Plutonium Biokinetics in Human Body A. Luciani - Kit-Bibliothek - FZK

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42. Mayall, A., Thomas, S., and Cooper, J. Radioactive effluents from nuclear power stations and nuclear fuel reprocessing plants in the European community. 1977- 1986. Part 2 Radiological Aspects. EUR15928EN, European Commission, Bruxelles, 1994. 43. Hohryakov, V.F., Syslova, C.G. and Skryabin, A.M. Plutonium and the risk of cancer. A comparative analysis of Pu-body burdens due to releases from nuclear plants (Chelyabinsk-65, Gomel area) and global fallout. Sci. Total Environ. 142:101- 104, 1994. 44. Kossenko, M.M., Hoffman, D.A., and Thomas, T.L. Stochastic effects of environmental radiation exposure in populations living near the Mayak industrial association: preliminary report on study of cancer morbidity. Health Phys. 79(1):55-62, 2000. 45. Schneider, M. and Coeytaux, X. L’industrie du plutonium: de l’effriment d’un mythe à l’urgence d’une reconversion. In Controle – La Revue de l’Autorité de Sûreté Nucléaire, 138:94-98, 2001. 46. Oi, N. Plutonium challenges: changing dimension of global cooperation. IAEA Bulletin, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 40(1):12-16, 1998. 47. Murray, R.L. Nuclear Energy: an introduction to the concepts, systems and applications of nuclear process. Fourth Edition, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1993. 48. Albright, D., Berkhout, F. and Walker, W. World inventory of plutonium and highly enriched uranium - 1992. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993. 49. Pelliccioni, M. Fondamenti fisici della radioprotezione. Pitagora Editrice, Bologna, 1989. 50. Melandri, C. Fondamenti di dosimetria interna. ENEA, Roma, 1992. 51. Le Guen, B. Intakes routes and biological bases. In the Proceedings of Assessments of doses from occupational intakes of radionuclides, 6 – 10 October 1997, Mol, Belgium, 1997. 52. International Commission on Radiological Protection. Individual monitoring for internal exposure of workers: replacement of ICRP 54. ICRP Publication 78. Pergamon Press, Oxford; Ann. ICRP 27(3-4); 1998. 53. Hinds, W.C. Aerosol Technology – Properties, behaviour and measurement of airborne particles. Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1982. 54. International Commission on Radiological Protection. Radiation dose to patients from radiopharmaceuticals. ICRP Publication 80. Pergamon Press, Oxford; Ann. ICRP 28(3); 1998. 164
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Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in der
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Für diesen Bericht behalten wir un
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i ABSTRACT The biokinetic model pre
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ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Das von der Interna
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1 INDEX OF CONTENTS INDEX OF SYMBOL
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3 INDEX OF SYMBOLS Here a short glo
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Chapter 1 Introduction 5
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the duties of the Department for Ra
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adionuclide. Therefore only isotope
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stabilise the +4 oxidation state [1
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techniques adopted in the early pha
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present in spent and MOX reactor fu
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INTRAVENOUS INJECTION skin WOUND bl
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functions, defined as retained and
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the contamination event, of such as
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Table 1.3.2 Indicative 239 Pu detec
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The kinetics of Plutonium in the ki
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1.4.2 COMMENTS ON THE ICRP 67 MODEL
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Chapter 2 Data and measurements 31
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Therefore the radiolysis process, m
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Recent technologic developments in
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eu(t) = 0.19e −0.272t + 0.023e
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function for each of the considered
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the minimum detectable activity of
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2.2.2 AVAILABLE MEASUREMENTS Immedi
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Table 2.2.4 Daily fecal excretion o
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elements the spectral distribution
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The phoswich detector is based on t
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HPGe crystals are produced in cylin
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This quantity is normally expressed
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The peak is located in the region B
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To introduce the second quantity, t
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117 cm 3 h -1 for the incoming and
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Figure 2.3.8 The Lawrence Livermore
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three detectors are used. Two detec
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Table 2.3.4 Efficiency factors of p
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• the necessity of performing mea
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Table 2.3.7 Impulses in the measure
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2.4 ACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS IN BIOASS
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If more then one radionuclide is ma
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L A is the air layer in µgcm -2 ;
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The electrodeposition cell used for
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Table 2.4.1 238 Pu, 239 Pu and 241
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3.1.1 MATHEMATICAL TOOLS 3.1.1.1 So
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calculating the amount of Plutonium
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3.1.2 ANALYSIS OF THE ICRP 67 MODEL
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empirical curves given by Langham,
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the worst performance of the group.
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leave the total clearance from the
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Figure 3.1.4 shows that the use of
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3.1.3 MODIFICATION OF ICRP 67 MODEL
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The structure of Polig’s skeleton
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Percentage daily urinary excretion
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of 0.693d -1 . The values of the F
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Percentage daily urinary excretion
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the basis of all the reference data
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Table 3.1.10 Transfer rates of the
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3.1.4 VERIFICATION OF THE OPTIMIZED
Page 123 and 124: Table 3.1.13 Intakes and percentage
Page 125 and 126: soft tissue ST2 soft tissue ST0 sof
Page 127 and 128: For the routine application of Mode
Page 129 and 130: excreted by individuals aged sixty
Page 131 and 132: Table 3.1.20 Exponents and coeffici
Page 133 and 134: tract [57] to consider a contaminat
Page 135 and 136: The sensitivity coefficients for th
Page 137 and 138: Sensitivity coefficients S i Figure
Page 139 and 140: transfer rates on the Plutonium uri
Page 141 and 142: Geometric standard deviations rangi
Page 143 and 144: Percentage daily urinary excretion
Page 145 and 146: Percentage daily urinary excretion
Page 147 and 148: 3.2 APPLICATION OF THE OPTIMIZED MO
Page 149 and 150: lymph nodes, as in the LLNL phantom
Page 151 and 152: Americium in the lungs [Bq] 1000 10
Page 153 and 154: Daily urinary excretion [Bqd -1 ] 1
Page 155 and 156: long time is not yet described by t
Page 157 and 158: excretion that is one of the main i
Page 159 and 160: The comparison of model’s predict
Page 161 and 162: Americium in the lungs [Bq] 1000 10
Page 163 and 164: 153 CONCLUSIONS The optimized model
Page 165 and 166: Annex Quantities used in Radiologic
Page 167 and 168: present. As the radiation weighting
Page 169 and 170: w R is the radiation weighting fact
Page 171 and 172: 161 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Plutonium. W. K
Page 173: 29. Nenot, J.-C. and Stather, J. W.
Page 177 and 178: 81. Crowley, J., Lanz, H., Scott, K
Page 179 and 180: 107. Hempelmann, L.H., Langham,W.H.
Page 181 and 182: 137. Breitestein, B.D., Newton, C.E
Page 183 and 184: 167. Harrison, J.D., Khursheed, A.,
Page 185 and 186: JOURNALS OWN PUBLICATIONS RELATED T
Page 187 and 188: 177 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks
Page 189 and 190: Name: Andrea Luciani Date and place
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Plutonium Biokinetics in Human Body A. Luciani - Kit-Bibliothek - FZK

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