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compensation depends on the circumstances of each case. In some cases a re-locationof land may be fair compensation. Fair compensation however is not confined to whatis known in-law as unexhausted improvement. Obviously where there areunexhausted improvements, the constitution as well as the ordinance land lawrequires fair compensation to be paid for its deprivation.We are also of the firm view that where there are no unexhausted improvements, butsome effort has been put into the land by the occupier, that occupier is entitled toprotection under Article 24 (2) and fair compensation is payable for deprivation ofproperty. We are led to this conclusion by the principle, stated by Mwalimu Julius K.Nyerere in 1958 and which appears in his book freedom and unity Nyerere states,inter alia:When I use my energy and talent to clear a piece of ground for Amy use it is clearthat I am trying to transform this basic gift from God so that it can satisfy a humanneed. It is true, however, that this land is not mine, but the efforts made by me inclearing that land enable me to lay claim of ownership over the cleared piece ofground. But it is not really the land itself that belongs to me but only the clearedground which will remain mine as long as I continue to work on it. <strong>By</strong> clearing thatground I have actually added to its value and have enable it to be used to satisfy ahuman need. Whoever then takes this piece of ground must pay me for adding valueto it through clearing it by my own Labour.In the light of the provision of article 24 (1) and (2) of the constitution, section 3 and4 of act No. 22 of 1992 violate the constitution by denying the petitioners the right togo on possessing their deemed rights of occupancy and what is worse, denying thepetitioners compensation under section 3 (4) of Act No. 22 of 1992.Like both sides to this case, we are also of the view that the learned trial judge erredin holding that the provisions of section 4 of Act No. 22 of 1992 denied the petitioneror any other occupier compensation for unexhausted improvements. The clear84
language of that section precludes compensation purely on the basis of extinction ofcustomary rights in land. The section reads:No compensation shall be payable only on account of loss of any right or interest inor over land which has been extinguished under section 3 of this Act.But as we have already said, the correct constitutional poison prohibits not onlydeprivation of unexhausted improvements without fair compensation, but everydeprivation where there is value added to the land. We shall consider theconstitutionality of section 4 later in this judgment.Ground number 3 attacks the finding of the trial judge to the effect that the provisionsof Act No. 22 of 1992 which oust the jurisdiction of the Courts from dealing withdisputes in matters covered by the act are unconstitutional. The relevant part of thejudgment of the High Court reads as follows:The effect of section 5 and 6 of Act No. 22 of 1992 is to oust the jurisdiction of thecourts of law in land disputes arising under the controversial Act No. 22 of 1992 andexclusively vesting such jurisdiction in land tribunals. Such ousting of the courtsjurisdiction by section 5 and 6 of Act No. 22/92 violates Articles 30 910, (3) (4) and108 of the constitution.The deputy Attorney-General has submitted to the effect that the constitution allows,specifically under Article 13 (6) (a), for the existence of bodies or institutions otherthan the court for adjudication of disputes. Such bodies or institutions include theland tribunal vested with exclusive jurisdiction under section 6 of Act No. 22 of 1992.we are grateful for the interesting submission made by the Deputy Attorney-Generalon this point, but with due respect, we are satisfied that he is only partly right. Weagree that the Constitution allow the establishment of quasi-judicial bodies, such asthe land tribunal. What we do not agree is that the constitution allows the courts to beousted of jurisdiction by conferring exclusive jurisdiction on such quasi-judicial85
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A COMPILATION OF CASES OF JUDICIAL
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4.3 Assistant Imports controller v
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appropriate respondent, i.e, if in
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the individual complaining of breac
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of the Constitution that there shou
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y one judge of the High Court. Desp
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Question(1) Their Lordship can deal
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ights and freedoms to satisfy the r
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The contravention was in the past;
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is entitled. The respondent must pa
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independence, as the result of nego
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emedy, but only by consent of the C
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policy justifies these distinctions
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compulsorily on payment of .compens
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have already touched on this. I do
Page 33 and 34: ‘s favour would have been a right
Page 35 and 36: in cases of judicial misbehavior, a
Page 37 and 38: of course, is not in the ordinary s
Page 39 and 40: of these provisions is to ensure th
Page 41 and 42: which he appealed by special leave.
Page 43 and 44: does not exclude the application of
Page 45 and 46: “………no person should be pun
Page 47 and 48: state. By section 19 (2) of the Cro
Page 49 and 50: tot for anything done by Maharaj J.
