Hydraulic ram pumps and Sling Pumps

Appendix H: Assessing natural clays for use as drilling mud1. Use water which is as pure as possible. Ideally, fresh rainwatershould be used. Water should be sediment free and should be assoft as possible (calcium and magnesium can interfere with theswelling of sodium bentonite clays). If possible, use water with arelatively high pH (8-9) to reduce the calcium and magnesiumcontent. If necessary, use soda ash to raise the pH of the water.2. If water is run through a water treatment filter to purify it, ensurethat it is passed through an activated carbon filter to remove anyresidual chlorine or iodine prior to the test.3. To minimize variability, collect sufficient water in one containerto test all the samples and then draw water for each test from thesame container.Free Standing Swell Test Procedure:1. Just prior to the test, measure out a 2 gram sample of powderedclay.❍ Option 1:■ Hang the Balance beam on a branch or a nail.■ place a 2 gram reference weight on one side of theBalance beam.■ Punch a hole in one of the included Ziplock Bags, andhang it on the other side of the Balance Beam.■ Then, fill the Ziplock bag with dry, finely groundsample until the Balance Beam hangs level.❍ Option 2:■ Estimate the proper weight by measuring 2.3 cm3 clay(0.5 tsp.clay or the equivalent volume of 46 drops ofwater). This amount of clay would fill TWO of the 1.5ml. snap-top bottles to just over 2/3 full.(If possible, use all four graduated cylinders so that upto four clay samples can be tested at the same time.)■ Fill the cylinders to the 100 ml. mark with the cleanhttp://www.lifewater.ca/Appendix_H.htm (4 of 6) [1/13/2005 12:45:28 PM]