1961 US Commission on Civil Rights Report Book 2 - University of ...

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Notes: Education, Chapter 4—Continued 40. Evans v. Ennis, 281 F. ad 385 (3d Cir. 1960). 41. See note 39, supra. 42. Aaron v. McKinley, 173 F. Supp. 944 (E.D. Ark. 1959). 43. Faubus v. Aaron, 361 U.S. 197 (1959). 44. Ark. Acts 1959, Vol. 2, Ex. Sess. 1958, No. 4, p. 2000. 45. Ark. Acts 1959, Vol. 2, Ex. Sess. 1958, No. 5, p. 2004, as amended, see also 7959 Report, 196-200. Ark. Acts 1959, Vol. i, No. 151, p. 936. 46. Gatlinburg Transcript 79-80. 47. For resume of facts, see Aaron v. Tucker, 186 F. Supp. 913 (E.D. Ark. 1960). 48. Gatlinburg Transcript 80. 49. Arkansas Gazette, Nov. 17, 1960, p. 13C. 50. So. School News, Oct. 1959, p. 2. 51. Ibid. 52. Ibid. 53. Ibid. 54. Ibid. 55. See note 38, supra. 56. Only 10 districts actually have biracial schools. The nth district, Ozark, that desegregated in 1957 has reverted to segregation. 57. Atlanta Constitution, Nov. 20, 1960, p. 6; So. School News, Sept. 1960, p. 10. 58. Arkansas State Advisory Committee, 7957-58 Enrollment Report. 59. Gatlinburg Transcript 176. 60. Id. at 164-65. Cf. 7959 Report 185-86. 61. So. School News, Oct. 1959, p. 6; and Oct. 1960, p. 15. 62. Letter From Director of Division of Research, Records and Information, Louisville Public Schools, to the <strong>Commission</strong>, Apr. 12, <strong>1961</strong>. 63. Ibid. 64. So. School News, Nov. 1960, p. 12. 65. The original order, Grimes v. Smith, Civ. No. 167, E.D. Ky., Feb. 20, 1958, 3 Race Rel. L. Rep. 454 (1958), allowed leave to request an extension of time. The report of the order, finally effective Sept. 1959, appears in So. School News, Oct. 1959, p. 10. 66. Report, Maryland State Department of Education, Division of Administration, Finance and Research, revised Feb. <strong>1961</strong>. 67. City of Baltimore school population from Superintendent of Public Schools of Baltimore, Williamsburg Transcript 41. Figures for remaining school districts from Report, supra, note 66. 68. Southern Educational Reporting Service, Status of School Segregation in the Southern and Border States, Nov. 1960, p. 11. 198
Notes: Education, Chapter 4—Continued 69. See note 67, supra. 70. Ibid. 71. Williamsburg Transcript 38-39. 72. The <strong>1961</strong> Report of the Missouri State Advisory Committee indicated that 90 percent of the Negro schoolchildren are concentrated in St. Louis and Kansas City. 73. So. School News, Feb. <strong>1961</strong>, p. 16. 74. Gatlinburg Transcript 18. 75. Information received from Administrative Assistant to the Superintendent of School Districts of Kansas City, Mo. by telephone June 9, <strong>1961</strong>. See also So. School News, Jan. <strong>1961</strong>^.4. 76. Gatlinburg Transcript 120. 77. Ibid. 78. Report of the North Carolina State Advisory Committee 2 (ig6o). 79. Ibid. 80. Ibid. 81. So. School News, Sept. 1959, p. 10. 82. See note 78, supra. 83. 4 Race Rel. L. Rep. 785(1959).. 84. So. School News, Oct. 1959, p. 14. 85. See So. School News, Apr. 1959, p. 4 (Wayne County), and Sept. 1960,p. 6 (Craven County). 86. N.C. Laws 1955, ch. 366, p. 309, as amended by N.C. Laws (Ex. Sess.) 1956, ch. 7, p. 14. 87. Griffith v. The Board of Education of Yancey County, 186 F. Supp. 511 (W.D.N.C. 1960). 88. Carson v. Warlick, 238 F. 2d 724 (4th Cir. 1956). See also Covington v. Edwards, 264 F. 2d 780 (4th Cir. 1959); Holt v. Raleigh City Board of Education, 265 F. 2d 95 (4th Cir. 1959). 89. See note 84, supra. 90. McCoy v. Greensboro City Board of Education, 179 F. Supp. 745 (M.D.N.C. 1960). 91. McCoy v. Greensboro City Board of Education, 283 F. 2d 667 (4th Cir. 1960). 92. So. School News, June <strong>1961</strong>, p. 5. 93. Holt v. Raleigh City Board of Education, supra, note 88, cert, denied, 361 U.S. 818 (1959). A Negro high school student was denied transfer to a white school under the N.C. Pupil Assignment Act for failure to exhaust administrative remedy. 94. Durham (N.C.) Morning Herald, Sept. 8, 1960, p. 4C. 95. Ibid. 95a. Durham (N.C.) Morning Herald, June 18, <strong>1961</strong>, p. 8A. 199
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1961 United States
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KF 4755 .A822 1961
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Page CHAPTER 4. DESEGREGATION IN TH
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Page Summary 135 CHAPTER 9. SOUTHER
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General Contents: Books 1-5 Book I:
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Foreword The United States
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Inaction of government officials ha
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pan iv. Education 1. Introduction O
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equire or permit segregation by rac
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for the two races. 8 After the clea
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district court might conclude after
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1. State-imposed racial segregation
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grants, for example? If so, what pr
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If initial assignments by race subj
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As the Court put it in Boiling v. S
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seems to arise. The cost of public
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children of the same family to atte
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The Fifth Circuit appears to be on
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to exhaust administrative remedies
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students wishing to do so could reg
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In Northcross v. Board of Education
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standards, was rejected on "attitud
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Curriculum disparities as between w
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to be approved or disapproved by a
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their schools, as required by law."