Page 51 and 52: of this section ;and (b)to determin
Page 53 and 54: this was a finding that the judge,
Page 55 and 56: February 27. The judgment of the ma
Page 57 and 58: It was a state act performed by the
Page 59 and 60: A defendant is always entitled to k
Page 61 and 62: to come before the House of Lord’
Page 63 and 64: The key word here is “inseparable
Page 65 and 66: Assuming that “commonwealth” wa
Page 67 and 68: the High Court within a limited tim
Page 69 and 70: Ouster clauses which take effect on
Page 71 and 72: jurisdiction if they are disputed b
Page 73 and 74: eviction by NAFCO. The special and
Page 75 and 76: separation of powers enshrined in t
Page 77 and 78: 2. that the Honorable trial judge e
Page 79 and 80: section 2 of land ordinance, 1922 i
Page 81 and 82: statutorily on trust for the benefi
Page 83: such consent is required only in ca
Page 87 and 88: There is merit in this ground of ap
Page 89 and 90: section 4 and would undoubtedly hav
Page 91 and 92: Clearly this section in unconstitut
Page 93 and 94: ional crystallization, of the idea
Page 95 and 96: That, the exparte application for t
Page 97 and 98: espect, after all is said, and writ
Page 99 and 100: to BAWATA’s Secretary General who
Page 101 and 102: From the above persuasive cases, I
Page 103 and 104: opinion, that where the Court used
Page 105 and 106: JudgeCourt: Now case to be referred
Page 107 and 108: the charge had already been entered
Page 109 and 110: was violative of her basic right as
Page 111 and 112: in that court, and in the course of
Page 113 and 114: In the result the appeal by the Dir
Page 115 and 116: that the proceedings before the Tri
Page 117 and 118: Prof. Shivji urged that when the ma
Page 119 and 120: Administered by inferior tribunals
Page 121 and 122: was found to be a nullity for irrat
Page 123 and 124: Those who espouse the narrow approa
Page 125 and 126: 31. (1985) At p. 3532. One of the p
Page 127 and 128: Application on merits. Mandamus iss
Page 129 and 130: Those who exist above the people mu
Page 131 and 132: November 1986 they made a market su
Page 133 and 134: In the case at hand of course the a
Page 135 and 136:
of each case, but it a fundamental
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I note that in the Advisory Committ
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The complaint is not that a person
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The applicants. Who were bidding in
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A paradigm,but not the only case of
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claims not to contain legal rules,
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743. All these cases show that it i
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as conclusive of the absence of a c
Page 151 and 152:
The code is therefore framed in non
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“In my view to allow English citi
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eceive a further ⅔ per cent based
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alternative and that, reading the u
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On the morning of 25 November 1986
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The issue is thus whether the histo
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The Criminal Injuries Compensation
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part of decision - makers and for b
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Nothing that I have said can fetter
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underestimating the extent tot whic
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egulation” may be misleading. The
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More recently, in Reg. v. British B
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NICHOLLS L.J. I entirely agree with
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The code also contains some detaile
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appellant was tried on a count char
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founder parties should have used th
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(4) Since the case is based on aver
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Thus we held that any member of the
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procedure prescribed by Order 1, ru
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It is settled in our constitutional
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of judicial innovation to say that
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It follows from the foregoing that
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will not succeed. The court cannot
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The petition originally raised very
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disclosed in that context. He maint
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of the legislation and that there i
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…the restriction imposed at commo
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This provision, in my view, caters
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I agree and can not wish to add any
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It is contended by the petitioner t
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It extends to modification of those
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These amendments were, therefore, v
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courts in respect of the stay of su
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namely, an assembly or procession n
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of law and order. I provision like
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Until the Legislature makes appropr
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his representatives; the right to r
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in the Constitution? In that case t
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to appoint persons to offices in th
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I hereby certify that this is a tru
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It is sworn further that in the cou
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applicants. And if I may say now, a
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A part from the applicants obligati
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It seems that this issue once decid
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Finally, Mr. Werema made an alterna
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to find a case which shows there is
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Delivered.Dr. Lamwai for the Applic
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However, he pointed out that it is
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IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF TANZANIAA
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anything, he was simply answering w
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appellants the opportunities of bei
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For these reasons we are satisfied
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jurisdiction to go wrong. Neither a
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Essentially these grounds are alleg
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in agreement. However, the advocate
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Attorney General was duly summoned,
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Once we hold as indeed we do, that
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surfaced from the very beginning. I
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of Dodoma Zone Mr. Mwambe duly inst
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26 Act No. 16 of 198427 Chapter 360
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the case of Attorney-General v. Les
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1991on the Democratic system in Tan
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efusal in short the decisions were
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public interest should not be too b
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operation was “thoroughly outdate
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In the final analysis, I find that
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J. dated the 24 th day of October,
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though we felt that the learned Sta
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(a). that every persons shall, when
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The more difficult question is whet
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Turning now to the requirement that
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The appeal is allowed with cast, an
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6. Tanzania Air service ltd v minis
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A company (Cyanamid) register a pat
Page 299 and 300:
506 All England Law Reports (1975)
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a. patents in 1953 (Lowe) and 1954
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efore any question of balance of co
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object that I have indicated above
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this. Returning therefore to the in
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MAGNUM AGENCLES COMPANY LIMITED RES
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Without going into his locals stand
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BANK OF TANZANIA MWANZABut the prop
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Similarly the present record does n
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78 TANZANIA LAW REPORTS (1987) T.L.
