Hydraulic ram pumps and Sling Pumps

Key Factors for Sustainable Cost RecoveryThe example below shows different ways tariffs are collected for 95 water points surveyed in theregion of Saint-Louis in the Senegal River basin project.Table 9:Different ways of defining a tariff (Senegal River Basin project)Type of tariff Frequency RemarksPer capita 1% Used mainly in socially homogenous communitiesPer man 3% Can be used in monogamous societiesCan actually represent a family unit, or used for family headedPer married woman 6%by single womenCan be used when average size of households is known andPer household 17%more or less the same in the communityPer plot 33% Corresponds to the traditional habitat entityPer bucket 0% Social distinction not taken into account.Used in communities where livestock is an important aspect ofPer head of livestock 40%economic life, and where the number of heads is knownUsed in communities where livestock is an important aspect ofPer herd 11%economic life, and where the number of heads is not knownIn this project, corresponds to the most common way ofPer carriage 44%collecting waterSource: Adapted from Programme Solidarité Eau (1994)The above classification shows within a wide variety of tariff definitions within one region. However,tariffs defined per plot, per carriage and per head of livestock are the ones most commonly adopted inthis area. This is due to the nature of the economic life and the priorities of this region. Tariffs can andshould be adapted to local situations.Another way of classifying users, derived from an example in Mauritania, is based on the distancebetween the water point and the user’s home. The closer you live to the water point the moreexpensive is the water, and vice versa. Each family living from 5m to 50 m from a water point pays 10UM (the local currency) per day. Families living from 50m to 100m from the water point pay 5 UMper day. Families from 100m to 300m from the water point pay 2 UM.From 100 m to 300 m, tariff = 2From 5m to 50 m, tariff = 10 UMFrom 50 m to 100m, tariff = 5 UMSource : Adapted from Programme Solidarité Eau, 1994Figure 2: Defining a tariff according to the distance between water point and household location27