State of the World's Children 2013 - Unicef

TABLE 12
dISpARITIES By RESIdENCE
Countries
and areas
Birth registration (%)
2005–2011*
urban
rural
Skilled attendant at
birth (%)
2007–2012*
ratio of
urban to
rural urban rural
Underweight prevalence
in children under 5 (%)
2007–2011*
ratio of
urban to
rural urban rural
Diarrhoea treatment
with oral rehydration
salts (ORS) (%)
2007−2012*
ratio of
rural to
urban urban rural
Primary school net
attendance ratio
2007−2011*
ratio of
urban to
rural urban rural
Comprehensive
knowledge of HIV (%)
Females 15−24
2007−2011*
ratio of
urban to
rural urban rural
Use of improved
sanitation facilities (%)
2010
ratio of
urban to
rural urban rural
United Arab Emirates – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 98 95 1.0
United Kingdom – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 100 100 1.0
United Republic of Tanzania 44 10 4.6 83 40 2.0 11 17 1.5 44 44 1.0 91 77 1.2 55 45 1.2 20 7 2.9
United States – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 100 99 1.0
Uruguay – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 100 99 1.0
Uzbekistan 100 100 1.0 100 x 100 x 1.0 x 4 x 4 x 0.9 x 34 x 31 x 1.1 x 97 x 95 x 1.0 x 33 x 30 x 1.1 x 100 100 1.0
Vanuatu 39 23 1.7 87 72 1.2 11 11 1.0 – – – 85 80 1.1 23 13 1.8 64 54 1.2
Venezuela
(Bolivarian Republic of) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Viet Nam 97 94 1.0 99 91 1.1 6 14 2.3 47 46 1.0 98 98 1.0 58 48 1.2 94 68 1.4
Yemen 38 16 2.3 62 x 26 x 2.3 x – – – 30 x 34 x 0.9 x 83 x 64 x 1.3 x 4 x 1 x 6.7 x 93 34 2.7
Zambia 28 9 3.2 83 31 2.7 13 15 1.2 59 60 1.0 91 77 1.2 42 27 1.6 57 43 1.3
Zimbabwe 65 43 1.5 86 58 1.5 8 10 1.3 26 18 1.4 89 88 1.0 59 47 1.3 52 32 1.6
MEMORANDUM
Sudan and South Sudan s – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 44 † 14 † 3.1 †
ratio of
urban to
rural
SUMMARY INDICATORS #
Sub-Saharan Africa 56 33 1.7 76 40 1.9 15 24 1.6 38 31 1.2 83 67 1.2 34 25 1.4 43 23 1.9
Eastern and Southern
Africa 49 28 1.7 75 36 2.1 12 20 1.7 46 38 1.2 87 72 1.2 48 32 1.5 54 27 2.0
West and Central Africa 57 36 1.6 78 46 1.7 16 26 1.7 35 23 1.5 80 61 1.3 29 16 1.8 35 20 1.8
Middle East and North
Africa 91 72 1.3 84 57 1.5 – – – – – – – – – – – – 91 70 1.3
South Asia 52 32 1.6 73 40 1.8 31 43 1.4 39 32 1.2 – – – 33 14 2.3 60 28 2.1
East Asia and the Pacific 80 ** 65 ** 1.2 ** 95 88 1.1 5 10 2.0 46 ** 41 ** 1.1 ** 98 ** 95 ** 1.0 ** 24 ** 21 ** 1.1 ** 77 58 1.3
Latin America
and the Caribbean – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 84 60 1.4
CEE/CIS 97 96 1.0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 87 80 1.1
Least developed countries 50 31 1.6 76 40 1.9 18 27 1.5 47 41 1.1 86 73 1.2 35 24 1.4 48 30 1.6
World 65 ** 41 ** 1.6 ** 84 53 1.6 15 28 1.9 40 ** 33 ** 1.2 ** – – – – 18 ** – 79 47 1.7
s Due to the cession in July 2011 of the Republic of South Sudan by the Republic of the Sudan, and its subsequent admission to the United Nations on 14 July 2011, disaggregated data for the Sudan
and South Sudan as separate States are not yet available for all indicators. Aggregated data presented are for the Sudan pre-cession (see Memorandum item).
# For a complete list of countries and areas in the regions, subregions and country categories, see page 98.
DEFINITIONS OF THE INDICATORS
Birth registration – Percentage of children under age 5 who were registered
at the moment of the survey. This includes children whose birth certificate was
seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been
registered.
Skilled attendant at birth – Percentage of births attended by skilled health
personnel (doctor, nurse or midwife).
Underweight prevalence in children under 5 – Percentage of children under
age 5 who are below minus two standard deviations from median weight-forage
of the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards.
Diarrhoea treatment with oral rehydration salts (ORS) – Percentage
of children under age 5 who had diarrhoea in the two weeks preceding the
survey and who received oral rehydration salts (ORS packets or pre-packaged
ORS fluids).
Primary school net attendance ratio – Number of children attending
primary or secondary school who are of official primary school age, expressed
as a percentage of the total number of children of official primary school age.
Because of the inclusion of primary-school-aged children attending secondary
school, this indicator can also be referred to as a primary adjusted net
attendance ratio.
Comprehensive knowledge of HIV – Percentage of young women (aged
15–24) who correctly identify the two major ways of preventing the sexual
transmission of HIV (using condoms and limiting sex to one faithful, uninfected
partner), who reject the two most common local misconceptions about HIV
transmission and who know that a healthy-looking person can be HIV-positive.
Use of improved sanitation facilities – Percentage of the population using
any of the following sanitation facilities, not shared with other households:
flush or pour-flush latrine connected to a piped sewerage system, septic tank
or pit latrine; ventilated improved pit latrine; pit latrine with a slab; covered pit;
composting toilet.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Birth registration – Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), other
national surveys and vital registration systems.
Skilled attendant at birth – DHS, MICS and other nationally representative sources.
Underweight prevalence in children under 5 – DHS, MICS, other national household surveys, WHO and UNICEF.
Diarrhoea treatment with oral rehydration salts (ORS) – DHS, MICS and other national household surveys.
Primary school net attendance ratio – DHS, MICS and other national household surveys.
Comprehensive knowledge of HIV – AIDS Indicator Surveys (AIS), DHS, MICS and other national household
surveys; HIV/AIDS Survey Indicators Database, .
Use of improved sanitation facilities – UNICEF and WHO Joint Monitoring Programme.
Italicized disparity data are from different sources than the data for the same indicators presented
elsewhere in the report: Table 2 (Nutrition – Underweight prevalence), Table 3 (Health – Diarrhoea
treatment), Table 4 (HIV/AIDS – Comprehensive knowledge of HIV) and Table 8 (Women – Skilled
attendant at birth).
NOTES
− Data not available.
x Data refer to years or periods other than those specified in the column heading. Such data are not included in
the calculation of regional and global averages, with the exception of 2005–2006 data from India. Estimates
from data years prior to 2000 are not displayed.
y Data differ from the standard definition or refer to only part of a country. If they fall within the noted
reference period, such data are included in the calculation of regional and global averages.
† The WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme For Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP) closed its databases
for these estimates before the cession of the Republic of South Sudan by the Republic of the Sudan.
Aggregated data presented are for the Sudan pre-cession. Disaggregated data for the Sudan and South
Sudan as separate States will be published by the JMP in 2013.
* Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified in the column heading.
** Excludes China.
STATISTICAL TABLES 147