grounds, for such an inference.--E.SECTION XI.A Description <strong>of</strong> several Isl<strong>and</strong>s discovered, or seen in the Passage from the Marquesas to Otaheite; withan Account <strong>of</strong> a Naval Review.With a fine easterly wind I steered S.W.--S.W. by W. <strong>and</strong> W. by S. till the 17th, at ten o'clock in themorning, when l<strong>and</strong> was seen bearing W. 1/2 N., which, upon a nearer approach, we found to be a string <strong>of</strong>low islets connected together by a reef <strong>of</strong> coral rocks. We ranged the northwest coast, at the distance <strong>of</strong> onemile from shore, to three quarters <strong>of</strong> its length, which in the whole is near four leagues, when we came to acreek or inlet that seemed to open a communication into the lake in the middle <strong>of</strong> the isle. As I wanted toobtain some knowledge <strong>of</strong> the produce <strong>of</strong> these half- drowned isles, we brought-to, hoisted out a boat, <strong>and</strong>sent the master in to sound; there being no soundings without.As we ran along the coast, the natives appeared in several places armed with long spears <strong>and</strong> clubs; <strong>and</strong>some were got together on one side <strong>of</strong> the creek. When the master returned he reported that there was nopassage into the lake by the creek, which was fifty fathoms wide at the entrance, <strong>and</strong> thirty deep; farther in,thirty wide, <strong>and</strong> twelve deep; that the bottom was every where rocky, <strong>and</strong> the sides bounded by a wall <strong>of</strong>coral rocks. We were under no necessity to put the ship into such a place as this; but as the natives hadshewn some signs <strong>of</strong> a friendly disposition, by coming peaceably to the boat, <strong>and</strong> taking such things aswere given them, I sent two boats well armed ashore, under the comm<strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> Lieutenant Cooper, with aview <strong>of</strong> having some intercourse with them, <strong>and</strong> to give Mr Forster an opportunity <strong>of</strong> collecting somethingin his way. We saw our people l<strong>and</strong> without the least opposition being made by a few natives who were onthe shores. Some little time after, observing forty or fifty more, all armed, coming to join them, we stoodclose in shore, in order to be ready to support our people in case <strong>of</strong> an attack. But nothing <strong>of</strong> this kindhappened; <strong>and</strong> soon after our boats returned aboard, when Mr Cooper informed me, that, on his l<strong>and</strong>ing,only a few <strong>of</strong> the natives met him on the beach, but there were many in the skirts <strong>of</strong> the woods with spearsin their h<strong>and</strong>s. The presents he made them were received with great coolness, which plainly shewed wewere unwelcome visitors. When their reinforcement arrived he thought proper to embark, as the day wasalready far spent, <strong>and</strong> I had given orders to avoid an attack by all possible means. When his men got intothe boats, some were for pushing them <strong>of</strong>f, others for detaining them; but at last they suffered them todepart at their leisure. They brought aboard five dogs, which seemed to be in plenty there. They saw n<strong>of</strong>ruit but cocoa-nuts, <strong>of</strong> which, they got, by exchanges, two dozen. One <strong>of</strong> our people got a dog for a singleplantain, which led us to conjecture they had none <strong>of</strong> this fruit.[1][1] Mr G.F., who was one <strong>of</strong> the party that went ashore, gives a sketch <strong>of</strong> the people. They were a set<strong>of</strong> stout men, <strong>of</strong> a dark-brown colour, not disagreeable features, with dark curling hair <strong>and</strong> beards,perfectly naked, <strong>and</strong> variously marked on different parts <strong>of</strong> the body. They had the New Zeal<strong>and</strong>custom <strong>of</strong> touching noses as a salutation; <strong>and</strong> their language seemed a dialect <strong>of</strong> the Otaheitean.--E.This isl<strong>and</strong>, which is called by the inhabitants Ti-oo-kea, was discovered <strong>and</strong> visited by CommodoreByron. It has something <strong>of</strong> an oval shape, is about ten leagues in circuit, lying in the direction <strong>of</strong> E.S.E. <strong>and</strong>W.N.W., <strong>and</strong> situated in the latitude <strong>of</strong> 14° 27' 30" S., longitude 144° 56' W. The inhabitants <strong>of</strong> this isl<strong>and</strong>,<strong>and</strong> perhaps <strong>of</strong> all the low ones, are <strong>of</strong> a much darker colour than those <strong>of</strong> the higher isl<strong>and</strong>s, <strong>and</strong> seem tobe <strong>of</strong> a more ferine disposition. This may be owing to their situation. Nature not having bestowed herfavours to these low isl<strong>and</strong>s with that pr<strong>of</strong>usion she has done to some <strong>of</strong> the others, the inhabitants are
