Biosyntheses <strong>and</strong> Bioactivities <strong>of</strong> Flavonoids in the <strong>Medicinal</strong>... Hwang, S. J. (2006). Baicalin production in transformed hairy root clones <strong>of</strong> Scutellaria baicalensis. Biotech. Bioproc. Eng., 11, 105-109. Kim, D. H., Cho, K. H., Moon, S. K., Kim, Y. S., Kim, D. H., Choi, J. S. & Chung, H. Y. (2005). Cytoprotective mechanism <strong>of</strong> baicalin against endothelial cell damage by peroxynitrite. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 57, 1581-1590. Kim, D. H., Jeon, S. J., Son, K. H., Jung, J. W., Lee, S., Yoon, B. H., Lee, J. J., Cho, Y. W., Cheong, J. H., Ko, K. H. & Ryu, J. H. (2007). The ameliorating effect <strong>of</strong> oroxylin A on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Neurobiol. Learn. Memory, 87, 536-546. Kim, D. H., Jeon, S. J., Son, K. H., Jung, J. W., Lee, S., Yoon, B. H., Choi, J. W., Cheong, J. H., Ko, K. H. & Ryu, J. H. (2006). Effect <strong>of</strong> the flavonoid oroxylin A on transient cerebral hypoperfusion-induced memory impairment in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 85, 658-668. Kim, D. H., Kim, S., Jeon, S. J., Son, K. H., Lee, S., Yoon, B. H., Cheong, J. H., Ko, K. H. & Ryu, J. H. (2008). The effects <strong>of</strong> acute <strong>and</strong> repeated oroxylin A treatments on a beta (25- 35)-induced memory impairment in mice. Neuropharmacology, 55, 639-647. Kim, H., Kim, Y. S., Kim, S. Y. & Suk, K. (2001). The plant flavonoid wogonin suppresses death <strong>of</strong> activated C6 rat glial cells by inhibiting nitric oxide production. Neurosci. Lett., 309, 67-71. Krakauer, T., Li, B. Q. & Young, H. A. (2001). The flavonoid baicalin inhibits superantigen- induced inflammatory cytokines <strong>and</strong> chemokines. Febs Lett., 500, 52-55. Kuzovkina, I. N., Guseva, A. V., Kovacs, D., Szoke, E. & Vdovitchenko, M.Y. (2005). Flavones in genetically transformed Scutellaria baicalensis roots <strong>and</strong> induction <strong>of</strong> their synthesis by elicitation with methyl jasmonate. Russian J. Plant Physiol., 52, 77-82. Kyo, R., Nakahata, N., Sakakibara, I., Kubo, M. & Ohizumi, Y. (1998). Baicalin <strong>and</strong> baicalein, constituents <strong>of</strong> an important medicinal plant, inhibit intracellular Ca 2+ elevation by reducing phospholipase C activity in C6 rat glioma cells. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 50, 1179-1182. Lam, T. L., Lam, M. L., Au, T. K., Ip, D. T. M., Ng, T. B., Fong, W.P. & Wan, D.C.C. (2000). A comparison <strong>of</strong> human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease inhibition activities by the aqueous <strong>and</strong> methanol extracts <strong>of</strong> Chinese medicinal herbs. Lif. Sci., 67, 2889-2896. Lee, E., Enomoto, R., Suzuki, C., Ohno, M., Ohashi, T., Miyauchi, A., Tanimoto, E., Maeda, K., Hirano, H., Yokoi, T., Sugahara, C. & Diederich, M. (2007). Wogonin, a plant flavone, potentiates etoposide-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Sig. Tran. Path, Part C - Cell Sig. Health Disease, 1095, 521-526. Lee, C. J., Lee, J. H., Seok, J. H., Hur, G. M., Park, Y. C., Seol, I. C. & Kim, Y. H. (2003). Effects <strong>of</strong> baicalein, berberine, curcumin <strong>and</strong> hesperidin on mucin release from airway goblet cells. Planta Medica., 69. 523-526. Lee, S. W., Song, G. S., Kwon, C. H. & Kim, Y. K. (2005). Beneficial effect <strong>of</strong> flavonoid baicalein in cisplatin-induced cell death <strong>of</strong> human glioma cells. Neurosci. Lett., 382, 71-75. Li, B. Q., Fu, T., Gong, W. H., Dunlop, N., Kung, H. F., Yan, Y. D., Kang, J. & Wang, J. M. (2000a). The flavonoid baicalin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by binding to chemokines. Immunopharmacology, 49, 295-306. 161
