Community guidelines for accessing forestry voluntary carbon ... - FAO

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Chapter 2: VCM project types and standards • Will a REDD forestry project be able to stop the deforestation or degradation? Some drivers can be readily addressed, while others have complex root causes and it will therefore be difficult to predict the impact of particular activities. Be realistic about what can be achieved through a REDD project. • Will the activities really be avoided or will they simply move to another area? Leakage is a particularly important issue for REDD projects. Box 6: REDD case study: Umiam sub-watershed REDD project Meghalaya, India This project builds on six years of support by Community Forestry International (CFI) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to the communities in the traditional kingdom of Mawphlang in the East Khasi Hills of Northeast India, one of the wettest places on Earth. CFI has been working with the Khasi indigenous communities to build the capacity of their traditional institutions to manage their forest resources both for sustainable production and for environmental services. The communities identified four key activities which they need to implement in order to reduce degradation of the forest environment: fire control, controlled grazing, sustainable fuelwood collection, and controlled quarrying. They drew up a contract among themselves, witnessed by CFI, committing to implement these activities, provided that CFI and the Indian government assist them in securing financial and technical assistance. This contract then formed the basis of a Project Idea Note (PIN) submitted to Plan Vivo Foundation in May 2011, which was approved in July, becoming the first REDD project in India. The emission 53
Community guidelines for accessing forestry voluntary carbon markets reductions generated through community-based forest management on 8 349 ha, specifically the four activities identified, will save over 400 000 tCO 2 e over a thirty-year period. The sale of the carbon credits, verified according to Plan Vivo Standards, will cover the opportunity costs and implementation costs of the project for the communities involved. The communities thus receive the finance that they need to implement the activities that they identified themselves. Any surplus resources can be spent on general community development activities. The Plan Vivo Standards are known for their particular attention to social safeguards, and can thus command premium prices for carbon credits on the VCM. About 95 percent of the land in the project area is officially community forest land under the direct ownership and control of the indigenous Khasi peoples, so all benefits of the project will accrue directly to them. The project is first and foremost a community forestry and livelihoods security venture, with REDD carbon credits as a means of financing these objectives. However, the existing carbon stocks (and the baseline for emission reductions) have not yet been accurately calculated, so the true income-generating potential of the project through the VCM is unclear. For more information, visit www.planvivo.org and download the Project Idea Note. Some of the answers to the above questions will be clear-cut, and starting a project will evidently be beneficial. However, if the answer to one or more of the questions is “It depends…”, then a more in-depth understanding of the various standards comes into play. The carbon standards that have emerged as the leading tools for project certification in the forestry VCM are discussed in section 2.7. 54
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RAP PUBLICATION 2012/16 Community g
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Foreword The impacts of climate cha
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Table of Contents Foreword iii Acro
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List of Boxes Box 1: Grouped projec
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SFE SFM SOC SOP UNFCCC USAID VCM VC
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Afforestation, Reforestation & Re-v
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Climate Change Adaptation 5 Adjustm
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minimum threshold values at maturit
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(PD) is an official term under one
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obtaining and maintaining project r
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5 Project implementation: field wor
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Chapter 5: Project implementation:
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6 Identifying, managing and quantif
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Chapter 7: Further help and advice
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Background information Table 9: Sou
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ANNEXES 171
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ANNEX I Part 1: Project description
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ANNEX I Describe the current and al
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ANNEX I Project Proponent(s) Name o
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ANNEX I Current status of acceptanc
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ANNEX I Baseline scenario What woul
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ANNEX I poverty alleviation, foreig
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ANNEX I Grants Give name of the org
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ANNEX I Part 4: Institutional detai
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ANNEX I Incentive systems List exis
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ANNEX II Annex II: VCS PD template
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ANNEX III Annex III: Example outlin
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ANNEX III 3.4.5. Non-timber forest
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ISBN 978-92-5-107322-3 9 7 8 9 2 5
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