By Evarist Baimu Nyaga Mawalla - Home

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In 1973 the applicant, Moses J. Mwakiboto, was appointed a Judge of the HighCourt of Tanzania. In April, 1991 he became the subject of inquiry by acommission of commonwealth judges appointed by the President under theprovisions of Art. 110 (6) (a) of the Constitution of the United Republic ofTanzania, 1977. Pursuant to the provisions of Art. 110 (6) (b) the Commissionwas required, after its inquiry, to report on its findings to the President and toadvise him whether the applicant ought to be removed from office.On 4 June the applicant received from the President’s Office a letter,F.3/33/310/390, dated 24 May and signed by the Principal Secretary(Establishments), which informed him, inter alia, that the Promidount had,pursuant to the provisions of Art. 110 (5), (6) and (7), “removed you from theoffice of a judge by retiring you in the public interest with effect from 13 May,1991. This letter is Annoxturo “A” to the applicant ‘s affidavit and will be so citedin this ruling.Upon receipt of Annexture “A”, the applicant wrote to various government officialseither questioning the constitutionality of his retirement in the pubic interest orcomplaining against the administrative measures being taken in theimplementation of the retiromount. Of interest here are Annoxtures “B” addressedto the Principal Secretary (Dotablishments) and “B2” addressed to the ChiefJustice. There is no evidence that these letters reached their addresses or, ifthey did they were replied to. However, the applicant had also addressed letters462
to the Principal Secretary to the President and to the President himself. Andthese clicited replic.Hence, by his letters SHC/C.230/32 dated 22 August (which I will cite as Exhibit“(C”), and SHC/C. 230/32/F/22 dated 31 October (which is Annoxture “X” to theapplicant’s reply to the Attorney – General’s counter-affidavit), the PrincipalSecretary to the Pesident informed the applicant that the President had directedthat he be informed that his removal from the office of a judge implied hisretirement from the public service. Annoxturo “X” is the nose significatas it alluledto the Justice sandurn Commission and suggested that the President’s decisionwas pursuant to the Commission’s advice.The applicant still felt aggrieved. On 21 November he filed an application in thiscourt seeking leave to apply for the order certiorari to quash the decisionpurporting to retire him in the public interest. That was Miscellaneous CivilApplication No.264 of 1991 which I heard and granted on 16 January, 992. I alsodirected that subsequent pleadings be completed by the end of February with aview to hearing the substantive application in the month of March. Acting on thatorder, the applicant filed the present application on the same day. He wascontesting the constitutionality of the decision to retire him in the public interestas communicated in Annoxturo “A” and praying that it be quashed.463
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A COMPILATION OF CASES OF JUDICIAL
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4.3 Assistant Imports controller v
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appropriate respondent, i.e, if in
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the individual complaining of breac
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of the Constitution that there shou
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y one judge of the High Court. Desp
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Question(1) Their Lordship can deal
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ights and freedoms to satisfy the r
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The contravention was in the past;
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is entitled. The respondent must pa
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independence, as the result of nego
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emedy, but only by consent of the C
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policy justifies these distinctions
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compulsorily on payment of .compens
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have already touched on this. I do
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‘s favour would have been a right
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in cases of judicial misbehavior, a
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of course, is not in the ordinary s
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of these provisions is to ensure th
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which he appealed by special leave.
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does not exclude the application of
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“………no person should be pun
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state. By section 19 (2) of the Cro
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tot for anything done by Maharaj J.
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of this section ;and (b)to determin
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this was a finding that the judge,
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February 27. The judgment of the ma
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It was a state act performed by the
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A defendant is always entitled to k
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to come before the House of Lord’
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The key word here is “inseparable
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Assuming that “commonwealth” wa
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the High Court within a limited tim
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Ouster clauses which take effect on
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jurisdiction if they are disputed b
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eviction by NAFCO. The special and
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separation of powers enshrined in t
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2. that the Honorable trial judge e
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section 2 of land ordinance, 1922 i
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statutorily on trust for the benefi
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such consent is required only in ca
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language of that section precludes
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There is merit in this ground of ap
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section 4 and would undoubtedly hav
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Clearly this section in unconstitut
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ional crystallization, of the idea
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That, the exparte application for t
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espect, after all is said, and writ
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to BAWATA’s Secretary General who
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From the above persuasive cases, I
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opinion, that where the Court used
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JudgeCourt: Now case to be referred
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the charge had already been entered
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was violative of her basic right as
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in that court, and in the course of
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In the result the appeal by the Dir
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that the proceedings before the Tri
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Prof. Shivji urged that when the ma
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Administered by inferior tribunals
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was found to be a nullity for irrat
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Those who espouse the narrow approa
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31. (1985) At p. 3532. One of the p
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Application on merits. Mandamus iss
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Those who exist above the people mu
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November 1986 they made a market su
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In the case at hand of course the a
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of each case, but it a fundamental
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I note that in the Advisory Committ
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The complaint is not that a person
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The applicants. Who were bidding in
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A paradigm,but not the only case of
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claims not to contain legal rules,
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743. All these cases show that it i
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as conclusive of the absence of a c
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The code is therefore framed in non
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“In my view to allow English citi
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eceive a further ⅔ per cent based
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alternative and that, reading the u
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On the morning of 25 November 1986
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The issue is thus whether the histo
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The Criminal Injuries Compensation
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part of decision - makers and for b
