Health, Safety and Environment - International Labour Organization

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Manual 5:PESTICIDES AND HEALTH,SAFETY & THE ENVIRONMENTSTEP 1: Elimination of the riskThe aim is to eliminate any possible risk by assessing if it is reallynecessary to use a pesticide? Check if: the weed, insect, or disease, been correctly identified, and is the degreeof economic damage caused such that it warrants pesticide use? any other method of dealing with the pest problem is available? Forexample, integrated production and pest management, use of anon-chemical biopesticide, or an organic approach? the pesticide is legally approved and registered for the intended use?If elimination of the risk is not possible, consider substitution: with a less hazardous pesticide? with a less hazardous formulation by using, for example, granules insteadof a liquid which can splash?If prevention of the risks (through elimination or substitution) is notpossible, and the employer’s risk assessment has determined that the pestdamage (actual or potential) warrants pesticide use, then the following setof risk control measures should be followed, in the order listed.STEP 2: Risk ControlRisk control at source involves the use of what are known as Technical andEngineering Controls.Example:The risk(s)Poor design of many spray containers and packets, and even sprayers, can result inpesticides splashing on to exposed skin, clothing, or into eyes during mixing and fillingoperations.Technical/engineering control solutions, such as use of: Sealed mixing and filling systems for tractor-mounted sprayers The operator simplyputs the pesticide container into the system and then stands back away from dangerwhilst the mixing is done automatically, avoiding and contact with or risk ofsplashing from the concentrated pesticide. The operator, wearing appropriatepersonal protective equipment to supplement the technical and engineering controls,then thoroughly rinses out the empty pesticide container at least three times andputs it in a secure place for disposal Pesticide formulations in dissolvable, water soluble plastic sachets. These sachetsare simply placed whole into the knapsack or tractor spray tank. The tank cover isreplaced, the mixture agitated, and the packaging dissolves inside the spray tank,releasing the pesticide. There are no containers to dispose of afterwards Pesticide tractor cabs fitted with approved, charcoal-based pesticide filters whichabsorb any pesticide before it enters into the cab. Ordinary dust filters in the tractorcab do not work so don’t accept them!250 Health, Safety and EnvironmentA Series of Trade Union EducationManuals for Agricultural Workers
Manual 5:PESTICIDES AND HEALTH,SAFETY & THE ENVIRONMENTSTEP 3: Safe systems of work, the introduction of technical andorganisational measures and safe practices, and trainingHas the employer ensured that there is a safe system of work in place,as identified in the risk assessment? For example, are workers removedaway from areas before spraying begins? Are re-entry periods intotreated areas being observed?Is there effective supervision in place?Has the spray equipment been checked to see if it is in working orderand properly calibrated?STEP 4: Information and training Have workers using pesticides received specialised HS&E training?Operators on farms and holdings must have the correct training for thepesticides and equipment they handle, be well informed of the law andwhat constitutes good practice, and be supervised by someone who isalso trained Have other workers exposed to pesticides received basic training on thepesticide hazards and risk prevention and control measures?Hygiene and Health Surveillance Are good washing facilities provided both in the farm/plantation yardand in the field/glasshouse where the pesticide is being applied? Allusers should wash after spraying Is first aid equipment available where needed, including eye washes,and are there workers/staff trained in first aid use? Is health surveillance available when the product used could have aserious effect on health if control measures fail (for example, withorganophosphorus and carbamates)?Other information Does the pesticide(s) present unnecessary risks to livestock and the‘environment’ (bees, fish, etc)? Will it damage, directly or through leaching, any streams, rivers, or otherwater, whether surface or underground? Will it damage neighbouring crops? Are adequate precautions established to prevent either livestock, or thepublic, from coming in contact with the area to be sprayed (e.g. warningnotices on public footpaths, notice to beekeepers) In addition to specific precautions on each application, large pesticideusers, particularly on farms and plantations, must prominently displaytheir written plans for emergency procedures. Everyone on-site shouldbe familiar with the plan and have received training in itsimplementation251 Health, Safety and EnvironmentA Series of Trade Union EducationManuals for Agricultural Workers
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Health, Safetyand EnvironmentIntern
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Copyright © 2004 International Lab
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TeamMuch more than a department of
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FOREWORDRon Oswald, General Secreta
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IntroductionINTRODUCTION About this
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Introduction The global food chain
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IntroductionWhen national regulatio
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IntroductionAt national level, the
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Manual 1:AN EDUCATOR’S GUIDEFurth
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Appendix 1:IUF BRIEFINGAppendix 1:I
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Appendix 1:IUF BRIEFINGWhat are the
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Health, Safety and Environment - International Labour Organization

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