chiefly beholden to the sea for their subsistence, consequently are much exposed to the sun <strong>and</strong> weather;<strong>and</strong> by that means become more dark in colour, <strong>and</strong> more hardy <strong>and</strong> robust; for there is no doubt <strong>of</strong> theirbeing <strong>of</strong> the same nation. Our people observed that they were stout, well-made men, <strong>and</strong> had the figure <strong>of</strong> afish marked on their bodies; a very good emblem <strong>of</strong> their pr<strong>of</strong>ession.[2][2] The following remarks ought not to be omitted.--"Besides fish <strong>and</strong> vegetable food, these peoplehave dogs which live upon fish, <strong>and</strong> are reckoned excellent meat by the natives <strong>of</strong> the SocietyIsl<strong>and</strong>s, to whom they are known. Thus Providence, in its wise dispensations, made even thoseinsignificant narrow ledges rich enough in the productions <strong>of</strong> nature, to supply a whole race <strong>of</strong> menwith the necessaries <strong>of</strong> life. And here we cannot but express our admiration, that the minutest agentsare subservient to the purposes <strong>of</strong> the Almighty Creator. The coral is known to be the fabric <strong>of</strong> alittle worm, which enlarges its house, in proportion as its own bulk increases. This little creature,which has scarce sensation enough to distinguish it from a plant, builds up a rocky structure from thebottom <strong>of</strong> a sea too deep to be measured by human art, till it readies the surface, <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong>fers a firmbasis for the residence <strong>of</strong> man! The number <strong>of</strong> these low isl<strong>and</strong>s is very great, <strong>and</strong> we are far frombeing acquainted with them all. In the whole extent <strong>of</strong> the Pacific Ocean, between the tropics, theyare to be met with; however, they are remarkably frequent for the space <strong>of</strong> ten or fifteen degrees tothe eastward <strong>of</strong> the Society Isl<strong>and</strong>s. Quiros, Schouten, Roggewein, Byron, Wallis, Carteret,Bougainville, <strong>and</strong> Cook, have each met with new isl<strong>and</strong>s in their different courses; <strong>and</strong> what is mostremarkable, they have found them inhabited at the distance <strong>of</strong> two hundred <strong>and</strong> forty leagues to theeast <strong>of</strong> Otaheite. Nothing is more probable than, that on every new track other isl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>of</strong> this kindwill still be met with, <strong>and</strong> particularly between the 16th <strong>and</strong> 17th degree <strong>of</strong> S. latitude, no navigatorhaving hitherto run down on that parallel towards the Society Isl<strong>and</strong>s. It remains a subject worthythe investigation <strong>of</strong> philosophers, to consider from what probable principles these isl<strong>and</strong>s are soextremely numerous, <strong>and</strong> form so great an archipelago to windward <strong>of</strong> the Society Isl<strong>and</strong>s, whilstthey are only scattered at considerable distances beyond that group <strong>of</strong> mountainous isl<strong>and</strong>s? It istrue, there is another archipelago <strong>of</strong> coral ledges far to the westward, I mean the Friendly Isl<strong>and</strong>s;but these are <strong>of</strong> a different nature, <strong>and</strong> appear to be <strong>of</strong> a much older date; they occupy more space,<strong>and</strong> have a greater quantity <strong>of</strong> soil, on which all the vegetable productions <strong>of</strong> the higher l<strong>and</strong>s maybe raised."--G.F.How far the opinions here stated are supported by subsequent investigation, will be afterwardsconsidered.--E.On the 18th, at day-break, after having spent the night snaking short boards, we wore down to another islewe had in sight to the westward, which we reached by eight o'clock, <strong>and</strong> ranged the S.E. side at one milefrom shore. We found it to be just such another as that we had left, extending N.E. <strong>and</strong> S.W. near fourleagues, <strong>and</strong> from five to three miles broad. It lies S.W. by W., two leagues distant from the west end <strong>of</strong> Tioo-kea;<strong>and</strong> the middle is situated in the latitude <strong>of</strong> 14° 37' S., longitude 145° 10' W. These must be thesame isl<strong>and</strong>s to which Commodore Byron gave the name <strong>of</strong> George's Isl<strong>and</strong>s. Their situation in longitude,which was determined by lunar observations made near the shores, <strong>and</strong> still farther corrected by thedifference <strong>of</strong> longitude carried by the watch to Otaheite, is 3° 54' more east than he says they lie. Thiscorrection, I apprehend, may be applied to all the isl<strong>and</strong>s he discovered.After leaving these isles, we steered S.S.W. 1/2 W., <strong>and</strong> S.W. by S., with a fine easterly gale, having signs<strong>of</strong> the vicinity <strong>of</strong> l<strong>and</strong>, particularly a smooth sea; <strong>and</strong> on the 19th, at seven in the morning, l<strong>and</strong> was seen tothe westward, which we bore down to, <strong>and</strong> reached the S.E. end by nine o'clock. It proved to be another <strong>of</strong>these half-over-flowed or drowned isl<strong>and</strong>s, which are so common in this part <strong>of</strong> the ocean; that is, anumber <strong>of</strong> little isles ranged in a circular form, connected together by a reef or wall <strong>of</strong> coral rock. The seais in general, every-where, on their outside, unfathomable; all their interior parts are covered with water,
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AGENERALHISTORY AND COLLECTIONOFVOY
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Produce, and Inhabitants: Astronomi
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SECTION I. Passage from Ulietea to
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First Voyage, &c., second edition.
