Adult Literacy in America - National Center for Education Statistics ...

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NALS 4 3 9 12 15 15 14 8 10 7 demonstrated proficiencies in Level 1 were out of the labor force — that is, not employed and not looking for work — compared with only 10 to 18 percent of the adults performing in each of the two highest levels (FIGURE 2.7). On the other hand, some 30 percent of the individuals in Level 1 and nearly 45 percent of those in Level 2 had full-time employment, compared with about 64 to 75 percent of the respondents who performed in the two highest literacy levels. The average proficiency results offer another perspective on the connection between literacy and labor force status. As seen in Figure 2.7, adults in the highest literacy levels were far more likely than those in the lowest levels to report being employed full time. As a result, the average proficiencies of full-time employees are quite high — 288, 284, and 290, across the three literacy scales (TABLE 2.2). Percentages of Adults In and Out of the Labor Force, by Literacy Level PROSE DOCUMENT QUANTITATIVE Level Employed full time Level Employed full time Level Employed full time 1 2 3 4 5 30 43 54 64 72 1 2 3 4 5 29 44 56 66 74 1 2 3 4 5 29 43 55 64 Employed part time Employed part time Employed part time 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 17 11 25 Unemployed Out of labor force Out of labor force Out of labor force 35 52 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 9 8 9 7 5 4 13 14 14 13 15 10 23 Unemployed Unemployed 34 53 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 9 9 6 4 3 9 14 15 13 11 24 18 13 34 53 Figure 2.7 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Level 1 0 to 225 Level 2 226 to 275 Level 3 276 to 325 Level 4 326 to 375 Level 5 376 to 500 Percentage in Each Labor Force Category Source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Adult Literacy Survey, 1992. Section II ......63 73
NALS Average Literacy Proficiencies, by Labor Force Status Weeks Worked 64 ......Section II Prose Document Quantitative Employed full time 288 284 290 Employed part time 284 277 280 Unemployed 260 257 256 Out of labor force 246 237 241 Source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Adult Literacy Survey, 1992. Working part time was more prevalent among adults in the higher literacy levels, though the differences across the levels were small. Accordingly, the average prose, document, and quantitative scores of part-time workers are only 4 to 10 points below those of adults working full time. Unemployment, on the other hand, was more prevalent among individuals who performed in the lowest literacy levels, and as a result, the average literacy proficiencies of unemployed adults are 27 to 34 points lower than those of full-time employees. The average proficiencies of adults who were out of the labor force — 246, 237, and 241, across the three scales — were 42 to 49 points lower than those of individuals who were employed full time. These disparities can be attributed to the relatively high percentages of adults in the lower literacy levels who were out of the labor force. All individuals who participated in the survey, regardless of their current or recent employment status, were asked how many weeks they had worked in the past 12 months. On each scale, individuals scoring in Levels 3, 4, and 5 worked more weeks in the past year than those performing in Level 2, who, in turn, worked more weeks than those in Level 1 (FIGURE 2.8). Table 2.2
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ADULT LITERACY in America A First L
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U.S. Department of Education Richar
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iv ......Contents Section II: The C
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vi ......Contents Figures and Table
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viii ......Contents Table 3.1: Perc
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Our thanks go to all those who carr
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xii ......Preface the last decade
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xiv ......Preface During the first
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adults received proficiency scores
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• The literacy proficiencies of y
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• Adults in the lowest level on e
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Historians remind us that during th
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xxii ......Executive Summary
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2 ......Introduction The plan for d
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4 ......Introduction embedded in pr
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6 ......Introduction oversampled to
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8 ......Introduction Further inform
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0 225 275 325 375 500 Source: U.S.
Page 37 and 38: About This Report This report is wr
Page 39 and 40: 14 ......Introduction
Page 41 and 42: 16 ......Section I are more challen
Page 43 and 44: NALS Percentages of Adults with Sel
Page 45 and 46: NALS Percentages of Adults Who Repo
Page 47 and 48: 22 ......Section I Twelve percent o
Page 49 and 50: NALS Average Literacy Proficiencies
Page 51 and 52: Percentage in Level Percentage in L
Page 53 and 54: Results by Parents’ Level of Educ
Page 55 and 56: Results by Age 30 ......Section I T
Page 57 and 58: NALS Average Years of Schooling, by
Page 59 and 60: 34 ......Section I When one compare
Page 61 and 62: NALS PROSE Average Proficiency Aver
Page 63 and 64: Age and Racial/Ethnic Differences 3
Page 65 and 66: Country of Birth and Racial/Ethnic
Page 67 and 68: 42 ......Section I appears among Bl
Page 69 and 70: Percentage in Level Percentage in L
Page 71 and 72: Results by Region Results by Sex 46
Page 73 and 74: NALS Percentages of Adults Born in
Page 75 and 76: Summary 50 ......Section I overrepr
Page 77 and 78: 52 ......Section I A strong relatio
Page 79 and 80: NALS Percentages of Adults Who Vote
Page 81 and 82: Aspects of Newspaper Reading 56 ...
Page 83 and 84: NALS Among Adults Who Read the News
Page 85 and 86: 60 ......Section II Individuals in
Page 87: NALS Level 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 3 1
Page 91 and 92: NALS Median Weekly Wages, by Litera
Page 93 and 94: Summary 68 ......Section II The gre
Page 95 and 96: 70 ......Section III the content an
Page 97 and 98: NALS 72 ......Section III The respo
Page 99 and 100: 74 ......Section III and the use of
Page 101 and 102: 76 ......Section III Prose Level 2
Page 107 and 108: 82 ......Section III Two other task
Page 109 and 110: Document Literacy 84 ......Section
Page 111 and 112: 86 ...... Section III Here is a Soc
Page 113 and 114: 88 ......Section III A second quest
Page 115 and 116: 90 ......Section III 12345678901234
Page 117 and 118: 92 ......Section III Other tasks in
Page 119 and 120: 94 ......Section III The NALS quant
Page 121 and 122: THEATER TRIP 96 ......Section III 1
Page 123 and 124: 98 ......Section III 12345678901234
Page 125 and 126: 100 ......Section III Quantitative
Page 127 and 128: NALS Average Probabilities of Succe
Page 129 and 130: 104 ......Section III classified as
Page 131 and 132: 106 ......Section III The failure t
Page 133 and 134: Table 3.4: Percentages and average
Page 135 and 136: 110 ......Section III Table 3.5D: P
Page 137 and 138: 112 ......Section III Relatively hi
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The sample designs for all 12 house
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for 60 strategically constructed su
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Finally, the survey collected infor
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made to include as broad a range as
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Administering the Data Collection I
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124 ......Appendix A Response Rates
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Data Entry 126 ......Appendix A The
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NALS 128 ......Appendix A common it
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A30endix 130 ......Appendix A .....
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132 ......Appendix B College: 2 or
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134......Appendix B Region Census d
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Employment Status Respondents were
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138 ......Appendix B Table 1.12A Av
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140 ......Appendix B
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144......Appendix B
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156 ......Appendix B Census Region
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RACE/ETHNICITY TABLE 1.10 Average P
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CENSUS REGION TABLE 1.11 Average Pr
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DISABILITIES Physical, Mental, Heal
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168......Appendix B
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174 ......Participants Mr. David Ne
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176 ......Participants Test Develop
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