162 Hua-Bin Li, Dan Li, Ren-You Gan et al. Li, B. Q., Fu, T., Yao, D. Y., Mikovits, J. A., Ruscetti, F. W. & Wang, J. M. (2000b). Flavonoid baicalin inhibits HIV-1 infection at the level <strong>of</strong> viral entry. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 276, 534-538. Li, H. B. & Chen F. (2005). Isolation <strong>and</strong> purification <strong>of</strong> baicalein, wogonin <strong>and</strong> oroxylin A from the medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J.Chromatogr. A, 1074, 107-110. Li, H. B. & Chen, F. (2008). Application <strong>of</strong> high-speed counter-current chromatography to the isolation <strong>of</strong> bioactive natural products. In: Steven M. Colegate <strong>and</strong> Russell J. Molyneux (Eds), Bioactive Natural Products: Detection, Isolation <strong>and</strong> Structural Determination (Second Edition). CRC Press; pp. 267-298. Li, H. B., Jiang, Y. & Chen, F. (2004). Separation methods used for Scutellaria baicalensis active components. J.Chromatogr. B, 812, 277-290. Li, H. B., Wong, C. C., Cheng, K. W. & Chen, F. (2008). Antioxidant properties in vitro <strong>and</strong> total phenolic contents in methanol extracts from medicinal plants. LWT-FOOD Sci. Technol., 41, 385-390. Li-Weber, M. (2009). New therapeutic aspects <strong>of</strong> flavones: The anticancer properties <strong>of</strong> Scutellaria <strong>and</strong> its main active constituents wogonin, baicalein <strong>and</strong> baicalin. Cancer Treatment Reviews, 35, 57-68. Liao, J. F., Hung, W. Y. & Chen, C. F. (2003). Anxiolytic-like effects <strong>of</strong> baicalein <strong>and</strong> baicalin in the Vogel conflict test in mice. Europ. J. Pharmacol., 464, 141-146. Lim, B. O. (2003). Effects <strong>of</strong> wogonin, wogonoside- <strong>and</strong> 3, 5, 7, 2', 6'-pentahydroxyflavone on chemical mediator production in peritoneal exduate cells <strong>and</strong> immunoglobulin E <strong>of</strong> rat mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes. J. Ethnopharmacol., 84, 23-29. Lim, B. O. (2004). Efficacy <strong>of</strong> wogonin in the production <strong>of</strong> immunoglobulins <strong>and</strong> Cytokines by mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes in mouse colitis induced with dextran sulfate sodium. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 68, 2505-2511. Lin, Y. T., Yang, J. S., Lin, H. J., Tan, T. W., Tang, N. Y., Chaing, J. H., Chang, Y. H., Lu, H. F. & Chung, J. G. (2007). Baicalein induces apoptosis in SCC-4 human tongue cancer cells via a Ca 2+ -dependent mitochondrial pathway. In Vivo, 21, 1053-1058. Lin, M. C., Tsai, M. J. & Wen, K. C. (1999). Supercritical fluid extraction <strong>of</strong> flavonoids from Scutellariae Radix. J. Chromatogr. A, 830, 387-395. Liu, J. J., Huang, T. S., Cheng, W. F. & Lu, F. J. (2003). Baicalein <strong>and</strong> baicalin are potent inhibitors <strong>of</strong> angiogenesis: Inhibition <strong>of</strong> endothelial cell proliferation, migration <strong>and</strong> differentiation. Internat. J. Canc., 106, 559-565. Liu, L. Y., Wei, E. Q., Zhao, Y. M., Chen, F. X., Wang, M. L., Zhang, W. P. & Chen, Z. (2005). Protective effects <strong>of</strong> baicalin on oxygen/glucose deprivation- <strong>and</strong> NMDAinduced injuries in rat hippocampal slices. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 57, 1019-1025. Liu, C., Wu, J. L., Gu, J., Xiong, Z., Wang, F., Wang, J. Z., Wanu, W. & Chen, J.G. (2007). Baicalein improves cognitive deficits induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 86, 423-430. Liu, Y. Y., Yeh, P. H., Wang, G. J., Huang, S. W., Chi, C. W., Ho, L. K. & Pan, W. H. T. (2006). Baicalein reverses the methamphetamine-induced striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice. J. Food Drug Anal., 14, 317-322.
