1961 US Commission on Civil Rights Report Book 2 - University of ...

Documentation-Book 2
NOTES: EDUCATION, Chapter 1
1. 347 U.S. 483 (1954).
2. Id. at 493.
3. Civil Rights Act of 1957, sees. ic>4(a) (2) and (3), 71 Stat. 635,
42 U.S.C., sec. i975c(a) (i95 8 )-
4. United States <strong>Commission</strong> on Civil Rights, Equal Protection of the
Laws in Public Higher Education, ig6o (hereinafter cited to as
Higher Education Report).
5. The 17 Southern States requiring racially segregated schools were:
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana,
Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma,
South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia.
The three States permitting segregation under certain circumstances
were: Arizona, Kansas, and New Mexico. Additionally, the laws
of the State of Wyoming permitted segregated schools but, in fact,
none were ever established.
6. Taylor v. Bd. of Education of New Rochelle, N.Y., 191 F. Supp. 181
(S.D. N.Y. <strong>1961</strong>), aff'd F. 2d (ad Cir. <strong>1961</strong>). A classification
based on race, religion or national origin has been held to be arbitrary,
hence, a denial of equal protection of the laws. See Hernandez
v. Texas, 347 U.S. 475, 477-78 (1954) (national origin);
Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356, 369 (1886) (race, color, or
nationality); Harris v. Sunset Islands Property Owners, Inc., 116
S. 2d 622, 625 (Fla. 1959) (religion). See also Griffin v. Illinois,
351 U.S. 12, 17 (1956) (poverty no more than religion, race, or
color).
7. 70 Stat. 293, as amended, 20 U.S.C. sees. 351-58 (1958).
8. 18 U.S.C. sec. 1509 (Supp. II, 1959-60).
9. Report of the United States <strong>Commission</strong> on Civil Rights, 1959 at
324 (hereinafter cited as 1959 Report.)
i o. "Where the Great Change Took Place," New York Times Magazine,
February 5, <strong>1961</strong>, p. 68.
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