Hydraulic ram pumps and Sling Pumps

Technical Information W1edepending on the variety. Fully mature,dried seeds are round or triangularshaped, the kernel being surrounded by alightly wooded shell with three paperywings. It tends to be deeply rooted, has awide open typically-umbrella shapedcrown and usually a single stem.CultivationMoringa oleifera can be easily establishedby cutting or by seed. Seeds can be sowneither directly or in containers and no seedtreatment is required. The Plants raisedfrom 1m cutting beat pods from thesecond year and growth on wards withmaximun production at 4 to 5 years. In afavorable environment an individual treecan yield 50 to 70 kg of pods in one year.Originally considered a tree of hot, semiaridregions (annual rainfall 250–1500mm) it has also been found to be welladapted to hot, humid, wet conditions withannual rainfall in excess of 3000 mm.However It does best where temperatureranges from 26 to 40°C and annual totalrainfall at least 500 mm. It grows well fromsea level to 1000m in elevation. Its bigadaptability is also shown in the variety ofsoil conditions where it grows continuoslyunder water stress.used as a natural coagulant (primarycoagulant) in household water treatmentas well as in the community watertreatment systems. Natural coagulantproperties were found in 6 differentMoringa species by laboratory studies.The seed kernels of Moringa oleiferacontain significant quantities of lowmolecular-weight, (water-soluble proteins)which carry a positive charge. When thecrusheed seeds are added to raw water,the proteins produce positive chargesacting like magnets and attracking thepredominantly negatively charged particles(such as clay, silk, bacterias, and othertoxic particles in water). The flocculationprocess occurs when the proteins bind thenegatives charges forming flocs throughthe aggregation of particles which arepresent in water. These flocs are easly toremove by settling or filtration. Thematerial can clarify not only highly turbidmuddy water but also water of mediumand low turbidity.Coagulation with Moringa seedsGenerally, coagulants are used for(physical and chemical) purification ofturbid raw waters. At very high turbidity thewater can no longer be adequately treatedby using filters. Coagulants have to beapplied to transform water constituentsinto forms that can be seperated outphysically. In large scale treatment plantsAluminium Sulphate is used as aconventional chemical coagulant.As an alternative to conventionalcoagulants, Moringa oleifera seeds can beMoringa leaves and seedsThe level of turbidity influences therequired time for the floculation. As with all2JDWH Information Service / , PO Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, GermanyPhone: +49 (0)6196 / 79-3093, Fax: +49 (0)6196 / 79-7352, Email: gate-id@gtz.de, Internet: http://www.gtz.de/gate/gateid.afp