OP-II-3

Energy Conservation (field j)∂∂t'' '' T( ρ h ) + ∇ ⋅ ( ρ u h) = ∇ ⋅ ( q + q ) + ΔH+ h A(T − T )jjjjjjicjsurfaceOP-I-16The FT synthesis reaction kinetics process is modeled using a macrokinetic rateexperssion developed by Yates and Satterfield, References [5] and [6]. A simplifiedreaction equation is used in this capability demonstration as:CO + 2H2 → CH2+ H2OTo account for the local reaction rates, both reactants (CO and H 2 ) and bothproducts (CH 2 and H 2 O) will be tracked in the liquid solvent, very small bubbles, smallbubbles and large cap/slug bubbles. Therefore, 16 separate species mass fractions (Y i )will be tracked throughout the reactor using a species transport equation as:Species Mass Fraction Transport (species s in carrier field j)∂∂t⎛ μ⎜⎝ σsμ ⎞Tσ ⎟s ⎠Tj( α ρ Y ) ( ) js+ ∇ ⋅ α ρ v Y ⎜ ⎟s= ∇ ⋅αj+ ∇Ys+ SsjjjjjThe paper will include both hydraulic and reaction kinetic profiles in a typical pilotsize demonstration FT reactor. Novel modeling will be presented to include theflashing of water in the liquid solvent to steam in the gas phase. Finally, the predictedtemperature profiles and liquid fuels production rates will be presented. In addition,lessons learned in applying advanced technology to the reaction process industryand future work will be summarized.References[1]. Antal, S.P., R.T. Lahey, Jr., M.H. Al-Dahhan, Simulating Churn-Turbulent Flows in a BubbleColumn using a Three-Field, Two-Fluid Model, in 5th International Conference on MultiphaseFlow, ICMF'04. 2004: Yokohama, Japan.[2]. Tselishcheva, E.A., et.al., “Development and Validation of a Multifield Model of Churn-TurbulentGas/Liquid Flows,” Proceedings of the 17 th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering,ICONE17, July 12-16, 2009, Brussels, Belgium.[3]. Drew, D.A., Passman, S.L. "Theory of Multicomponent Fluids", Applied Mathematical Sciences,Vol. 135, (1998)[4]. [Antal, S.P., Kunz, R., Ettore, S., Podowski, M.Z., 2000. Development of a next generationcomputer code for the prediction of multicomponent multiphase flows. In: Proceedings of theInternational Meeting on Trends in Numerical and Physical Modeling for Industrial MultiphaseFlows, Cargese, France.[5]. Yates, I.C. and Satterfield, C.N., "Intrinsic Kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on a CobaltCatalyst", Energy & Fuels, 5: p. 168-173, (1991)[6]. Guillen, D.P., et.al. , “Incorporation of Reaction Kinetics into a Multiphase, Hydrodynamic Model ofa Fischer Tropsch Slurry Bubble Column Reactor”, AIChE Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, Nov.2008.67