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BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE, INDUS
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Industrial Biotechnology Shara L. A
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Copyright © 2009 by Nova Science P
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viii Contents Chapter 8 Pharmacolog
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x Alejandro Varela and Jasiah Ibañ
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xii Alejandro Varela and Jasiah Iba
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xiv Alejandro Varela and Jasiah Iba
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In: Medicinal Plants: Classificatio
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Biological Effects of -Carotene acy
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Biological Effects of -Carotene cry
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Biological Effects of -Carotene A (
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50 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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52 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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54 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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56 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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58 [2] Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara S
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60 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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62 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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64 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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66 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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68 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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70 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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Huperzia saururus (Lam.) Trevis. Mi
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74 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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76 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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PNEUMONOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
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80 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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82 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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84 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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88 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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92 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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94 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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96 Gustavo J. Martínez, Mara Sato
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98 Aracely E. Chávez-Piña and And
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100 Aracely E. Chávez-Piña and An
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102 Aracely E. Chávez-Piña and An
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106 Aracely E. Chávez-Piña and An
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212 Chien-Yi Chen collected from na
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214 Chien-Yi Chen primary enzyme in
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216 Chien-Yi Chen [20] Liu SM, Chun
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218 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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220 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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228 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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230 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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232 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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234 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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236 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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238 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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240 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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242 S.M.M. Vasconcelos, J.E.R. Hon
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244 Sônia Sin Singer Brugiolo, Luc
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246 Sônia Sin Singer Brugiolo, Luc
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248 Sônia Sin Singer Brugiolo, Luc
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250 Sônia Sin Singer Brugiolo, Luc
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252 Sônia Sin Singer Brugiolo, Luc
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254 Sônia Sin Singer Brugiolo, Luc
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256 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn Keyword
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258 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn No addi
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260 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn The rob
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262 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn Validat
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264 Naphthodianthrones C.W. Huck an
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266 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn Figure
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268 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn Figure
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270 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn hierarc
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272 C.W. Huck and G.K. Bonn [17] Hu
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In: Medicinal Plants Classification
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What is the Future of Phytotherapy?
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In: Medicinal Plants Classification
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Quality Control of Polysaccharides
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Quality Control of Polysaccharides
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Quality Control of Polysaccharides
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Quality Control of Polysaccharides
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Quality Control of Polysaccharides
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Quality Control of Polysaccharides
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Quality Control of Polysaccharides
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Origins Targets Neisseria meningiti
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316 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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318 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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320 2.7. General Toxicity Tests Phi
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322 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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324 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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326 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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328 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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330 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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332 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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334 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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336 Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Ste
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338 age-related macular degeneratio
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340 B lymphocytes, 7 babies, 60, 62
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342 cell surface, 229 cellular adhe
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344 cultivation, 75, 76, 83, 85, 14
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346 embryonic stem cells, 47 emotio
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348 gas, xiii, 21, 104, 131, 145, 1
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350 high-performance liquid chromat
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352 institutions, 84 instruments, 2
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354 lung, ix, 1, 6, 16, 17, 22, 23,
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356 mucosa, x, 2, 19, 97, 98, 99, 1
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358 oxidative, 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13,
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360 polyunsaturated fatty acids, 10
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362 Reserpine, 328 reservation, 143
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364 SPT, 135 squamous cell carcinom
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366 transcription, 8, 35, 152 trans