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Maina ,J This is an application to
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e made informally. But with respect
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82 TANZANIA LAW REPORTS (1987)T.L.R
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Temeke, Dar es salaam, delivered in
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3. that the reference was in any ev
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2. that the application has no righ
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c.c.s.u v, minste for civil service
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communications headquarters (GCHQ)
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)2) of the European Convention on H
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dismiss persons refusing to accept
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matters relating to the dispassion
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extending he requirement of natural
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continue to be enjoyed although mig
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the grounds upon which administrati
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alter right or obligations enforcea
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I agree with your Lordships tat thi
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the appellants employment be termin
Page 353 and 354:
The trial judge dismissed appellant
Page 355 and 356:
the view that the appellant’s ter
Page 357 and 358:
Court did not stop there. It consid
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In English I have been instructed t
Page 361 and 362:
the respondents such order was gran
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to response to the .. of an appell
Page 365 and 366:
Was Annex D.1 made in bad faith? Th
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when questioning the constitutional
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24 th May 1991 informing the appell
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We are therefore of the opinion tha
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him of that decision is in our view
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usurp the function of the High Cour
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MAUGHAM in maritime Elective C. Ltd
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We again agree with the learned jud
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However, the learned judge skipped
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filing of statements could not be s
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even to seem to express an opinion
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As we have already intimated the te
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the removal. But we reject the earl
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the Daily News and Uhuru newspapers
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M.D. BOMANIAg. JUSTICE OF APPEALJ.L
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Both parties are represented by cou
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THE SECUTITY FO EMPLOYMENT ACT 1964
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administrative law as seriously as
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interest are at stake. In any other
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the fundamentals of good administra
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mandamus should be made but it must
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6. EXERCISE OF DISCRETIONARY POWERS
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Mr. Mselem was at a loss to know un
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under s. 3 (3) of Cap. 104 and none
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affidavit and the representations o
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17 th June 1987 requiring him to le
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SongeaMohamed Ally Athumani now 54
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Ally Athumani PW1 had received. He
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Home is cases of ones in search of
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nothing about the subject matter as
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commissioner of Songea District was
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in all details to the one issued to
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approved by village Governments. DW
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forces that are always inconsistent
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under the Business licincing Act No
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applicants these could definitely n
Page 437 and 438:
person against who he intends issue
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dealings. Expedient is not this Rep
Page 441 and 442:
espondent to discharge its function
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(i) an order of certiorari 8 and se
Page 445 and 446:
Mr. Mwaikusa argued that the releva
Page 447 and 448:
that the Government has set on itse
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AT DODOMACIVIL CASE NO. 23 OF 1993J
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for Tabora Region . By a letter dat
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of the Constitution or the law of t
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Another important consideration und
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have been taken into account, wheth
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withstanding the existence of an ou
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arbitrary decision. And it offends
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to the Principal Secretary to the P
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I heard long and interesting arqume
Page 467 and 468:
public interest; second, it is the
Page 469 and 470:
the former the Principal Secretary
Page 471 and 472:
I think I can dispose of this matte
Page 473 and 474:
the whole field of the law relating
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declaration except in a negative so
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itom 108(1) of the First schedule t
Page 479 and 480:
egards the commission’s report, t
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RULLINGSAMATTA, JK:This is an appli
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impugned decision. As expected, I w
Page 485 and 486:
(g) on retirement in circumstances,
Page 487 and 488:
etire otherwise than on disciplinar
Page 489 and 490:
(c) for pupose of facilitating impr
Page 491 and 492:
“Whatever pleases the emperor has
Page 493 and 494:
decision has, I agree with Mr Nasso
Page 495 and 496:
Before I part with this application
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7. REMEDIES1. Ajit Gordhan v Direct
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21. Simeon Manyaki v Executive Comm
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of which was annexed to the affidav
Page 503 and 504:
The above position was enshrined in
Page 505 and 506:
such as damages or on injunction. T
Page 507 and 508:
Should the prayer then be granted i
Page 509 and 510:
No cases referred to.Omar and Musta
Page 511 and 512:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF TANZANIAAT DAR
Page 513 and 514:
alleged circumstance, it is further
Page 515 and 516:
Mr Mallaba has traced the history o
Page 517 and 518:
Mr. Kisusi submits further that sin
Page 519 and 520:
ANDESSO STANDARD TANZANIA LIMITED .
