Hydraulic ram pumps and Sling Pumps

WELL - Resource Centre Network for Water, Sanitation and Environmental HealthHOME | ABOUT WELL | CONTACT WELL | WELL ACTIVITIES | LINKS | SITE MAPWELL INTRANETGo backWELL FACTSHEETSome global statistics for water and sanitation related diseaseSOURCES ANDREFERENCESAuthor: Sarah Parry-Jones and Pete Kolsky(Revised: Sandy Cairncross, January 2003)Quality assurance: Ian SmoutAn estimated 2.4 billion people lack adequate sanitation and 1.2 billion people arewithout access to safe water (WHO-UNICEF, 2000). The number of people withoutaccess to adequate sanitation rose by around 150 million in the period 1990 to2000.Diarrhoea causes 2 million deaths/year, mostly amongst children under the age offive (WHO, 2002). This is equivalent to one child dying every fifteen seconds, or ajumbo jet crashing every 90 minutes. This is estimated as about a third of total childdeaths under the age of five in developing countries.There are approximately a billion cases of diarrhoea each year (Bern et al. 1992).Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions have been shown to reduce sicknessfrom diarrhoea on average by between a quarter and a third in practice, (Esrey,1991), though potentially almost all diarrhoea deaths are attributable to inadequatewater, sanitation and hygiene (Pruss et al. 2002).In reducing the toll of sickness and death from diarrhoea, the supply of adequatequantities of water is usually more important than improving its quality. This isbecause the organisms that cause diarrhoea can be spread through many routesbesides drinking water, and increased quantities of water can improve householdand personal hygiene to prevent these.http://www.lboro.ac.uk/orgs/well/resources/fact-sheets/fact-sheets-htm/sgswsrd.htm (1 of 3) [1/13/2005 12:44:55 PM]