Medicinal Plants Classification Biosynthesis and ... - Index of

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Sônia Sin Singer Brugiolo, Luciana Valente Borges, Daniel Sales Pimenta et al.
Leishmanicide Activity
The hexanic, methanolic and aqueous crude extracts, obtained of leaves, and the fractions
hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous residue obtained of the
partitions of the methanolic extract were evaluated against Leishmania major's promastigotes,
in infected mice. The more apolar constituents evidenced activity, being the more effective
the hexane extract and the hexane and dichloromethane fractions (PIMENTA, 2002).
Hypocolesterolemic Activity
Cardoso et al. (2005) evaluated the activity of the aqueous extract on the plasma levels of
cholesterol in mice treated with the oily solution of cholesterol in comparison with control
animals and they verified the reduction of 2% of the cholesterol in treated animals with the
tea to 5%, and in normal animals, for which the tea was given to 2,5%.
In Vitro Antineoplastic Activity
Pimenta (2002) conducted a screening for pharmacological assessment of the ability to
inhibit proliferation of tumor cells through in vitro tests, using the extracts of cultures of
strains of tumor cells SP2/0 (myeloma of mouse), NEURO 2A (neuroblastoma of mouse),
J774 (macrophages of mouse), LLC-MK2 (epithelial cells from kidney of monkey), Erlich
carcinoma (sarcoma induced by metilcolantreno), BW (the mouse lymphoma) and P3653
(plasmacytoma of mice). The crude extracts (hexanic, methanolic and aqueous) and the
partitions more apolar from the methanolic crude extract (dichloromethane and hexane
fractions) were the most promising against neoplasia.
Toxicity
Most of the studies on toxicity of Echinodorus refer to E. macrophyllus that is not object
of that chapter. The toxicity of E. grandiflorus was not still studied appropriately, having
only two works in the literature.
In 2005, Polacchine evaluated the acute toxicity in mice, treated with the tea of the leaves
of Echinodorus grandiflorus orally in the doses of 0,5, 1,0, 2,0 and 4,0g/kg of body weight,
no deaths were recorded in 24 hours.
Brugiolo et al. (2008) evaluated the effect of the doses of 500 and 1000mg/kg of the
lyophilized aqueous extract of Echinodorus grandiflorus administered orally on the
hematological and biochemical parameters of female Wistar rats, treated during 14 days postinsemination,
observing anemia in the two doses and leukocytosis and hypercholesterolemia
in the dose of 1000mg/kg.