OP-II-3

OP-III-A-3Continuous pyrolysis experiments were conducted using a specially adaptedatmospheric pressure, 1 kg/hr bubbling fluidised bed test facility at 400°C (see figurebelow) featuring automated operation and data acquisition. Feedstocks, solid, liquidand gaseous products were analysed using standard analysis methods like TGA,GC/MS, ND/IR, BET, NMR, SEM, etc.NitrogenBubblingfluidisedbed reactorCycloneVentManually orscrew operatedfeed bunkerFreeboardCyclone ashcollection binProduct gas samplingFeeding screwArgon and/or nitrogenfluidisation gasTar sampling systemconsisting of6 isopropanol filledimpinger bottles,designed to trap bothaerosols andcondensable gasHeater+40°C-20°CBubblingfluidisedhot sandbedHeated soxhletparticle filterContinuoustestsCoolantESPBatchtestsPumpPumpPyrolysis product obtention test rig withroom temperature condenser,elektrostatic filter and freeze condenserResults indicate that lignin can be valorised in bio-char (40%) and bio-oil (40%).The bio-oil contains 16-21 wt% (d.b.) of a phenolic fraction constituting of monomeric(6-10%) and oligomeric (10-13%) compounds. LIBRA clearly indicates the potentialfor pyrolysis to valorise lignin.The lignins were provided by Dr. R. Gosselink from Wageningen UniversityResearch, The Netherlands Prof. A.V. Bridgwater of Aston University, UK and abiorefinery developer.REFERENCES[1]. Antal, M.J., Jr., ‘Biomass pyrolysis: a review of the literature, Part 2 – lignocellulose pyrolysis’, In:Advances in Solar Energy, 1985, Vol. 2, Chapter 4, pp. 175 – 255.[2]. Allan, G.G. and Matilla, T., ‘High energy degradation’, In: ‘Lignins: Occurrence, Formation,Structure and Reactions’, edited by K.V. Sarkanen and H. Ludwig, 1971, Chapter 14, pp. 575-592.[3]. De Wild, P.J., Van der Laan, R., Kloekhorst, A., Heeres, E., 'Lignin Valorisation for Chemicals and(Transportation) Fuels via (Catalytic) Pyrolysis and Hydrodeoxygenation', Environmental Progressand Sustainable Energy, 28, 3, 2009, 461 – 469.156