Development of Karl Fischer Reagents
Development of Karl Fischer Reagents
Development of Karl Fischer Reagents
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II-1 Organic Compounds<br />
13. Amides, Anilides<br />
The moisture content <strong>of</strong> amides and anilides can be measured easily<br />
using standard methods. Amides behave in the same way as weakbasicity<br />
amines. Both volumetric and coulometric titration can be used.<br />
For volumetric titration, use either a general-use or an oil-type<br />
dehydrated solvent, depending on the solubility <strong>of</strong> the sample.<br />
In the case <strong>of</strong> coulometric titration, the sample is added directly to the<br />
electrolyte (anolyte).<br />
100<br />
Key Points<br />
Examples <strong>of</strong> substances that can be measured directly:<br />
Formamide, acetamide, malonamide, dimethyl formamide, urea, ethylene<br />
urea, biuret, acetyl urea, alloxan, benzamide, salicylamide, acetanilide,<br />
propionanilide<br />
[Examples <strong>of</strong> Measurement]<br />
(1) Volumetric titration<br />
<strong>Reagents</strong> used: <strong>Karl</strong> <strong>Fischer</strong> Reagent SS-Z (or SS)<br />
Dehydrated Solvent GEX (or MS) 25-50ml<br />
Substance<br />
Formamide<br />
N,N-Dimethyl formamide<br />
Urea<br />
Acetanilide<br />
Stearamide<br />
Dehydrated<br />
solvents<br />
General-use<br />
"<br />
"<br />
"<br />
Oil-type<br />
Sample<br />
Quantity (g) Measurement<br />
Value (mg)<br />
2.2307<br />
2.6466<br />
2.5000<br />
4.9110<br />
3.6953<br />
1.71<br />
3.28<br />
1.40<br />
10.35<br />
0.15<br />
Moisture<br />
Content (%)<br />
0.077<br />
0.124<br />
0.056<br />
0.211<br />
0.004
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