Community guidelines for accessing forestry voluntary carbon ... - FAO

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Chapter 5: Project implementation: field work source of emissions. The use of fossil fuels in project activities is particularly important, so any additional travel, extra haulage equipment or harvesting machinery must be carefully recorded. These emissions will be subtracted from the project outcome to give net emission reductions. In some forestry VCM projects, only the AGWB carbon pool needs to be measured. In this case, the skills used for forest inventory (measuring tree height, diameter, stocking density, volume etc.) will probably be sufficient to carry out the fieldwork, provided that the inventory techniques used can yield a high level of accuracy. Forest inventory techniques will also be useful for measuring some of the other carbon pools. However, measuring SOC and BGB pools will require specialized skills that will need to be obtained either through training or by hiring external help. 5.4 Identifying and quantifying leakage Leakage (see Glossary and Chapter 2) is an increase in GHG emissions outside of the project area due to the activities implemented inside of the project area. Project managers, staff and partners are not directly responsible for leakage and may not be able to do much about it. However, every forestry VCM standard will expect the PD or PDD to describe how leakage will be minimized, and how leakage that cannot be avoided is quantified. One of the most common forms of leakage in forestry VCM projects is the displacement of activities such as fuel wood collection or shifting cultivation from the project area to other forests. As forest-dependent people near the project site generally carry out these activities, one of the most important strategies to minimize leakage is local consultation. This process facilitates appropriate project design and careful site 129
Community guidelines for accessing forestry voluntary carbon markets selection and gives the project developer an early start in detecting and avoiding potential leakage. It will also be necessary to demonstrate how the project plans to monitor the extent of leakage, or displacement of emissions. Most methods for monitoring leakage concentrate on a ‘buffer zone’ around the project boundary where the majority of leakage activities take place. See section 5.6 for further guidance on quantifying leakage, as well as the emissions that result directly from project implementation activities (sometimes referred to as ‘project-based leakage’). 5.5 Stakeholder consultation There is a moral and practical obligation for forestry VCM project developers to consult as widely and as transparently as possible before they undertake any project activity. Furthermore, stakeholder consultation and participation should be a constant and integral part of the forestry VCM project’s activities. A stakeholder can be one person, a group or organization that can affect the forestry VCM project, or can be affected by its implementation. It can also be a person or a group with an expressed interest in the project. The consultations need to initiate and sustain constructive relationships and dialogue throughout all project activities and plans. This can bring benefits to the project developers and facilitate the success of the project. Stakeholders must be identified before they can be consulted. The project developer must therefore carry out a stakeholder mapping process. This is just as important for projects where smallholders or local communities are the forest managers as where they are managed by private companies or government agencies. The stakeholder 130
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RAP PUBLICATION 2012/16 Community g
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Foreword The impacts of climate cha
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Table of Contents Foreword iii Acro
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List of Boxes Box 1: Grouped projec
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SFE SFM SOC SOP UNFCCC USAID VCM VC
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Afforestation, Reforestation & Re-v
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Climate Change Adaptation 5 Adjustm
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minimum threshold values at maturit
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(PD) is an official term under one
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obtaining and maintaining project r
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Community guidelines for accessing
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1 Forests and climate change 19
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Chapter 1: Forests and climate chan
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ANNEX I Current status of acceptanc
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ANNEX I Baseline scenario What woul
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ANNEX I poverty alleviation, foreig
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ANNEX I Grants Give name of the org
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ANNEX I Part 4: Institutional detai
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ANNEX I Incentive systems List exis
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ANNEX II Annex II: VCS PD template
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ANNEX III Annex III: Example outlin
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ANNEX III 3.4.5. Non-timber forest
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ISBN 978-92-5-107322-3 9 7 8 9 2 5
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