The Clinical Guide to Supportive and Palliative Care for HIV/AIDS

A Clinical Guide to Supportive and Palliative Care for HIV/AIDS • Topic IndexMmajor depressive disorder (MDD). see depressionmania, 227Medicaid, 372Medicare, 370–372, 462–463medication history, 52medicationsaccess for homeless persons, 317availability in developing countries, 398–401children, dosage adjustment, 269, 269, 276Memorial Pain Assessment Card (MPAC), 63, 68,100Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS),65, 80memories, preserving, 285, 331, 498meningitis, 217mental statesassessment, 208–209change assessment, 209differential diagnosis, 207evaluation, 216, 216–217exam, 209–210miliaria, 200–201minors. see childrenmolluscum contagiosum, 190–191, 192, 205mothers, 316motor impairment, 212motor skills development, 269–270mourning, 329. see also griefmovement, near death, 470MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), 217multiple lossbereavement, 333characteristics, 502provider role, 28myelopathy, 218myoclonusat end of life, 500myopathy, 94myositis, 94–95Nnauseain children, 277treatment options, 160–162necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis, 168, 172, 175neoplastic disease, 208nephrotoxicity, 106, 562neurological pain syndromes, 90–94neuropathic pain, 262, 275neuropathies, 91–92, 92, 94neuropsychiatric disorderschildren, 219overview, 210–212, 213treatment protocols, 220–222neurosyphilis, 217non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), 172, 175, 485noncardiac chest pain, 151nummular eczema, 184, 203nurses, 435, 448–449. see also cliniciansnutrition withdrawal, 499–500nutritional deficiency, 221nutritional intake, 123nutritional neuropathies, 93nutritionists, 450Oobsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 234obstruction, 153–154ocular toxicity, 563odynophagia, 162opiate dependence/ withdrawal, 229oral care, 167, 469oral hairy leukoplakia, 170, 174organic mood disorder, 226oropharynx, pain, 89oxygenation, 145Ppaincauses in AIDS, 12classification, 85, 86, 261iatrogenic, 273nature, in AIDS patients, 85syndromes, 86–87, 86–87, 88–95under-treatment, 38–39vocabulary, 43pain assessmentin children, 72, 74concerns, 95–97ethics, 350–351measurement instruments, 97, 98–102Memorial Pain Assessment Card (MPAC), 68pain managementadjuvant drugs, 109–114in African Americans, 309barriers, 116–117, 117brief inventory, 69–70caregiver’s instruction, 468in children, 276children, analgesics, 277children, assessment, 274in developing countries, 398EMLA cream, 273at end of life, 500ethics, 355JCAHO standards, 103, 103medication availability, 13, 257methadone-maintained patients, 260, 260multimodal concept, 103–104non-drug therapies, 115, 115–116, 116non-opioids, 104–106opioids, 106–109overview, 95–104pharmacologic overview, 104prayer, 289precepts, 12–13prisoners, 324in substance users, 255–257, 261–263palliative careand clinical trials, 482–483communication about, 432core elements, 18defined, 1, 9ethical principles, 351–357information resources, 516–519intervention examples, 20–23prognostic uncertainty, 24–25resources in developing countries, 388–390,389role in treatment, 2, 7–12WHO definition, 388592U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • Health Resources and Services Administration • HIV/AIDS Bureau