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Nothing that I have said can fetter
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underestimating the extent tot whic
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egulation” may be misleading. The
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More recently, in Reg. v. British B
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NICHOLLS L.J. I entirely agree with
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The code also contains some detaile
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appellant was tried on a count char
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founder parties should have used th
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(4) Since the case is based on aver
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Thus we held that any member of the
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procedure prescribed by Order 1, ru
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It is settled in our constitutional
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of judicial innovation to say that
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It follows from the foregoing that
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will not succeed. The court cannot
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The petition originally raised very
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disclosed in that context. He maint
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of the legislation and that there i
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…the restriction imposed at commo
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This provision, in my view, caters
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I agree and can not wish to add any
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It is contended by the petitioner t
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It extends to modification of those
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These amendments were, therefore, v
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courts in respect of the stay of su
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namely, an assembly or procession n
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of law and order. I provision like
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Until the Legislature makes appropr
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his representatives; the right to r
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in the Constitution? In that case t
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to appoint persons to offices in th
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I hereby certify that this is a tru
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It is sworn further that in the cou
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applicants. And if I may say now, a
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A part from the applicants obligati
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It seems that this issue once decid
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Finally, Mr. Werema made an alterna
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to find a case which shows there is
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Delivered.Dr. Lamwai for the Applic
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However, he pointed out that it is
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IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF TANZANIAA
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anything, he was simply answering w
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appellants the opportunities of bei
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For these reasons we are satisfied
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jurisdiction to go wrong. Neither a
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Essentially these grounds are alleg
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in agreement. However, the advocate
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Attorney General was duly summoned,
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Once we hold as indeed we do, that
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surfaced from the very beginning. I
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of Dodoma Zone Mr. Mwambe duly inst
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26 Act No. 16 of 198427 Chapter 360
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the case of Attorney-General v. Les
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1991on the Democratic system in Tan
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efusal in short the decisions were
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public interest should not be too b
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operation was “thoroughly outdate
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In the final analysis, I find that
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J. dated the 24 th day of October,
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though we felt that the learned Sta
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(a). that every persons shall, when
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The more difficult question is whet
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Turning now to the requirement that
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The appeal is allowed with cast, an
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6. Tanzania Air service ltd v minis
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A company (Cyanamid) register a pat
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506 All England Law Reports (1975)
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a. patents in 1953 (Lowe) and 1954
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efore any question of balance of co
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object that I have indicated above
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this. Returning therefore to the in
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MAGNUM AGENCLES COMPANY LIMITED RES
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Without going into his locals stand
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BANK OF TANZANIA MWANZABut the prop
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Similarly the present record does n
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78 TANZANIA LAW REPORTS (1987) T.L.
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Maina ,J This is an application to
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e made informally. But with respect
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82 TANZANIA LAW REPORTS (1987)T.L.R
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Temeke, Dar es salaam, delivered in
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3. that the reference was in any ev
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2. that the application has no righ
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c.c.s.u v, minste for civil service
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communications headquarters (GCHQ)
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)2) of the European Convention on H
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dismiss persons refusing to accept
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matters relating to the dispassion
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extending he requirement of natural
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continue to be enjoyed although mig
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the grounds upon which administrati
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alter right or obligations enforcea
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I agree with your Lordships tat thi
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the appellants employment be termin
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The trial judge dismissed appellant
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the view that the appellant’s ter
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Court did not stop there. It consid
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In English I have been instructed t
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the respondents such order was gran
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to response to the .. of an appell
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Was Annex D.1 made in bad faith? Th
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when questioning the constitutional
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24 th May 1991 informing the appell
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We are therefore of the opinion tha
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him of that decision is in our view
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usurp the function of the High Cour
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MAUGHAM in maritime Elective C. Ltd
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We again agree with the learned jud
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However, the learned judge skipped
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filing of statements could not be s
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even to seem to express an opinion
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As we have already intimated the te
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the removal. But we reject the earl
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the Daily News and Uhuru newspapers
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M.D. BOMANIAg. JUSTICE OF APPEALJ.L
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Both parties are represented by cou
