Medicinal Plants Classification Biosynthesis and ... - Index of

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Philippe N. Okusa, Caroline Stevigny and Pierre Duez
Table 1. (Continued)
Compounds Medicinal plants Antimicrobial property References
Activity MO highly
sensitive
MIC
range
(µg/ml)
3-31
62
3
1.5
100
ent-beyer-15-en-19-ol Helichrysum tenax Antibacterial B.c, S.e
(Drewes et al.,
(Asteraceae)
Antifungal C.a
2006)
imberbic acid Combretum imberbe Antibacterial S.a
(Katerere et al.,
(Combrataceae) Antimucobacterial M.f
2003; Angeh et al.,
Antifungal C.a
2007)
11-hydroxy-12-oxo- Plectranthus elegans Antibacterial S.a, B.S 10-40 (Dellar et al., 1996)
7,9(ll),13-abietatriene (Lamiaceae)
Epidioxysterol Morinda citrifolia Antibacterial S.a, P.a - (Levand et Larson,
Antimucobacterial M.t 2.5 1979; Saludes et al.,
Antifungal F.o - 2002)
serrulatic acid
Alkaloids
Eremophila sturtii
(Myoporaceae)
Antibacterial S.a 15 (Liu et al., 2006)
Cocsoline Albertisia villosa Antibacterial S.t, E.c, S.s 16-32 (Otshudi et al.,
(Menispermaceae) Antifungal C.a 32 2005)
Antiparasitic Pf 0.55µM
Cryptolepine Cryptolepis sanguinolenta Antibacterial Cs 12 (Sawer et al., 1995;
(Periplocaceae) Antimucobacterial Mt, Mf 12-16 Cimanga et al.,
1996; Paulo et al.,
2000; Gibbons et al.,
2003)
condaline A Condalia buxifolia
(Rhamnaceae)
Antibacterial K.p, E.c 3 – 6 (Morel et al., 2002)
8-acetonyldihydronitidine Zanthoxylum tetraspermum Antibacterial S.a 1.56 (Nissanka et al.,
Plant defensins
Antifungal C.a - 2001)
RsAFP2 Raphanus sativus Antibacterial
- (Terras et al., 1992;
(Brassicaceae)
Antifungal F.s 0.2 µM Thevissen et al.,
1996; Gutierrez et
Perez, 2004)
Cn-AMP1 Cocos nucifera
Antibacterial Sa, Pa 80 (Mandal et al.,
(Arecaceae)
2008)
Cy-AMP1 Cycas revoluta
Antibacterial C.m 7.3 (Yokoyama et al.,
(Cycadaceae)
Antifungal F.o 6 2008)
Legend:MO: microorganisms, MIC: mimimum inhibitory concentration, S.a: Staphylococcus aureus,
B.s: Bacillus subtilis, E.c: Escherichia coli, C.a: Candida albicans, P.s: Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
L.m : Leishmania major, M.s : Mucobacterium smegmatis, M.t : Mucobacterium tuberculosis, C.g :
Candida gabrata, K.p : Klebsiella pneumoniae, F.s : Fusarium solani, F.o : Fusarium oxysporum,
C.m : Clavibacterium michiganensis, S.m : Serratia marcescens, E.cl :Enterobacter cloacae, H.p :
Helicobacter pylori
3.1.2. Detergent-Like Membrane Disruption
Microbial membrane disruption can occur either by formation of pores which increase
the membrane permeability to ions and larger molecules, or by hydrolysis of membrane
phospholipids. Most of these bactericidal agents are peptides or peptide-based molecules that
have been either isolated from natural sources or synthetically designed. Lipophilic
flavonoids and terpenoids may also disrupt the microbial membranes.