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FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ETHICS6.3.1 Broad ClassificationsA broad classification of ethical theories differentiates the socialscientists approach from the philosophers’ approach.(a)(b)Descriptive EthicsThis is also known as comparative ethics. It is the study ofpeople’s beliefs about morality. It is a form of empirical researchinto the attitudes of individuals or groups of people. The aim isto discover people’s beliefs about such things as values, whichactions are right or wrong, and which characteristics of moralagents are virtuous. Simply put, it is a factual description andexplanation of moral behaviour and beliefs. This the socialscientist approaches.Prescriptive or Normative EthicsNormative ethics bridges the gap between meta-ethics andapplied ethics. It is the attempt to arrive at practical moralstandards that tell us right from wrong, and how to live morallives.The formulation of prescriptions and proscriptions about whatwe ought and ought not to do. It is a study of ethical theories thatprescribes how people ought to act. How should people act?118
ETHICAL FRAMEWORK, CONCEPTS AND VALUE6.3.2 Traditional ClassificationsIn analytic philosophy, ethics is traditionally divided into three fields:Meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics.(a)(b)(c)(d)Meta-EthicsThe study of the origin and meaning of ethical concepts. Unlikenormative ethics, it does not attempt to evaluate specific choicesas being better, worse, good, bad or evil.Metaphysical Issues in Meta-ethicsMetaphysics is the study if the nature of existence resistancecourse in different forms – physical and non-physical. Themetaphysical components of meta ethics involves discoveringspecifically whether moral values are eternal truths that exist ina spirit-like realm or physical – that is human conventions.Ethical ObjectivismHolds that moral values are independent of one’s perception orconception – in the sense that they exist in a spirit-like realmbeyond subjective conventions. Moral values are absolute oreternal, not changing. They are universal – applying to allrational creatures. Plato and Kant hold this view.Ethical RelativismIt follows in the sceptical philosophical tradition (SextusEmpricus) and denies the objectives status of normal values.Sceptics do not reject moral values themselves, but denied thatvalues exist as spirit-like objects.119
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FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ETHICS1.3.3
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ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING POLICIESsu
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ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING POLICIES(j
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ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING POLICIES(i
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ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING POLICIES2.
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3AMALGAMATION, ABSORPTION ANDRECONS
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AMALGAMATION, ABSORPTION AND RECONS
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Page 67 and 68: 4ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION TION O
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THE ENVIRONMENT: CORPORATE, PROFESS
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8PROFESSIONAL ETHICS8. 0 LEARNING O
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PROFESSIONAL ETHICSobjectivity are
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PROFESSIONAL ETHICS(c)(d)The type o
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PROFESSIONAL ETHICSabout conflicts
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PROFESSIONAL ETHICS(d)(e)Confidenti
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PROFESSIONAL ETHICSA. III onlyB. II
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9DECISION MAKING IN ETHICS9. 0 LEAR
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DECISION MAKING IN ETHICS9.2 A FRAM
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDS(d)We
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DECISION MAKING IN ETHICS4. A perso
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10ETHICAL THREATS TS AND SAFEGUARDS
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDS(iv)(
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDSto th
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDSpayab
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDS(a)Fi
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDSimmin
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDSHowev
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ETHICAL THREATS AND SAFEGUARDS(iii)
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11CORPORATE GOVERNANCE11.0 LEARNING
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE11.3.1 Nature(a
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCEThe company sho
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCEtrust, possible
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCEAn agent has im
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE11.6.1 The law
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCEILLUSTRAUSTRATI
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCEimitated. They
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE(a)(b)Greenbury
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE11.9.2 Boards d
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCErelationship wi
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE(e)(f)(g)(h)(i)
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE(vi)Inquisitive
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE(e)ConsultancyA
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCEThe incoming au
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCEIn summary, acc
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12SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTALISSUES IN
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SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN
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APPENDIX ISUGGESTED SOLUTIONS TO RE
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SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS TO REVISION QUE
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SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS TO REVISION QUE
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APPENDIX IICOMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
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COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND SUGGEST
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APPENDIX IIICASE STUDY 1Karsashi, a
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CASE STUDIES(iii)(iv)The floor sale
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CASE STUDIESShare price and dividen
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CASE STUDIESSUGGESTED SOLUTION(A) A
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CASE STUDY 3The following informati
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CASE STUDIESCASE STUDY 4Ologobojo i
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APPENDIX IVTable 1:SUMMARY OF INTER
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SUMMARY OF INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING
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APPENDIX VGLOSSARY OF TERMSAbsorpti
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GLOSSARY OF TERMSEthical Objectivis
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APPENDIX VIBIBLIOGRAPHYChambers Ham
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APPENDIX VIISTUDY AND EXAMINATION T
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STUDY AND EXAMINATION TECHNIQUES7.3
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INDEXAAbsorption, 17, 19, 39, 40, 4
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INDEXProfessional Behaviour, 136, 1
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