CLIOwin 7 PCI User's Manual - Audiomatica

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9.4 FFT SETTINGS DIALOG Fig. 9.2 The FFT settings dialog box FFT Size Selects the number of samples acquired and processed by each FFT. It is possible to choose a size between 512 and 131072 points. Sampling Selects the sampling frequency. Delay Permits the input of the desired processing delay (in ms) when in Internal Trigger mode. See 9.7 for details. Internal Trigger Enables the Internal Trigger mode. See 9.4 for details. Enable Frequency Calibration Enables frequency calibration to compensate for any hardware non linearity; frequency calibration, if enabled, takes place only when the generator is active. Hold Function Selects either Min or Max hold function. This functionality is activated by the relative toolbar button. Freq Axis Selects from linear or logarithmic frequency axis (valid only for FFT narrowband) Enable Equal Loudness Contour Enables the display of the normal equal loudness level curves as defined in the ISO 226 standard. The curves are displayed only in FFT narrowband and RTA modes when dBSPL units are selected. Averaging Selects either linear or logarithmic averaging; see Averaging (9.6) for details. 96 Chapter 9 - FFT
9.5 FFT AND RTA OPERATION The FFT and RTA measurements (and also Multi-meter ones, see Chapter 8) differ from MLS and Sinusoidal ones in the fact that they are interactive; the user has control over measurement time and generated stimuli. You may also obtain answers about unknown signals from them, without any need for generating a stimulus; or you may leave this job to others, similar to when you measure an audio chain relying on the test signals contained in a CD-ROM. One effect of this is that, strictly speaking, FFT measurements may lead to less precise results if compared to other techniques; the possibility of injecting a synchronous MLS sequence at the beginning of the same audio chain mentioned before is surely a better approach even if, in the vast majority of cases, unfeasible. FFT and RTA power depends not only on the measurements settings themselves but also on the generated signals. Please refer to chapter 7 for a detailed description of the signal generator and its many capabilities. When stimulating any external device with CLIO (see 4.8.2 and 4.8.3 for basic connections) you may choose a limited bandwidth signal (like a single sinusoid) or a wide bandwidth signal as a noise; in the first case you have the possibility of analyzing the harmonic content of the output spectrum while in the second case you may evaluate the frequency response of the device under test. A different stimulus, about halfway between the two cases just mentioned, is a logarithmic chirp swept across some octaves (like a chirp covering four octaves from 50 to 800Hz); in this case you are able to analyze both the response plus unwanted effects like distortion and noise produced by the D.U.T.. When using the FFT narrowband analyzer it is possible to achieve a flat response of the analyzing chain using white noise or similar signals whose energy content varies linearly with frequency; among these MLS, All-tones signals or linear Chirps. When using the RTA octave bands analyzer it is possible to achieve a flat response of the analyzing chain using a signal whose energy content varies logarithmically with frequency; among these we find pink noises or logarithmic Chirps. Besides the choice of the stimulus it is very important to achieve proper synchronization between the generated signal and the acquisition; this will lead to optimum performances avoiding the use of data windows and minimizing any spectral leakage that may occur. Synchronization can be achieved defining the stimulus in a particular manner or by means of proper triggering (see later internal trigger). If you are generating a sinusoid choose a frequency that is an integer multiple of the frequency bin (i.e. sampling frequency divided FFT size) or let CLIO calculate it setting “FFT bin round” in the generator input form (see chapter 7). As an example we would like to play and analyze a 1kHz sinusoid using a 64k FFT @ 48000Hz sampling; the frequency bin associated is 0.73Hz and the nearest spectral line to 1kHz is the 1365th one at 999.75Hz. If you simply generate a 1kHz sinusoid without rounding it to the nearest bin you obtain the analysis of fig. where it is evident that CLIO is capable of outputting a highly precise 1000.0Hz sinusoid but it is also evident the spectral leakage caused by this choice. Chapter 9 - FFT 97
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ELECTRICAL & ACOUSTICAL TESTS User'
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CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ...........
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7.10 SIGNAL FILES .................
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14.1 INTRODUCTION .................
