Medicinal Plants Classification Biosynthesis and ... - Index of

Quality Control of Polysaccharides from Medicinal Plants and Fungi
available, while viscosity [18,19] and refractive index (RI) [20-22] can be used for
determining the purity of polysaccharides. Though the homogeneity of purified
polysaccharides can be indicated by the stable optical rotation achieved in aqueous solution
at a certain temperature [23-24], the variations are great depending on the conditions so the
method isn't decisive. Therefore, chromatographic methods including paper chromatography
(PC) [25], thin layer chromatography (TLC) [26], gel permeation/filtration chromatography
(GPC/GFC) [27,28], size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) [29], as well as electrophoresis
[19,27] are widely applied for more decisive qualitative analysis [30-36] (Table 2). Diffusion
ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) is also a rapid method for verifying purity of polysaccharides
[37]. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can provide the structural
characteristics of polysaccharides, which is sensitive for the purity test [38,67]. In general, at
least two methods should be used for purity assay in order to obtain an appropriate result.
Techniques
HPLC
GCC
PC
TLC
Highvoltage
PE
Table 2. The methods for purity test and molecular
weight (MW) measurement of polysaccharides
Methods
Solvent Column Detection
H2O Ultrahydrogel 500 or
Shodex SUGAR KS-805
DMSO, H2O,
HAc- NaAc
buffer, LiNO3,
NaCl or NaNO3
H2O, Na2SO4,
NaCl, Na2Ac,
NaOAc, NaNO3,
NaNO3 and
NaH2PO4 or
Phosphate buffer
Plaquagel–OH,
Sepharose 6B, Shodex
OHpak, TSKgel series,
Ultrahydrogel series or
Waters Hsp-Gel AQ5.0
Biosep SEC, Shodex
OHpak and SUGAR,
TSKgel series,
Ultrahydrogel series or
Superose 6 HR
Propose Ref.
UV Purity 30, 43, 50
RI, UV, LLS,
RALLS, LALLS,
MALLS or Viscometer
RI, UV, ELSD or
MALLS
NaCl or H2O Sephadex gel Phenol–H2SO4
assay
H2O or DMSO Sepharose, Sephacryl,
Toyopearl, Sephadex,
Superdex, Plaquagel- OH
or TSKgel series
Not mentiond Whatman Nos. 1 and 3
mm sheets
RI , Phenol–
sulfuric acid
method or
MALDI-TOF MS
Alkaline silver
nitrate regent
Not mentiond Cellulose plate Silver nitrate
solution
MW 18, 23,
27, 91,
100, 103,
104, 118-
131
Purity,
MW
20-22, 24,
34-36,
40-42,
44-66
Purity 26, 27, 40
MW 25, 28,
43, 83,
132-140
Purity 25
Purity 26
285