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proceed by way certiorari. He can f
Page 523 and 524:
AT MWANZACORAM: OMAR, J.A. HNZAVAS,
Page 525 and 526:
G.N. 41/92, the second respondent i
Page 527 and 528:
ecause it violates Article 13 of th
Page 529 and 530:
tenants, one enjoying legal protect
Page 531 and 532:
the provisions of the Rent Restrict
Page 533 and 534:
Lastly, in ground 5 the appellants
Page 535 and 536:
R V Income Tax Special Purposes Cou
Page 537 and 538:
had interfered with the administrat
Page 539 and 540:
LORD TEMPLEMAN. Parliament makes th
Page 541 and 542:
LORD GRIFEITHS. My Lords, I have ha
Page 543 and 544:
Because of this, it is normally unn
Page 545 and 546:
students at his school; that he was
Page 547 and 548:
unnaturally took the view that the
Page 549 and 550:
solicitor later at about 12.30 am v
Page 551 and 552:
Mr Baker was arranged for 4 pm that
Page 553 and 554:
counsel with whem a conference took
Page 555 and 556:
easonably benevolent construction o
Page 557 and 558:
Lord Donalsdson MR described Mr Bak
Page 559 and 560:
was made without jurisdiction, then
Page 561 and 562:
Court has been given . If the appli
Page 563 and 564:
in the earlier case may have coused
Page 565 and 566:
As the Sovereign cannot authorize w
Page 567 and 568:
When dismissiong the action Romer I
Page 569 and 570:
the Crown. (In this summary 1 put o
Page 571 and 572:
emedy against theCrown was not conf
Page 573 and 574:
easonable doubt as to the identity
Page 575 and 576:
Section 23 (2) (2) refers to petiti
Page 577 and 578:
Corwn in general, then s 21 (2) wou
Page 579 and 580:
epresenting the Crown, the third th
Page 581 and 582:
obtain an injunction (see also Merr
Page 583 and 584:
A both because there would be an in
Page 585 and 586:
It is interesting to note the comme
Page 587 and 588:
prohivition or certiorari (b) the n
Page 589 and 590:
proceedings as was available to you
Page 591 and 592:
lack of jurisdiction to grant inter
Page 593 and 594:
egarded as being open to challenge
Page 595 and 596:
quite out of accord with practice,
Page 597 and 598:
The validity of the injunction gran
Page 599 and 600:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF TANZANIAAT SON
Page 601 and 602:
October; 1993, the Regional Commiss
Page 603 and 604:
statutory authority for doing so, t
Page 605 and 606:
egulation 10 as read with S. 55 (1)
Page 607 and 608:
(4) In such a case the tribunal, wh
Page 609 and 610:
the penalty demands notwithstanding
Page 611 and 612:
question I have posed and speaking
Page 613 and 614:
first two prayers, to wit, orders o
Page 615 and 616:
and illegally taking then away from
Page 617 and 618:
I conceded that as wrong in view of
Page 619 and 620:
unquestionability upon its decision
Page 621 and 622:
deciding what the decision-maker sh
Page 623 and 624:
ut the judges must observe the cons
Page 625 and 626:
intended to furtmore national polic
Page 627 and 628:
society. That observation applies t
Page 629 and 630:
In the event, the prayer for a decl
Page 631 and 632:
25 th January 1978. However on 5 th
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missing from the trial court record
Page 635 and 636:
One of the conditions set out in th
Page 637 and 638:
(a) that up to the 5 th February, 1
Page 639 and 640:
With regard to this passage of the
Page 641 and 642:
Patman Garments Industries Limited
Page 643 and 644:
dishonoured, or if he had broken th
Page 645 and 646:
Decree of the High Court and declar
Page 647 and 648:
y the Institute during the 1983/84
Page 649 and 650:
obdurate if not- thoroughly uncoope
Page 651 and 652:
examination papers to NBAA for mode
Page 653 and 654:
against him, so that he could effec
Page 655 and 656:
maters as the leakage of examinatio
Page 657 and 658:
Q. Can you tell us anything strange
Page 659 and 660:
IN THE HIGH COURT OF TANZANIA\MAIN
Page 661 and 662:
against a government minister or de
Page 663 and 664:
injunctive relief is sought? Althou
Page 665 and 666:
appears to have done, to hold that
Page 667 and 668:
the applicant leave to apply review
Page 669:
669
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By Evarist Baimu Nyaga Mawalla - Home

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