Health, Safety and Environment - International Labour Organization

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Manual 5:PESTICIDES AND HEALTH,SAFETY & THE ENVIRONMENTChecklist – Disposal of unwanted, obsolete pesticides Large quantities of unwanted pesticide should be disposed of after consultationwith the local official agricultural adviser/official or after consultation with themanufacturer Many local authorities operate special landfill sites for disposal of hazardouswaste. There may also be reputable, specialist waste disposal contractors whocan be hiredDisposal ofpesticidecontainersAll too often pesticide containers are left in fields, or dumped inwatercourses. Ideally, containers should be returned to the manufacturerfor disposal, and in some cases this is possible. The international pesticideindustry has pilot schemes in some countries where empty, rinsedpesticide containers can be returned to the local agrochemical distributoror special depots.All containers (including paper packages) should be rinsed out – atleast three times – and the washings disposed of as for tank washingsdescribed above. PPE, especially gloves, coverall and a face shield,should be wornStorage of containers prior to disposal must be in a well defined andmarked area, preferably under cover or with a special waterproofcontainer provided for empty paper sacks if these are stored outsideContainers should NEVER BE REUSED whether for storing, drinkingwater, diesel fuel, or for any other purpose. Paper, plastic and metalshould be punctured or crushed to make it unusableOn the premises owned or occupied by the employer, disposal should becarried out carefully depending on the container materialGlass and metal (not aerosols) should be either crushed in a sack (forglass) or flattened, and buried at a depth of at least 1 metre, below thelevel of any land drains, in an isolated place. The area should be fencedor marked with warning signs. A record should be kept of dates and thematerial buriedLabels should NOT be disfigured. Containers can be buried, with thesame precautions as glass or metal. In some cases it may be permissibleto burn lightly contaminated packaging. The local authority should beconsulted beforehand and if necessary, the manufacturer262 Health, Safety and EnvironmentA Series of Trade Union EducationManuals for Agricultural Workers
Manual 5:PESTICIDES AND HEALTH,SAFETY & THE ENVIRONMENT Alternatives to pesticidesAbout thissectionIntroductionThis section will help us to: find out about alternatives to pesticides prepare us to argue for alternatives in our workplaces especially as partof collective bargaining agreementsIn agriculture, especially where the same crop is grown repeatedly on thesame land (monocultures), the indiscriminate use of pesticides has led toproblems of pesticide dependence, pesticide resistance, and pestresurgence. The overuse of chemicals has meant that pests have evolvedresistance to certain pesticides, i.e. they are no longer killed or controlledby certain pesticides. Calendar application of pesticides has also harmednon-target, beneficial predators, parasites and pathogens which helpnaturally control pests. As a result there has often been a resurgence of thesurviving pest which the pesticide was unable to control, leading to newcrop losses. Indeed, there is growing evidence to show that far from solvingpest problems, pesticides may aggravate existing ones and even createnew pests.Regular pesticide use can lead to dependence where more and morepesticide or newer and newer active ingredients have to be used tomaintain pest control levels. Farmers, who were dependent upon yieldsmade possible by pesticides, need to apply more and more powerfulpesticides to sustain yields. These problems have prompted the search foralternatives to chemical pesticides, which can be broadly categorised as: Integrated Production and Pest Management Organic AgricultureNote: The pesticide/biotechnology industry claims that use ofbiotechnology, based on genetically modified organisms (GMOs), couldprovide alternatives to chemical pesticides. This claim however needscareful discussion and examination as there are many areas of uncertaintyand many powerful counter-arguments to this industry claim. For thisreason, the subject of genetically modified organism biotechnology andpesticides is not dealt with here as an alternative.263 Health, Safety and EnvironmentA Series of Trade Union EducationManuals for Agricultural Workers
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FOREWORDRon Oswald, General Secreta
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IntroductionINTRODUCTION About this
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Introduction The global food chain
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Appendix 1:IUF BRIEFINGAppendix 1:I
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Health, Safety and Environment - International Labour Organization

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