Medicinal Plants Classification Biosynthesis and ... - Index of

Biosyntheses and Bioactivities of Flavonoids in the Medicinal...
3. Natural Resources
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huangqin in Chinese) is the most widely used in China
and in several oriental countries. The other Scutellaria species used in the traditional Chinese
medicines are Scutellaria viscidula Bge, Scutellaria amoena C.H., Scutellaria rehderiana
Diels, Scutellaria ikonnikovi Juz, Scutellaria likiangensis Diels, and Scutellaria hypericifolia
Levl. Most flavonoids reported in S. baicalensis Georgi were also found in other Scutellaria
species. More than 60 flavonoids have been identified from different sources of Scutellaria
[Arfan et al., 2003; Li-Weber, 2009; Stutte, Eraso & Rimando, 2008; Zhang et al., 2005]. In
addition, Oroxylum indicum contained also baicalein and baicalin [Chen, Games & Jones,
2003; Roy et al., 2007; Sun, Sun & Liu, 2006].
O
OH
OH
COOH
OH
O
R1
R 2
OH
Baicalin (R1=OH, R2=H)
Wogonin 7-O-glucuronide (R1=H, R2=OMe)
Oroxylin A 7-O-glucuronide (R1=OMe, R2=H)
HO
R1
R 2
OH
Baicalein (R1=OH, R2=H)
Wogonin (R1=H, R2=OMe)
Oroxylin A (R1=OMe, R2=H)
Figure 1. Chemical structures of six S. baicalensis active components [Li, Jiang & Chen, 2004].
O
O
O
O
4. Biosyntheses
Biosyntheses of the flavonoids from S. baicalensis Georgi were carried out mostly using
cells or organs culture system. The strategies used for improving the flavonoids production
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