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4. Desegregation in the South By Ma
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enrollment. In September 1960, Air
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the school year. 88 While the numbe
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hand, they were openly—this time
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Maryland All of the 23 school distr
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tion. 80 One Negro pupil was assign
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The North Carolina Advisory Committ
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eligible Negro students quietly ent
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white counterparts. Their overall a
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Fairfax County, which has a very sm
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Our dual system of schools is the b
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having only a few Negro pupils have
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The Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of
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to maintain segregated schools for
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and authorized school boards to pro
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desegregated schools. 86 This legis
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and New Orleans—was under court o
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It had become clear that New Orlean
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South Carolina Statutes enacted dur
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6. The Threat to Education ... no i
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act, and a 1959 amendment withholdi
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ther to close other schools in any
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given authority to call an election
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from certain schools was voided by
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funds were available. The school bo
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The financing of these private scho
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and other forms of governmental par
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should be kept in mind when we spea
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public schools because of tuition g
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7. Segregation North and West At le
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y school authorities. All these pow
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easonable, and educationally sound.
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classes and school, attend the scho
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choice is between two schools havin
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thorough elimination of segregation
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INFERIORITY OF THE SCHOOL From 1896
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Having put the power of assignment
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suit in serious disparities in staf
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sponsored; others are private, volu
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same students had made the previous
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sional techniques involved in purpo
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Another approach is to improve his
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January January 1958 1961</
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IQ scores of 108, 128, 99, and 125
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1. The gains in reading comprehensi
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Inservice programs to upgrade teach
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serves. Thus, Oak Park and Carver p
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sponsored. An exception is the tuto
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9. Southern Libraries Sixteen years
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council adopted an ordinance restri
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three Negro students from Virginia
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conduct of public library services.
Page 163 and 164: Act program, the Southern States re
Page 165 and 166: 10. Role of the Executive Branch Ea
Page 167 and 168: or to submit plans to accomplish de
Page 169 and 170: gate and report his findings. On th
Page 171 and 172: THE LOUISIANA CASES An Interpositio
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Page 175 and 176: As to the contention that the Unite
Page 177 and 178: At the hearing at which the court r
Page 179 and 180: Appropriate action to vindicate the
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Page 183 and 184: 11. The Colleges In January <strong
Page 185 and 186: applicants seeking admission to sai
Page 187 and 188: In May 1961 a Negr
Page 189 and 190: 12. Conclusions The Nation's progre
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Page 193 and 194: have made some start towards compli
Page 195 and 196: Need for Federal protection 17. The
Page 197 and 198: of equal protection in public schoo
Page 199 and 200: tended, to serve as a clearinghouse
Page 201: the number and ethnic classificatio
Page 204 and 205: NOTES: EDUCATION, Chapter 2 1. Brow
Page 206 and 207: Notes: Education, Chapter 3—Conti
Page 212 and 213: NOTES: EDUCATION, Chapter 4 1. Cf.
Page 234 and 235: NOTES: EDUCATION, Chapter 7 1. See
Page 246 and 247: Notes: Education, Chapter 10—Cont
Page 248 and 249: Notes: Education, Chapter 10—Cont
Page 250 and 251: Notes: Education, Chapter u—Conti
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Page 254 and 255: TABLE 2.—Status of segregation-de
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Page 258 and 259: EXHIBIT i Bureau of the Budget No.
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U.S. Commission on
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LIST OF CASES CITED—Continued Pag
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LIST OF GASES CITED—Continued In
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LIST OF GASES CITED—Continued Pag
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