Community guidelines for accessing forestry voluntary carbon ... - FAO

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Chapter 5: Project implementation: field work GPS devices are as easy to use as a mobile phone. They do not, of course, eliminate human error, but mistakes in data entry are usually very obvious and therefore easy to address. With a short introductory training programme, a handheld GPS can be used as a reliable mapping device by smallholders and local communities. It is particularly suited for use in combination with CyberTracker, which was initially designed as a tool for monitoring game by Bushmen in Namibia, many of whom are illiterate (see Figure 12). The software is now used much more widely and has therefore been adjusted to meet the needs of other communities, including community forest management groups. The CyberTracker PC Version 3 downloads data from a handheld GPS device onto a computer, where it can be viewed in tables and maps and exported for analysis. The unique icon and text interface design makes data capture very efficient (Zorpette, G. 2006; “Call of the Wild”, IEEE Spectrum). However, although as user-friendly as touching icons on a screen, it is still an expensive piece of equipment and external assistance is essential to ensure that data is transferred accurately and converted into maps that communities can recognize and use. If the project area is owned by multiple smallholders, or community management groups, all mapping activities, including boundary delineation, must be done in a participatory way. Local communities should be involved in all stages of the process, as they are probably most familiar not only with the specifics of the local forest and the boundaries, but often also with the forest products, tree species distribution, age class distributions, plant associations, potential threats and traditional management systems. In addition, involving local people in boundary mapping results in substantial cost savings, in comparison with using external professionals, and will transfer skills and knowledge to the local communities involved in the project. 119
Community guidelines for accessing forestry voluntary carbon markets According to studies and trials carried out with local communities during the K-TGAL project (see Box 2), 31 project teams can easily be trained in the combined use of the GPS and CyberTracker mentioned above, as well as with other similar user-friendly tools such as Google Earth. Besides K-TGAL itself, one of the best examples of this is the Scolel Té project in Mexico, which demonstrated that farmers can make their own measurements of stock increases in forests under their protection, for which they could then receive payments under the VCM. 32 Box 9 outlines the procedures that these communities followed in the mapping stage of the projects. Box 9: Three community-based mapping activities 1. Identification of forest inventory team members. These need to be people who are familiar with the forest and are active in its management. At least some must be literate/numerate. 2. Creation of a base map, database and carbon calculator programme through a handheld GPS device. Access to the internet will be needed to reference this information and transfer to a computer to create a useful map. 31 Peters-Guarin, G. & McCall, M.K. 2010. Community Carbon Forestry for REDD: Using CyberTracker for Mapping and Visualizing of Community Forest Management in the Context of REDD. K:TGAL Report, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, and CIGA UNAM, Morelia, Mexico. (Available at http://www.iapad.org/ publications/ppgis/CyberTracker_MMM_forest_carbon_REDD.pdf) 32 Corbera, E.; C. González Soberanis; and K. Brown. 2009. Institutional dimensions of payments for ecosystem services: an analysis of Mexico’s carbon forestry programme. Ecological Economics 68, 743-761; Bey, A. 2009. Using Technology to Enable Community-Based Forest Monitoring: From theory to implementation challenges and opportunities. November December 3, 2009 http://international.helveta.com/assets/Downloadablefile/WhitePaper_CIEarth_ AdiaBey_091203-16122.pdf 120
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RAP PUBLICATION 2012/16 Community g
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Foreword The impacts of climate cha
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Table of Contents Foreword iii Acro
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List of Boxes Box 1: Grouped projec
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SFE SFM SOC SOP UNFCCC USAID VCM VC
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Afforestation, Reforestation & Re-v
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Climate Change Adaptation 5 Adjustm
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minimum threshold values at maturit
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obtaining and maintaining project r
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1 Forests and climate change 19
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ANNEXES 171
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ANNEX I Part 1: Project description
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ANNEX I Describe the current and al
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ANNEX I Project Proponent(s) Name o
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ANNEX II Annex II: VCS PD template
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ANNEX III 3.4.5. Non-timber forest
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