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THE SECUTITY FO EMPLOYMENT ACT 1964
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administrative law as seriously as
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interest are at stake. In any other
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the fundamentals of good administra
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mandamus should be made but it must
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6. EXERCISE OF DISCRETIONARY POWERS
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Mr. Mselem was at a loss to know un
Page 411 and 412: under s. 3 (3) of Cap. 104 and none
Page 413 and 414: affidavit and the representations o
Page 415 and 416: 17 th June 1987 requiring him to le
Page 417 and 418: SongeaMohamed Ally Athumani now 54
Page 419 and 420: Ally Athumani PW1 had received. He
Page 421 and 422: Home is cases of ones in search of
Page 423 and 424: nothing about the subject matter as
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Page 427 and 428: in all details to the one issued to
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Page 431 and 432: forces that are always inconsistent
Page 433 and 434: under the Business licincing Act No
Page 435 and 436: applicants these could definitely n
Page 437 and 438: person against who he intends issue
Page 439 and 440: dealings. Expedient is not this Rep
Page 441 and 442: espondent to discharge its function
Page 443 and 444: (i) an order of certiorari 8 and se
Page 445 and 446: Mr. Mwaikusa argued that the releva
Page 447 and 448: that the Government has set on itse
Page 449 and 450: AT DODOMACIVIL CASE NO. 23 OF 1993J
Page 451 and 452: for Tabora Region . By a letter dat
Page 453 and 454: of the Constitution or the law of t
Page 455 and 456: Another important consideration und
Page 457 and 458: have been taken into account, wheth
Page 459 and 460: withstanding the existence of an ou
Page 461: arbitrary decision. And it offends
Page 465 and 466: I heard long and interesting arqume
Page 467 and 468: public interest; second, it is the
Page 469 and 470: the former the Principal Secretary
Page 471 and 472: I think I can dispose of this matte
Page 473 and 474: the whole field of the law relating
Page 475 and 476: declaration except in a negative so
Page 477 and 478: itom 108(1) of the First schedule t
Page 479 and 480: egards the commission’s report, t
Page 481 and 482: RULLINGSAMATTA, JK:This is an appli
Page 483 and 484: impugned decision. As expected, I w
Page 485 and 486: (g) on retirement in circumstances,
Page 487 and 488: etire otherwise than on disciplinar
Page 489 and 490: (c) for pupose of facilitating impr
Page 491 and 492: “Whatever pleases the emperor has
Page 493 and 494: decision has, I agree with Mr Nasso
Page 495 and 496: Before I part with this application
Page 497 and 498: 7. REMEDIES1. Ajit Gordhan v Direct
Page 499 and 500: 21. Simeon Manyaki v Executive Comm
Page 501 and 502: of which was annexed to the affidav
Page 503 and 504: The above position was enshrined in
Page 505 and 506: such as damages or on injunction. T
Page 507 and 508: Should the prayer then be granted i
Page 509 and 510: No cases referred to.Omar and Musta
Page 511 and 512: IN THE HIGH COURT OF TANZANIAAT DAR
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alleged circumstance, it is further
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Mr Mallaba has traced the history o
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Mr. Kisusi submits further that sin
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ANDESSO STANDARD TANZANIA LIMITED .
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proceed by way certiorari. He can f
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AT MWANZACORAM: OMAR, J.A. HNZAVAS,
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G.N. 41/92, the second respondent i
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ecause it violates Article 13 of th
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tenants, one enjoying legal protect
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the provisions of the Rent Restrict
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Lastly, in ground 5 the appellants
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R V Income Tax Special Purposes Cou
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had interfered with the administrat
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LORD TEMPLEMAN. Parliament makes th
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LORD GRIFEITHS. My Lords, I have ha
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Because of this, it is normally unn
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students at his school; that he was
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unnaturally took the view that the
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solicitor later at about 12.30 am v
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Mr Baker was arranged for 4 pm that
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counsel with whem a conference took
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easonably benevolent construction o
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Lord Donalsdson MR described Mr Bak
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was made without jurisdiction, then
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Court has been given . If the appli
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in the earlier case may have coused
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As the Sovereign cannot authorize w
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When dismissiong the action Romer I
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the Crown. (In this summary 1 put o
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emedy against theCrown was not conf
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easonable doubt as to the identity
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Section 23 (2) (2) refers to petiti
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Corwn in general, then s 21 (2) wou
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epresenting the Crown, the third th
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obtain an injunction (see also Merr
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A both because there would be an in
Page 585 and 586:
It is interesting to note the comme
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prohivition or certiorari (b) the n
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proceedings as was available to you
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lack of jurisdiction to grant inter
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egarded as being open to challenge
Page 595 and 596:
quite out of accord with practice,
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The validity of the injunction gran
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF TANZANIAAT SON
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October; 1993, the Regional Commiss
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statutory authority for doing so, t
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egulation 10 as read with S. 55 (1)
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(4) In such a case the tribunal, wh
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the penalty demands notwithstanding
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question I have posed and speaking
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first two prayers, to wit, orders o
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and illegally taking then away from
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I conceded that as wrong in view of
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unquestionability upon its decision
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deciding what the decision-maker sh
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ut the judges must observe the cons
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intended to furtmore national polic
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society. That observation applies t
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In the event, the prayer for a decl
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25 th January 1978. However on 5 th
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missing from the trial court record
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One of the conditions set out in th
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(a) that up to the 5 th February, 1
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With regard to this passage of the
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Patman Garments Industries Limited
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dishonoured, or if he had broken th
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Decree of the High Court and declar
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y the Institute during the 1983/84
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obdurate if not- thoroughly uncoope
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examination papers to NBAA for mode
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against him, so that he could effec
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maters as the leakage of examinatio
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Q. Can you tell us anything strange
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF TANZANIA\MAIN
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against a government minister or de
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injunctive relief is sought? Althou
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appears to have done, to hold that
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the applicant leave to apply review
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669
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