intermodulation distor
Page 178 and 179: 15.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS AND DROP DOW
Page 180 and 181: 15.3 ACOUSTICAL PARAMETERS SETTINGS
Page 182 and 183: RTU [s]. Reverberation time evaluat
Page 184 and 185: 184 Chapter 15 - Acoustical Paramet
Page 186 and 187: 16.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS AND DROP DOW
Page 188 and 189: 16.3 Leq SETTINGS Time resolution S
Page 190 and 191: 17.3 FEATURES Figure 17.2 Aside a s
Page 192 and 193: 192 Chapter 17 - Wow & Flutter
Page 194 and 195: [20] D. Clarke, “Precision Measur
Page 196: 196 Norms
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