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After leaving these islands, Quiros
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of his instructions, he did not fin
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had been well ascertained, and foun
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[14] Till the discovery of what has
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third lieutenants, the lieutenant o
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have made, would have done honour t
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learning from his voyage; that he w
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long as the condition of the ships,
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occasional use of fires to destroy
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To record incidents such as these,
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on this occasion, was not omitted.T
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At two in the afternoon on the 29th
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[10] Mr G.F. speaks with much more
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steering directly for, till we were
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ears; they immediately rowed toward
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On the 24th, the wind blew from N.W
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This longitude is nearly the same t
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Myself, being the mean of six dista
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land.At nine o'clock, the wind veer
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elieve that land of any extent lay
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seen in the heavens, similar to tho
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and dashing of the waves into the c
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longitude was 121° 9'. At three o'
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We continued to advance to the N.E.
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come nearer. After dinner I took tw
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discover himself, had taken some li
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These he never would suffer to go o
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continued without intermission till
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emote from the present trading part
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which is not more remarkable for th
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clouds, and seemed to forebode much
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which appears supernatural, and wil
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hills; plenty of water which falls
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and with much difficulty we saved h
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myself the morning after my arrival
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lioness. It certainly bore much res
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me before that time, he was then to
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their existence. But nature, we may
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subject, this disease was indigenou
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and seldom higher than 54, at the s
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the time, blew from different direc
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inhabiting the lithophytes. They ra
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were striking, and left us a little
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After the first salutation was over
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presented the king with two fine go
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former. I told them to return me th
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the harbour, I chose to turn in by
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going. As his intention in coming i
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which taught him to avoid the socie
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On the 11th, early in the morning,
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one; at last, all my enquiries gave
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disease existed at Otaheite previou
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is soft and pulpy, then they spit i
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many parts of England."-G.F.After r
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they did not seem willing to part w
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extraordinary value at Otaheite and
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After we had done examining this pl
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The officer informed me that the na
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ass kettle, a saw, two large spikes
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[1] This subject is resumed in the
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desirous of those we had on board.
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Their ornaments are amulets, neckla
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wants the common necessaries of lif
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- Page 142 and 143: eing persuaded they would take prop
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- Page 146 and 147: youth under twenty.[8][7] An instan
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- Page 154 and 155: place where they are formed.[3][3]
- Page 156 and 157: manner, covered with ice; a hard ga
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- Page 176 and 177: towards each end. To these are tied
- Page 178 and 179: perseverance of these islanders in
- Page 180 and 181: I continued to steer to the west ti
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- Page 184 and 185: are a mile from each other, in the
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- Page 206 and 207: hundred and ten, besides smaller ca
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acceptable entertainment, and were
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then, to pop out and throw a dart.
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SECTION V.An Intercourse establishe
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troublesome to the eyes.Early in th
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island. Hence, that gentleman infer
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expeditious as it can well be. They
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observed, were planted as thick as
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that were prevailed on to stay, ran
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We understood that the little isle
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weapons; almost every one of them c
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appeared over the west end of Tanna
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it. The wind being at south, we wer
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[6] "Quiros had great reason to ext
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went; and the middle of it is in la
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untoward circumstances of the world
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weather side of it, we stood in wit
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appearance of the country.--"We wal
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after my return on board.It was of
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Accordingly I ordered them to be ta
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of it. A nation of women, we may co
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I have before observed, that the co
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in their country, and the scanty su
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hoisted in the boats, and made sail
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leagues. In the afternoon, with a f
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e done. We had from the top-mast-he
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in a space of two hundred leagues;
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eighteen fathoms water close to the
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[3] "They continued from time to ti
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A little within the entrance on the
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then squatted herself down, on her
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longitude 166° 15' W.On the 20th,
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Two hours after, we made the land,
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inlet was another, with several isl
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harbour is not quite free from this
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enough to spoil the appetite of any
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which we called EMBOTHRIUM coccineu