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AUDIOMATICA’S WARRANTY Audiomatic
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12 Chapter 1 - Introduction
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2.1 THE PB-4281 PC BOARD AND SC-01
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2.2.3 THE MIC-01 (OR MIC-02) FREQUE
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2.4 THE QCBOX MODEL 4 AMPLIFIER & S
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2) 2 x Stereo mini jack to two RCA
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3.3 HARDWARE REGISTRATION WITH WIND
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3.3.2 HARDWARE REGISTRATION UNDER W
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3.3.3 HARDWARE REGISTRATION UNDER W
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Figure 3.21 Let's now verify that t
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3.4 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION This para
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3.6 RUNNING CLIOWIN FOR THE FIRST T
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3.7.1 CALIBRATION VALIDATION Figure
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3.9 TROUBLESHOOTING CLIO INSTALLATI
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4.3 CLIOWIN DESKTOP The CLIOwin des
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4.5 HARDWARE CONTROLS TOOLBAR 4.5.1
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4.5.4 MICROPHONE CONTROL Switches C
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4.6.2 CONTROLLING A TURNTABLE Fig.4
Page 46 and 47: 4.7.2 ANALYSIS MENU The Analysis me
Page 48 and 49: Fig. 4.16 Sinusoidal Submenu Fig. 4
Page 50 and 51: 4.7.3 CONTROLS MENU The Controls Me
Page 52 and 53: 4.8 BASIC CONNECTIONS In order to c
Page 54 and 55: 4.8.3 CONNECTING THE CLIOQC AMPLIFI
Page 56 and 57: T&S parameters data files. Wow&Flut
Page 58 and 59: Invokes the Autosave Settings dialo
Page 60 and 61: 5.3.4 PRINTING Enters the Notes dia
Page 62 and 63: customize up to 6 different color s
Page 64 and 65: 5.7.1 SAVING MEASUREMENT SETTINGS M
Page 66 and 67: 6.3 BUTTONS AND CHECKBOXES Moves (s
Page 68 and 69: 6.6 THE MLS TIME DOMAIN DISPLAY Whe
Page 70 and 71: The following figure shows a 1031.2
Page 72 and 73: 7.4 MULTITONES It is possible to ge
Page 74 and 75: 7.6 MLS It is possible to generate
Page 76 and 77: 7.8 The following figure shows a 20
Page 78 and 79: The following figure shows the same
Page 80 and 81: For comparison with Pink noises the
Page 82 and 83: The following figure shows a msampl
Page 84 and 85: 84 Chapter 7 - Signal Generator
Page 86 and 87: 8.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS Starts the me
Page 88 and 89: This is substantially the measureme
Page 90 and 91: With the Multi-meter running, fit t
Page 92 and 93: 8.6 INTERACTION BETWEEN THE MULTI-M
Page 94 and 95: 9.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS, DROP DOWN LI
Page 98 and 99: A better approach is to center the
Page 100 and 101: it is necessary to remove the fligh
Page 102 and 103: 80.0 CLIO dBSPL 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0
Page 104 and 105: 9.10 “LIVE” TRANSFER FUNCTION A
Page 106 and 107: Another factor of maximum importanc
Page 108 and 109: The last obstacle you may find whil
Page 110 and 111: 10.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS Starts an ML
Page 112 and 113: Amplifier & SwitchBox Model 2,3 and
Page 114 and 115: 10.4 MEASURING FREQUENCY RESPONSE I
Page 116 and 117: 150.0 CLIO 180.0 150.0 CLIO 180.0 O
Page 118 and 119: speaker we are testing is a gloriou
Page 120 and 121: 10.4.4 PHASE & GROUP DELAY We used
Page 122 and 123: etween true phase, as in Fig.10.22,
Page 124 and 125: 10.5 OTHER TIME DOMAIN INFORMATION
Page 126 and 127: utton. Any process you execute can
Page 128 and 129: 10.7 MLS Vs. LOG CHIRP As anticipat
Page 130 and 131: 10.8 RELATED MENUS The dual domain
Page 132 and 133: Display fifth harmonic distortion,
Page 134 and 135: Gating (Acquisition) Settings Gated
Page 136 and 137: 11.3 A BRIEF DESCRIPTION ON SETTING
Page 138 and 139: 11.3.3 GATING Enabling Gating allow
Page 140 and 141: 11.4 DISTORTION AND SETTINGS Sinuso
Page 142 and 143: Finally Fig.11.12 shows the distort
Page 144 and 145: 12.2 WATERFALL AND DIRECTIVITY CONT
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12.3.2 WATERFALL OPERATION As alrea
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Figure 12.5 One powerful way to ins
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12.5 DIRECTIVITY SPECIFIC CONTROLS
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12.6 MEASURING AND REPRESENTING LOU
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12.6.4 REPRESENTING POLAR DATA To r
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156 Chapter 12 - Waterfall and Dire
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If you are a novice in using CLIO,
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life harder even if more interestin
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13.4 I SENSE This requires Audiomat
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0.0 CLIO 180.0 dBV Deg -10.0 108.0
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CLIO INPUT A INPUT B OUTPUT A OUTPU
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13.7 THIELE & SMALL PARAMETERS 13.7
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L 1kHz L 10kHz Inductance at 1kHz I
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We can now save our complete result
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The graphs refers to a linearity me
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DIN measures Intermodulation distor
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15.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS AND DROP DOW
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15.3 ACOUSTICAL PARAMETERS SETTINGS
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RTU [s]. Reverberation time evaluat
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184 Chapter 15 - Acoustical Paramet
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16.2.1 TOOLBAR BUTTONS AND DROP DOW
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16.3 Leq SETTINGS Time resolution S
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17.3 FEATURES Figure 17.2 Aside a s
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192 Chapter 17 - Wow & Flutter
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[20] D. Clarke, “Precision Measur
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196 Norms
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