OP-II-3

PP-II-53ON THE TECNOLOGY OF TECHNICAL OILS FINE PURIFICATIONFROM GROUP OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONSIbrahimov Ch.Sh., Samedova F.I., Abbasov Kh.I.National Academy of Sciences of AzerbaijanInstitute of Chemical Problems, Bakuxaliq-349@mail.ruAs in known, the availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and resinouscompounds in the composition of oil distillates worsens their quality.For today the most widespread method of motor oils selective purification fromaromatic hydrocarbons and resinous substances is an extraction method with the useof selective solvents. For that purpose, the polar solvents that are capable toselectively refine them are used. The experts have tested such solvents as dichlorideethyl ether, nitrobenzene, aniline, liquid sulfuric anhydride and etc. In total more thanhundred solvents have been investigated. At the present main industrial solvents arephenol, furfural, and N-methyl pirromedine-2. The furfural is widely used at the Bakuoil refining factories as it is less toxic and more selective, though differs with asmaller dissolvent ability.On of the widespread devices used for clearing oils is the rotor-disk extractor thatis introduced in the Baku oil refining factories as well. The scheme and its workingprinciple are given in [1].Another device used for oil purification is adsorber with the use of selectiveadsorbents. The scheme and its working principle are given in [2].Each of the above mentioned methods of oil purification from aromatichydrocarbons has its own essential drawback, which reduce their efficiency.The effectiveness of the extraction method is in the fact that at largeconcentration of resinous and aromatic hydrocarbons it is possible to sharply reducetheir concentration in the composition of the solution to be refined with the help ofsolvents. For example, in the oil purification experiment described in the paper [3] thedistillate D-11 was used as a raw material and according to percentage ratio had thefollowing content of hydrocarbons group in its composition:Methane-naphthen -62,6%(masses), Aromatic: easy fraction-16,7%, Averagefraction – 7,0%, Heavy fraction-7,9%, Resinous substances-5,8%.429