Development of Karl Fischer Reagents
Development of Karl Fischer Reagents
Development of Karl Fischer Reagents
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I-1. Questions & Answers about <strong>Karl</strong> <strong>Fischer</strong> <strong>Reagents</strong><br />
Normal ketones, diisopropyl ketone, benzophenone, benzoin, alizarin,<br />
quinalization, dibenzalacetone, camphor, etc.<br />
(8) Acetals RCH(OR')2<br />
(9) Acid anhydrides (RC=O)2O<br />
(10) Peroxides<br />
Dialkyl peroxide<br />
(11) Nitrogen compounds<br />
Amines (pKa9 or lower)<br />
Aminoalcohols<br />
Amides RCONH2<br />
Nitriles RCN<br />
Azo compounds RN=NR'<br />
Imines RCHNR' Cyanhydrine RCH(OH)CN<br />
Oximes R2C=N'OH<br />
Lactam NH(CH2)nCO<br />
Isocyanide compounds<br />
Nitroso compounds R2N-N=O, nitro compounds RN02<br />
Cyanic acid derivatives HOC=N<br />
38<br />
Hydroxamic acid RC-NH<br />
-<br />
=<br />
O OH<br />
Anilides C6H5NHCOR<br />
Purines, proteins<br />
(12)Halogenated hydrocarbons<br />
(13)Halogenated acyls<br />
(14)Sulfur compounds<br />
Thioether RSR, disulfides RSSR, thiocyanate compounds RSCN,<br />
isothiocyanates RNCS, thioesters RCOSR<br />
2. Inorganic compounds<br />
(1) Organic salts and their hydrates<br />
Sodium acetate, potassium oxalate, sodium tartrate, Ammonium acetate,<br />
barium acetate, lead acetate, ammonium oxalate, etc.<br />
(2) Inorganic salts and their hydrates<br />
Alkaline salts <strong>of</strong> strong acids, sulfates, acidic sulfates, disulphates,<br />
dithionates, phosphates (I), phosphates (II)<br />
(3) Acids<br />
Sulfur dioxide, hydriodic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydr<strong>of</strong>luoric acid,<br />
nitric acid, sulfuric acid (92% or lower), phosphoric acid<br />
(4) Chelate compounds<br />
Cobalt complexes<br />
(5) Polytungsten salts
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